The temperature on May 12, 1816 was about 9.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: winderig half bewolkt bui hagel. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
April 10 » The Federal government of the United States approves the creation of the Second Bank of the United States.
July 2 » The French frigateMéduse strikes the Bank of Arguin and 151 people on board have to be evacuated on an improvised raft, a case immortalised by Géricault's painting The Raft of the Medusa.
July 27 » Seminole Wars: The Battle of Negro Fort ends when a hot shot cannonball fired by US Navy Gunboat No. 154 explodes the fort's Powder Magazine, killing approximately 275. It is considered the deadliest single cannon shot in US history.
August 24 » The Treaty of St. Louis is signed in St. Louis, Missouri.
September 5 » Louis XVIII has to dissolve the Chambre introuvable ("Unobtainable Chamber").
November 19 » Warsaw University is established.
Day of death November 13, 1865
The temperature on November 13, 1865 was about 6.7 °C. The air pressure was 7.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-southeast. The airpressure was 78 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 51%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 8 » Delaware refuses to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Slavery was outlawed in the United States, including Delaware, when the Amendment was ratified by the requisite number of states on December 6, 1865. Delaware ratified the Thirteenth Amendment on February 12, 1901, which was the ninety-second anniversary of the birth of Abraham Lincoln.
April 1 » American Civil War: Union troops led by Philip Sheridan decisively defeat Confederate troops led by George Pickett, cutting the Army of Northern Virginia's last supply line.
April 14 » U.S. President Abraham Lincoln is shot in Ford's Theatre by John Wilkes Booth; Lincoln died the next day.
May 5 » American Civil War: The Confederate government was declared dissolved at Washington, Georgia.
November 18 » Mark Twain's short story "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" is published in the New York Saturday Press.
December 1 » Shaw University, the first historically black university in the southern United States, is founded in Raleigh, North Carolina.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Wicher Dam, "Dambomen, negen verschillende stambomen DAM", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/dambomen/I13139.php : accessed February 6, 2026), "Lumpje Engelsman (± 1791-1865)".
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