Clarke Family Tree » Frederick John (John) Nicolls (1851-1943)

Christening day December 1, 1851

• The temperature on December 1, 1851 was about 3.5 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 97%. Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In The Netherlands , there was from November 1, 1849 to April 19, 1853 the cabinet Thorbecke I, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1851: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.3 million citizens.
  • February 6 » The largest Australian bushfires in a populous region in recorded history take place in the state of Victoria.
  • May 1 » Queen Victoria opens The Great Exhibition at The Crystal Palace in London.
  • September 11 » Christiana Resistance: Escaped slaves led by William Parker fight off and kill a slave owner who, with a federal marshal and an armed party, sought to seize three of his former slaves in Christiana, Pennsylvania, thereby creating a cause célèbre between slavery proponents and abolitionists.
  • September 15 » Saint Joseph's University is founded in Philadelphia.
  • October 24 » William Lassell discovers the moons Umbriel and Ariel orbiting Uranus.
  • December 8 » Conservative Santiago-based government troops defeat rebels at the Battle of Loncomilla, signaling the end of the 1851 Chilean Revolution.

Day of marriage January 4, 1874

• The temperature on January 4, 1874 was about 3.0 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 8 kgf/m² and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 89%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• From July 6, 1872 till August 27, 1874 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Vries - Fransen van de Putte with the prime ministers Mr. G. de Vries Azn. (liberaal) and I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal).
• From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
• In the year 1874: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 4.0 million citizens.
  • February 28 » One of the longest cases ever heard in an English court ends when the defendant is convicted of perjury for attempting to assume the identity of the heir to the Tichborne baronetcy.
  • March 15 » France and Vietnam sign the Second Treaty of Saigon, further recognizing the full sovereignty of France over Cochinchina.
  • May 27 » The first group of Dorsland trekkers under the leadership of Gert Alberts leaves Pretoria.
  • July 8 » The Mounties begin their March West.
  • July 14 » The Chicago Fire of 1874 burns down 47 acres of the city, destroying 812 buildings, killing 20, and resulting in the fire insurance industry demanding municipal reforms from Chicago's city council.
  • November 25 » The United States Greenback Party is established as a political party consisting primarily of farmers affected by the Panic of 1873.

Day of death November 5, 1943

• The temperature on November 5, 1943 was between -2.8 °C and 7.0 °C and averaged 1.9 °C. There was 7.5 hours of sunshine (80%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the east. Source: KNMI
• Koningin Wilhelmina (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1948 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
• In the year 1943: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 9.1 million citizens.
  • January 29 » World War II: The first day of the Battle of Rennell Island, USSChicago(CA-29) is torpedoed and heavily damaged by Japanese bombers.
  • April 8 » Otto and Elise Hampel are executed in Berlin for their anti-Nazi activities.
  • May 11 » World War II: American troops invade Attu Island in the Aleutian Islands in an attempt to expel occupying Japanese forces.
  • May 15 » Joseph Stalin dissolves the Comintern (or Third International).
  • May 16 » The Holocaust: The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising ends.
  • November 23 » World War II: The Deutsche Opernhaus on Bismarckstraße in the Berlin neighborhood of Charlottenburg is destroyed. It will eventually be rebuilt in 1961 and be called the Deutsche Oper Berlin.

Day of burial November 6, 1943

• The temperature on November 6, 1943 was between -4.1 °C and 6.9 °C and averaged 1.6 °C. There was 13.7 mm of rain during 6.9 hours. There was 0.6 hours of sunshine (6%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
• Koningin Wilhelmina (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1948 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
• In the year 1943: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 9.1 million citizens.
  • January 29 » World War II: The first day of the Battle of Rennell Island, USSChicago(CA-29) is torpedoed and heavily damaged by Japanese bombers.
  • July 23 » The Rayleigh bath chair murder occurred in Rayleigh, Essex, England.
  • August 23 » World War II: Kharkiv is liberated by the Soviet Union after the Battle of Kursk.
  • August 29 » World War II: German-occupied Denmark scuttles most of its navy; Germany dissolves the Danish government.
  • September 7 » World War II: The German 17th Army begins its evacuation of the Kuban bridgehead (Taman Peninsula) in southern Russia and moves across the Strait of Kerch to the Crimea.
  • November 23 » World War II: The Deutsche Opernhaus on Bismarckstraße in the Berlin neighborhood of Charlottenburg is destroyed. It will eventually be rebuilt in 1961 and be called the Deutsche Oper Berlin.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1938 » Thomas Dewing, American painter and educator (b. 1851)
• 1939 » Mary W. Bacheler, American physician and Baptist medical missionary (b. 1860)
• 1941 » Arndt Pekurinen, Finnish activist (b. 1905)
• 1942 » George M. Cohan, American actor, singer, composer, author and theatre manager/owner (b. 1878)
• 1944 » Alexis Carrel, French surgeon and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1873)
• 1946 » Joseph Stella, Italian-American painter (b. 1877)