Family tree Brons » Bieke Egberts Houkes (1780-1860)

Christening day September 24, 1780

• The temperature on September 24, 1780 was about 12.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south east. Weather type: zeer betrokken. Source: KNMI
• Erfstadhouder Prins Willem V (Willem Batavus) (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1751 till 1795 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden)
• In the year 1780: Source: Wikipedia
  • March 14 » American Revolutionary War: Spanish forces capture Fort Charlotte in Mobile, Alabama, the last British frontier post capable of threatening New Orleans.
  • April 16 » Franz Friedrich Wilhelm von Fürstenberg founds the University of Münster.
  • May 13 » The Cumberland Compact is signed by leaders of the settlers in the Cumberland River area of what would become the U.S. state of Tennessee, providing for democratic government and a formal system of justice.
  • September 23 » American Revolution: British Major John André is arrested as a spy by American soldiers exposing Benedict Arnold's change of sides.
  • October 16 » American Revolutionary War: The British-led Royalton raid is the last Native American raid on New England.
  • November 9 » American Revolutionary War: In the Battle of Fishdam Ford a force of British and Loyalist troops fail in a surprise attack against the South Carolina Patriot militia under Brigadier General Thomas Sumter.

Day of marriage May 22, 1808

• The temperature on May 22, 1808 was about 14.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southeast. Weather type: betrokken. Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In the year 1808: Source: Wikipedia
  • January 26 » The Rum Rebellion is the only successful (albeit short-lived) armed takeover of the government in New South Wales.
  • February 21 » Without a previous declaration of war, Russian troops cross the border to Sweden at Abborfors in eastern Finland, thus beginning the Finnish War, in which Sweden will lose the eastern half of the country (i.e. Finland) to Russia.
  • May 2 » Outbreak of the Peninsular War: The people of Madrid rise up in rebellion against French occupation. Francisco de Goya later memorializes this event in his painting The Second of May 1808.
  • June 15 » Joseph Bonaparte becomes King of Spain.
  • August 21 » Battle of Vimeiro: British and Portuguese forces led by General Arthur Wellesley defeat French force under Major-General Jean-Andoche Junot near the village of Vimeiro, Portugal, the first Anglo-Portuguese victory of the Peninsular War.
  • September 14 » Finnish War: Russians defeat the Swedes at the Battle of Oravais.

Day of death May 29, 1860

• The temperature on May 29, 1860 was about 10.0 °C. There was 10 mm of rain. The air pressure was 14 kgf/m² and came mainly from the northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 67%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• From March 18, 1858 till February 23, 1860 the Netherlands had a cabinet Rochussen - Van Bosse with the prime ministers J.J. Rochussen (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal).
• From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
• In the year 1860: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.3 million citizens.
  • February 27 » Abraham Lincoln makes a speech at Cooper Union in the city of New York that is largely responsible for his election to the Presidency.
  • April 6 » The Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, later renamed Community of Christ, is organized by Joseph Smith III and others at Amboy, Illinois.
  • April 9 » On his phonautograph machine, Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville makes the oldest known recording of an audible human voice.
  • August 5 » Charles XV of Sweden of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Norway in Trondheim.
  • September 7 » Italian unification: Giuseppe Garibaldi enters Naples.
  • October 18 » The Second Opium War finally ends at the Convention of Peking with the ratification of the Treaty of Tientsin, an unequal treaty.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1829 » Humphry Davy, English-Swiss chemist and academic (b. 1778)
• 1847 » Emmanuel de Grouchy, Marquis de Grouchy, French general (b. 1766)
• 1862 » Franz Mirecki, Polish composer, music conductor, and music teacher (b. 1791)
• 1866 » Winfield Scott, American general, lawyer, and politician (b. 1786)
• 1873 » Prince Friedrich of Hesse and by Rhine (b. 1870)
• 1892 » Bahá'u'lláh, Persian religious leader, founded the Bahá'í Faith (b. 1817)