Whittington families » Samuel (V.C.) PARKES (± 1813-1864)

Persoonlijke gegevens Samuel (V.C.) PARKES 

• Hij is geboren rond 1813 in Wigginton, Tamworth.
• Hij werd gedoopt op 24 december 1815 in St Editha's Tamworth.
• Hij is overleden op 15 november 1864 in Stanhope Gate, Hyde Park, London.

  Age:About 50-51

• Hij is begraven in Brompton, London.
• Een kind van Thomas PARKES en Lydia FEARN (PARKES)
• Deze gegevens zijn voor het laatst bijgewerkt op 30 juli 2015.

Gezin van Samuel (V.C.) PARKES

Hij is getrouwd met Ann JEFFREY (PARKES).

Zij zijn getrouwd op 13 februari 1858 te St George's Hanover Square.

Notities over Samuel (V.C.) PARKES

«b» Samuel Parkes«/b» (c.1815-1864), a Private in the 4th Light Dragoons who won the Victoria Cross in the Charge of the Light Brigade for saving the life of Trumpeter Hugh Crawford of his regiment.[11] He was the son of Thomas Park(e)s and Lydia Fearn, who are buried in the churchyard of St Editha's, Tamworth. Samuel was baptised at St Editha's on 24 December 1815 and before enlistment in1831 worked locally as an agricultural labourer.

Private Samuel Parkes won his VC in The Legendary Charge of The Light Brigade in 1854. He was the first Private Soldier in The British Army to receive this award which was presented to him in person by Queen Victoria on 26th June 1857. He died in 1864 and was buried in an unmarked grave in London and remained in that grave, lost to his home town and village, and also to the country until 1999 when his grave was discovered by his great-great-great Nephew Peter Elkin. Peter arranged to have a memorial stone laid on his grave. Samuel Parkes VC was found, but until then he truly was "Tamworth's Forgotten Hero"

This is the title of a book, written by Peter, commemorating the life of Samuel Parkes VC.

The Wigginton Monument is the ultimate Monument to Samuel Parkes VC and was erected and dedicated to him in his home village of Wigginton, just outside Tamworth on September 14th 2011. It is a 10ft obelisk and is known as "The Samuel Parkes VC Wigginton War Memorial" The site where the obelisk has been erected is on the small village green and and within a short distance from where it is believed he was actually born in 1815. The above image is what it looks like and is a fitting tribute to Samuel Parkes VC. Wigginton's finest son.

Wigginton people were greatly honoured when HRH The Countess of Wessex visited the village on dedication day and she laid a wreath in honour of Samuel Parkes VC. The local school and schoolchildren were extremely involved in the day and the Countess met all the children which was a delight.

It was the finest and most spectacular day the village has ever seen, with a Royal visitor, much pageantry, military presence and so forth. Indeed it was Wigginton's finest hour.

The villagers of Wigginton were deeply committed to the project and raised all the funds towardserecting this obelisk. It had the backing of their County Councillor and also the local Parish Council. It will also be a war monument to the villagers of Wigginton who lost their lives in service totheir country.

This monument is the third and final monument to Samuel Parkes VC. The first in May 1999 was the tablet placed on his previously unmarked paupers grave in Brompton, London. He had lain in that unmarked plot of ground since his death in 1864. The second in June 2004 was a plaque in St Editha's church, Tamworth. This is the church where he was he was baptised in 1815. The obelisk monument dedicated on September 14th 2011 is the finest, and will complete a three corner triangle, his place of burial, his place of baptism and finally at the place of his birth. The spirit of Samuel Parkes VC has come home to Wigginton.

30 August 2011 Last updated at 22:08 Help«tab»

A memorial has been built to honour a Staffordshire soldier who saved the lives of two comrades during the Charge of the Light Brigade.

«b»Samuel Parke«/b»s of the 4th Light Dragoons was awarded the Victoria Cross for bravery for his actions during the Crimean War battle in 1854.

Villagers have raised £14,000 for an obelisk in Wigginton to remember him and others who fought.

His great, great, great nephew Peter Elkin said thanks to the village's efforts his relative would be remembered for generations to come.

Victoria Crosses

«b»635 Private Samuel Parkes, V.C.

«/b»Born in Wiigginton, Tamworth, Staffordshire, in 1813 the son of Thomas and

Lydia Parkes, Samuel was baptised at St Ethrida's Church, Tamworth on 24th

December 1815. Parkes enlisted into the 4th Queen's Own Light Dragoons at his

home town on 28th July 1831, when he was described as aged 18, 6 feet 2

inches tall with light brown hair, grey eyes and a fresh complexion. Prior to

military service, he was described as being a labourer.

He served with the Regiment in India for 9 yearsand 5 months, leaving Bombay

on 28th December 1841. Three months later, he disembarked from the

"Repulse" with the Regiment on its way to quarters in Canterbury. Their red

uniforms were replaced with blue ones in 1842, and it was in this uniform that

the Regiment marched to South and West Wales to keep civil order during the

socalled

"Rebecca Riots". The turnpike roads which commanded a toll were

deeply unpopular, and an organisation known as "Rebecca and her daughters"

grew up. Disguised in women's clothing, they preached violence, creating unrest

by destroying buildings and tool gates. One of the Troops was thanked by the

Duke of Wellington for saving the workhouse at Carmarthen. After service in

Ireland, once again keeping civil Order.

On 25th October 1854 at Balaklava, Parkes was acting as Orderly to Lord George

Paget, the Commanding Officer of the 4th Queen's Own Light Dragoons, who

referred to him as "a fine specimen of an Englishman". In this role, Parkes

needed to stay close to both Paget and Trumpeter Hugh Crawford who relayed

the Commanding Officer's orders to the troops. During the Charge of the Light

Brigade, the 4th Light Dragoons reached the Russian guns where savage hand to

hand fighting was taking place. Parkes rode past his Colonel shouting anxiously

"Where's my chief? Who's seen the Colonel?" Paget replied "here I am, my boy,

I'm all right" Parkes then rejoined his Colonel and the Trumpeter.

Returning back to the Allied lines, Crawford's horse collapsed from exhaustion

and the Trumpeter fell, losing his sword shortly afterwards, Parkes' own hose

was shot, leaving him to try to get back to safety on foot. Parkes saw Crawford

about to be attacked by two mounted Russian cossacks. Parkes ran to Crawford

and, standing in front of him, managed to drive off the two attackers. They then

set off on foot joined by Private John Eddon (also of the 4th LD) whose horse

had been shot. They came across Major JohnHalkett who was severely wounded

and who asked them to take his belt into which was sewn some money "for the

married women at home". Attacked by more cossacks, Halkett told the three

Dragoons to save themselves but to place his sword in his hand. Parkes turned

to face the Russians whilst his two comrades tried to lift Halkett. Crawford placed

Halkett over Parkes' shoulder, but was soon forced to lay down the Officer.

A Russian Officer called upon Parkes in English to surrender "Give yourself up,

and you won't be hurt." Parkes refused and a Russian fired a pistol which

wounded him in the right hand. The Canadianborn

Crawford, Parkes and Eddon

(who, like Parkes was from Tamworth) again ran backto the British lines. Eddon

managed to escape, but Parkes and Crawford were captured seeing

the body

of Halkett stripped naked except for his jacket as they were escorted back to the

Russian lines. The two men were taken in front of General Liprandi who, noting

the 6 foot 2inch Parkes, commented "If you are a Light Dragoon, what sort of

men are your Heavy Dragoons?". He saw to it that both prisoners were given

food and drink before they were marched into the Russian interior.

After almost exactly 12 months in captivity, Parkes rejoined his Regiment at

Balaklava from Odessa on 26th October 1855 (Crawford returned on 1st

December 1855). It is interesting to note that following his return from captivity,

Parkes was subject to a CourtMartial

at Scutari on 6th November 1855 in

accordance with the 30th clause of the Mutiny Act "having been assembled and

been duly sworn proceeded to enquire into the cause of absence of No 635 Pte

«b»Samuel Parkes«/b» of the 4th Light Dragoons taken prisoner near Balaklava on or

about 25th October 1854, and who did not return until 26th October 1855, when

he was exchanged". The Court found that Parkes "was not taken prisoner by the

enemy, through wilful neglect of duty on his part and that he returned as soon

as regularly exchanged and therefore recommended that the said Prisoner No

635 «b»Sameul Parkes«/b» of the 4th Light Dragoons receive the whole of the arrears of

pay that may be due to him."

The citation for the Victoria Cross appeared in the London Gazette of 27th

February 1857. It reads :(referring to Trumpeter Crawford) "His horse fell and

dismounted him and he lost his sword he was attacked by two cossacks, when

Pte «b»Samuel Parkes«/b», whose horse had been shot, saved his life by placing himself

between them and the Trumpet Major (by the date of the citation, Crawford had

been promoted) and drove them away with his sword. In attempting to follow

the Light Cavalry in the retreat they were attacked by six Russians whom Parkes

kept at bay, and retreated, fighting and defending the Trumpet Major until

deprived of his sword by a cut". Parkes was personally presented with his award

by Queen Victoria at an openair

ceremony in Hyde Park on 26th June 1857.

On 1st December 1857, Parkes was dischargedfrom the Army at Aldershot

"Free, at his own request after 24 years service" aged 44. In total, he had served

26 years, 121 days including

9 years and 5 months in India. On discharge, he

was described as "a good soldier", even though he was tried by a Regimental

Court Martial on 21st November 1848 and sentenced to 56 days imprisonment.

By November 1857, he had been awarded four Good Conduct badges.

After discharge, he was awarded a pension of 1 shilling and 1 penny per day

and, although stating he was returning toTamworth, he moved to London where

he lived for the rest of his life. In late 1857, he was sworn in as a Local At some

point, Parkes reported the loss of his Victoria Cross, and wasissued with a

replacement. His Ghuznee Medal, the Crimea Medal with clasps for Alma,

Balaklava & Sebastopol and his Turkish Crimea Medal together with both the

original andreplacement Victoria Crosses are now in the possession of the

Regiment.

On 13th February 1858, he married Ann Jeffry at St George's Church, Hanover

Square London. At the time of his death, his occupation is shown as "Inspector

of Hyde Park Constabulary". He died at Stanhope Gate, Hyde Park, London on

15th November 1864 aged 49. The cause of death is given as "Apoplexy", and he

was buried 4 days later in an unmarked grave in Brompton Cemetery. In May

1999, as a result of efforts by his greatgreat

nephew, Peter Elkin, a new marble

gravestone rededicating the grave was unveiled. Present were members of

Parkes' family, The Queen's Royal Hussars and its forebear Regiments as well as

Parkes' medals.

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LIVES OF THE LIGHT BRIGADE

The E.J. Boys Archive

Added 31.8.11

Private Samuel PARKES / PARKS - 635, 4th Light Dragoons

Birth & early life

Born at Wigginton, Tamworth, Staffordshire, and baptised in St Editha'sChurch, Tamworth on the 24th of December 1815, the son of Thomas and Lydia Parkes.

Enlistment

Enlisted at Tamworth, 30th of July 1832.

Age: 18.

Height: 6' 2".

Trade: Labourer.

Description: Fresh complexion. Grey eyes. Lt. brown hair.

Returned from India aboard the "Repulse", 27th of March 1842, having left Bombay 28 December 1841.

Taken prisoner of war at Balaclava after his horse had been shot under him. He was Orderly to Colonel Lord George Paget at the time.

Rejoined the regiment from Odessa, 22nd of October 1855.

A nominal roll of men of the regiment at the Cavalry Depot, Scutari, made out on 9th of November 1855, shows him as a Prisoner under sentence of Court-martial from 4 November.

See record of 1292 Joseph Armstrong for details of the courts-martial held on the returned prisoners of war.

Statement of Samuel Parkes to the Court:

"I was with the 4th Light Dragoons in the charge at Balaclava on the 25th of October 1854, and my horse was shot under me. I was at once surrounded, and made prisoner. I was sent by the Russians to Simpheropol, where I remained until being sent about 1200 miles up the country. I was kept there until August the 27th 1855, when together with the other prisoners I was sent to Odessa, from whence I was forwarded to Balaclava and reached that place on the 25th of October 1855."

Discharged from Aldershot, 1st of December 1857.

"Free to pension, at his own request, after 24 yearsservice."

Served 26 years 121 days. In Turkey and the Crimea, 1 year 10 months. India 9 years 5 months.

Aged 44 years 3 months on discharge.

Awarded a pension of 1/1d per day.

Conduct: "a good soldier" (though he was tried by a Regimental Court-martial on 21st November 1848, and sentenced to 56 days' imprisonment).

In possession of four Good Conduct badges by 18th of November 1857.

To live at Tamworth, Staffs, but he was living in the North London Pension District in 1860.

Next of kin (in 1854): Mother, Mrs. Lydia Parkes, living in Tamworth, Staffordshire.

Medals & commemorations

Entitled to the Crimean medal with clasps for Alma, Balaclava, and Sebastopol (but not shown on the medal roll for the last).

Awarded the Victoria Cross for saving the life of Trumpeter Crawford - he was decorated by Queen Victoria at a ceremony held in Hyde Park on 26th of June 1857.

From the citation for the Victoria Cross:

"London Gazette, 27th of February 1857. Referring to Crawford: His horse fell and dismounted him and he lost his sword; he was attacked by two Cossacks, when Private Samuel Parkes, whose horse had also been shot, saved his life by placing himself between them and the Trumpet-Major (Crawford and drove them away with his sword. In attempting to follow the Light Cavalry in the retreat, they were attacked by six Russians, whom Parkes kept at bay, and retired slowly, fighting and defending the Trumpet-Major until deprived of his sword by a cut."

The muster roll for the period shows him "On Service in Scinde", and from this and other known recipients, he was almost certainly entitled to the medal for Ghuznee. There are no extant rolls for this campaign. (See comment on this medal's existence in later paragraph.)

Further detailed medal information archived

See a photograph of a painting said to be of Parkes defending Trumpeter Hugh Crawford at Balaclava and so winning the V.C., the large original hanging in the Officer's Mess of the Queen's Royal Irish Hussars, but the artist is unknown.

In one of the two paintings (see photographs in the 4th Hussar files) showing the presentation by Queen Victoria of the Victoria Cross to those who were awarded it, at a ceremony held in Hyde Park on 26 June 1857, Parkes is the figure on the extreme left of the waiting line of recipients in this, but in the original picture now in the Royal Archives at Windsor Castle the last visible in line to him was Lieutenant Dunn of the 11th Hussars.

In the second, painted from the seating behind the presentation, he is just visible between the two Royal Princes on horse-back. Some 61 Crosses were presented to members of the forces on this occasion. (See record of Lieutenant Alexander Roberts Dunn of the 11th Hussars for antecedents of the artist who painted a picture of the scene and also a copy of the report of the presentation taken from "The Illustrated London News" for 4th of July 1857 in the 4th Hussar files.)

In an affidavit filed by him on 2nd of June 1863 and entered in the Cardigan-Calthorpe law-suit he affirmed that he "was formerly of Her Majesty's 4th Light Dragoons, and now Inspector of Hyde Park, stationed at Stanhope Gate, London":

"I was twenty-six years and four months in the service and I have got the Victoria Cross. I remember the charge of the Light Cavalry Brigade on the 25th of October 1854 at Balaclava. I acted as Orderly to Lord George Paget on that day, and took part in the charge.

I saw Lord Cardigan leave the Heavy Cavalry Brigade, ride through the right of our squadrons and heard him give orders to Lord George Paget that the Light Brigade should advance, and he ordered them to "Trot - Gallop." At the time the first line of our cavalry was about 250 yards in front of our line.

We then all charged, and as we passed the redoubts on our right and left they fired on us. When our line arrived past the redoubts and the smoke and dust had cleared away wesaw no sign of the first line and could not imagine what had become of them.

We continued our charge and reached the guns in front of us and got through them, cutting down the gunners and drivers and silencing the guns. Whilst we were so engaged we observed that the 11th Hussars were being cut up by the enemy and a number of the 4th Light Dragoons, together with Lord George Paget and myself, charged down to their support.

We then saw that the Russians had drawn back; but at the same time we saw a regiment of Lancers in our rear. Lord George Paget first thought they were the 17th Lancers, but in discovering they were the enemy's troops he called out to some officers near him, "Where is Lord Cardigan" and I then heard some-one (whom I have always thought to be Captain Lowe) say, "Lord Cardigan has gone back some time."

Lord George Paget then ordered us to get through the Russians in the best way we could and so we then retreated right through the Russian cavalry, who opened up right and left and let us pass, showing no resistance to us. When we were retreating and just after I had passed the first redoubt, my horse was shot and we were attacked by the Cossacks.

I defended myself for a long time, but at length, whilst so engaged with a Cossack, a shot struck the hilt of my sword and wounded my hand; two Russian officers galloped up and took me prisoner, taking me to General Liprandi.

Later that evening he sent for me again, with others, and asked us many questions relevant to our positions and strength and also asked me if we had been made drunk before the Charge. He further asked me if it was Lord Cardigan who went to the rear on a chestnut horse with white legs; we said "Yes," and he then said, "If he had not had a good horse, he would never have got back."

The water kegs, haversacks, etc., were taken from all the other prisoners, but the General then gave orders that mine should not be taken and nothing was taken from me except my scabbard and belt.

From the time we commencedto charge I did not see Lord Cardigan again until my return to England. He gave no order to our line except to 'Charge', as before stated."

He made no mention in this of his part, along with John Edden and Trumpeter Crawford, in their vain attempt to carry Major John Halkett (see his Record) of the regiment after the latter had been wounded.

Life after service

He is shown on a "List of persons appointed and sworn in to act as Local Constables within the Metropolitan Police District", 23rd of December 1857. He was then at Hampton CourtPalace in the parish of Hampton, County of Middlesex. (The Chelsea Out-Pensioners records show him as being appointed a "Warder at Hampton Court Palace" at the time of his discharge.) His warrant wascancelled on 7th of January 1858 and he was re-sworn in "To keep the peace within all of her Majesty's Parks and Gardens." This was most probably when he was appointed Inspector in Hyde Park. The second warrant was returned on 2nd of December 1864: "Man dead."

Enquiry of the present Metropolitan Police archives shows that they did not take over responsibility for the policing of Hyde Park until 1st of April 1867, and unfortunately none of the records of the original Royal Parks Constabulary have survived.

Journal of the Police History Society (Number 4, 1989): In an article on policemen who had served in the Light Brigade, the author, Martin D. D. Jones, Head of the History Dept at Brighton University and SP's great-great-great nephew, stated that Parkes was born at Wiggington, near Tamworth, and was baptised at St Editha's Church at Tamworth on the date already known. SP overstated his age to be 18 when he enlisted. Also stated was that he was the oldest Russian War V.C. winner and had married Ann Jeffrey at St. George's, Hanover Square, on 13th of February 1858. Both were shown as being "of full age," he a "Soldier" and she a "Spinster", both of "Oxford Street". His father as given as Thomas Parkes, a labourer, and hers as Jonathan Jeffrey, a farmer. The marriage was "after banns".

The 1841 Census Returns record a Jonathan Jeffrey, born at Fewston, an agricultural labourer, as living at Low Mill, Thurscross, Yorkshire, with his wife, Sarah, and four children, He was then aged 44, born at Fewston, his wife as 36, and born at Thurscross, and the children's ages ranging from 18 years to 6 months. There is no baptismal entry for the eldest child, Mary Ann (and assuming that she was the Ann Jeffrey who married Samuel Parkes) at Fewston, as there is for all the others.

By the time of the 1851 Census the father had died and his wife was shown as a widow, a shopkeeper, aged 46, living with Mary Ann, aged 25, a dressmaker, and Sarah Harrison, the second daughter, now 21, a widow, and her two children.

The 1861 Census Returns show him as living in West Lodge, Marble Arch, with his wife, Ann, but no family are shown. He was shown as being 45 years of age and his occupation as being that of a Hyde Park Constable, and she as aged 35. His place of birth was confirmed as Wiggington, Tamworth, and shows hers as Fewston, in the West Riding of Yorkshire.

Death & burial

According to his death certificate he died of "Apoplexy" (5 days) at Stanhope Gate, Hyde Park, London, on the 15th of November 1864, aged 49 years. His occupation was then shown as being "Inspector of Hyde Park Constabulary" and a "John Sneezum" was shown as being present at his death. This may well have been 1452 John Sneezum of the 11th Hussars. (See his record.) See also copy of Parkes's death certificate in the "Certificates" file.

He was buried in Brompton Cemetery, Fulham, on the 19th of November 1864. It is a common grave, Section R. (No. 39265) and no stone was erected. See photograph of the grave-site in the 4th Hussar file. (The spelling of his surname in the burial registers there is given as "Parks.")

An article relating to his service career life and death and the finding of his grave-site, appeared in the "Daily Telegraph" on the 30th of October 1997. Inaccurate in just about every detail, its only point of interest was that the merged successors of his original regiment intendto place a headstone over his grave. (See copy of the article in the 4th Hussar file.)

On 8th May of 1999 the dedication of a newly-erected grave-marker to him took place in Brompton Cemetery, and was attended by representatives of his greater family, an officer descendant of General Lord George Paget, regimental and other groups of an ex-military nature, as well as descendants of the family of John Edden who had been assisted by both Parkes and Crawford in a effort to save an officer of the regiment shortly before Parke's VC winning action. Because the grave space alsohaving been used for other burials, a full-size stone was not allowed and the marker was in the form of a marble slab placed flat on the ground, the inscription on it reading:

"Private Samuel Parkes, VC.

He served his Queen and country

for 26 years and 41 days with

the 4th LightDragoons.

He won his VC in the Charge of

the Light Brigade at Balaclava.

During his time of service he

was awarded the Ghuznee Medal,

the Crimean medal with the

3 clasps for Alma, Balaclava

and Sebastopol, also the Turkish

Crimean medal and the coveted

Victoria Cross. R.I.P."

These medals were brought from the now amalgamated regiment in Germany and were laid on the tablet in a glazed case during the service, but no regimental piper of trumpeter was present, the honour of the "Last Post" and "Reveille" being sounded by a sergeant-trumpeter of the Inns of Court Yeomanry regiment. It had been originally intended for a trumpeter from the Household Cavalry Division to have performed this,for some unknown reason this was cancelled. (See photographs of the grave and scenes at the service in the 4th Hussar file, as well as a copy of the Order of Service. and of the glazed cased containing his medal group)

It has now been learnt that the family responsible for this happening is descended from a brother, Henry. After Samuel's death, the VC decoration passed downthis family on the male side until the last known possession of it around the early 1900s, when contact with the then owner was lost and the whereabouts of the decoration not heard of until recently when it learnt it was in regimental possession.

A cavalry sword, believed by the family to have been the one he used in the Crimea, which has passed down the female side and still in family possession, was laid on the grave-marker at the time of the dedication service. (This latter belief cannot really be considered feasible though, as Samuel Parkes himself said that "he hadlost his sword after it had been struck on the hilt", and that after being taken prisoner of war his belt and scabbard had been taken from him. There is, of course, always the possibility that the sword may have been one he carried later on, and took with him on leaving the Army, as a number of others are known to have done.)

It was a family promise to a deceased relative that something would be done to recall his name and memory, and an exhibition set up in Stafford Castle in October 1991, which really started everything off. (Although the event itself, which had been hoped would bring in more information, failed to do so and it was dismantled.)

However, in 1994, an interview on the local radio station brought in a local researcher, who provided copies of various newspaper reports etc, of the time and led to contact with the regiment concerned. Having by now been amalgamated with other regiments and officers of the new regiments now beingin control at RHQ, they were seemingly unaware that a full record of everything known about Parkes existed in their archives and hence advised him to contact a person said to have been commissioned by the Army to trace him. (Possibly the same person who had "discovered" the grave in October of 1997, when in fact its location has been known of for at least thirty years.)

Although the regiment made the first contact with Brompton Cemetery authorities regarding the possible erection of a stone, it was the family that made the final arrangements, and paid for it. Permissionfor a full-size standing stone and/or kerb is not now given, only in a tablet form to be laid flush on the ground, so that it can be mown around. Although thought that Parkes was the sole occupant ofthe grave, it is now known that it was a common grave, he being buried at a depth of 10 feet, and that the site is filled to capacity.

Further information

"Wiggington honours Crimean War soldier Samuel Parkes

A memorial has been built to honour a Staffordshire soldier who saved the lives of two comrades during the Charge of the Light Brigade. Samuel Parkes of the 4th Light Dragoons was awarded the Victoria Cross for bravery for his actions during the Crimean War battle in 1854. Villagers have raised £14,000 for an obeliskin Wigginton to remember him and others who fought. His great, great, great nephew Peter Elkin said thanks to the village's efforts his relative would be remembered for generations to come."

www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-stoke-staffordshire-14725406 (accessed 30.8.11) [PB, 30.8.11]

See also

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Parkes_(VC)

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