Stamboom Roddenhof » Edward the Elder "The Unconquered" van Engeland (Edward the Elder "The Unconquered" van Engeland) xx (874-924)

Persoonlijke gegevens Edward the Elder "The Unconquered" van Engeland (Edward the Elder "The Unconquered" van Engeland) xx 

• Roepnaam Edward the Elder "The Unconquered" van Engeland.
• Hij is geboren in het jaar 874 in Wantage.
• (Notities) .

  King of the West Saxons, 899-924. King of the Mercians, ca. 918-924. The Unconquerored King," reigned 24 years from 900 to 924. He was not, like his father, a legislator or a scholar, although it is said that he founded the University of Cambridge, but he was great warrior. He gradually extended his sway over the whole island, in which project he was assisted by his sister the "Lady of Mercia" whoheaded her own troops and gained victories over both the Danes and Britons. Tradition assigns to Edward an even wider rule shortly before his death. In the middle of the ninth century the Picts and the Scots had been amalgamated under Kenneth MacAlpin, the King of the Scots, just as Mercia and Wessex were being welded together by the attacks of the Danes. In 925 the King of the Scots, together with other northern rulers, chose Edward "to father and lord." Probably this statement only covers some act of alliance formed by the English King with King of Scots and other lesser rulers. Nothing wasmore natural than that of the Scottish King, Constantine, should wish to obtain the support of Edward against his enemies; and it is natural that if Edward agreed to support him he would require someacknowledgment of the superiority of the English King. After a prosperous reign, King Edward died in Forndon, Northamptonshire. He succeeded his father about 901, and raised the supremacy of Wessex into something little short of an imperial authority, extending his sway over Mercia, East Anglia, and Northumbria. All but two of his charters give his title as "king of the Anglo-Saxons" /Anglorum Saxonum rex. He was the second king of the Anglo-Saxons as this title was created by Alfred. Edward's coinage reads "Eadvveard rex." The chroniclers record that all England "accepted Edward as lord" in 920. But the fact that York continued to produce its own coinage suggests that Edward's authority was not accepted in Northumbria. Edward's eponym "the Elder" was first used in Wulfstan's Life of St Æthelwold (tenth century) to distinguish him from the later King Edward the Martyr. Of the five children born to Alfred and Ealhswith who survived infancy, Edward was the second-born and the elder son. His parents married in 868 and his eldest sibling Æthelflæd was born soon afterwards as she was herself married in 883. Asser's Life of King Alfred reports that Edward was educated at court together with his youngest sister Ælfthryth. His second sister, Æthelgifu, was intended for a life in religion from an early age, perhaps due to ill health, and was later abbess of Shaftesbury. The youngest sibling, Æthelweard, was educated at a court school where he learned Latin, which suggests that he too was intended for a religious life. Edward and Ælfthryth, however, while they learned Old English, received a courtly education, and Asser refers to their taking part in the "pursuits of this present life which are appropriate to the nobility". The first appearance of Edward is in 892, in a charter granting land at North Newnton, near Pewsey in Wiltshire, to ealdorman Æthelhelm, where he is called filius regis, the king's son. Although he was the reigning king's elder son, Edward was notcertain to succeed his father. Until the 890s, the obvious heirs to the throne were Edward's cousins Æthelwold and Æthelhelm, sons of Æthelred, Alfred's older brother and predecessor as king. Æthelwold and Æthelhelm were around ten years older than Edward. Æthelhelm disappears from view in the 890s, seemingly dead, but a charter from that decade shows Æthelwold witnessing before Edward, and the order of witnesses is generally believed to relate to their status. As well as his greater age and experience, Æthelwold may have had another advantage over Edward where the succession was concerned. While Alfred's wife Ealhswith is never described as queen and was never crowned, Æthelwold and Æthelhelm's mother Wulfthryth was called queen. When Alfred died, Edward's cousin Æthelwold, the son of King Æthelred of Wessex, rose up to claim the throne and began Æthelwold's Revolt. He seized Wimborne, in Dorset, where his father was buried, and Christchurch, then in Hampshire, now in Dorset. Edward marched to Badbury and offered battle, but Æthelwold refused to leave Wimborne. Just when it looked as if Edward was going to attack Wimborne, Æthelwold left in the night, and joined the Danes in Northumbria, where he was announced as King. In the meantime, Edward is alleged to have been crowned at Kingston upon Thames on 8 June 900. In 901, Æthelwold came with a fleet to Essex, and encouraged the Danes in East Anglia to rise up. In the following year, he attacked Cricklade and Braydon. Edward arrived with an army, and after several marches, the two sides met at the Battle of Holme. Æthelwold and King Eohric of the East Anglian Danes were killed in the battle. Relations with the North proved problematic for Edward for several more years. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle mentions that he made peace with the East Anglian and Northumbrian Danes "of necessity". There is also a mention of the regaining of Chester in 907, which may be an indication that the city was taken in battle. In 909, Edward sent an army to harass Northumbria. In the following year, the Northumbrians retaliated by attacking Mercia, but they were met by the combined Mercian and West Saxon army at the Battle of Tettenhall, where the Northumbrian Danes were destroyed. From that point, they never raided south of the River Humber. Edward then began the construction of a number of fortresses (burhs), at Hertford, Witham and Bridgnorth. He built a fortress at Scergeat. This series of fortresses kept the Danes at bay. Other forts were built at Tamworth, Stafford, Eddisbury and Warwick. These burhs were built to the same specifications, within centimetres, as those within the territory that his father had controlled; it has been suggested on this basis that Edward actually built them all. Edward extended the control of Wessex over the whole of Mercia, East Anglia and Essex, conquering lands occupied by the Danes and bringing the residual autonomy of Mercia to an end in 918, after the death of his sister, Æthelflæd. Ætheflæd's daughter, Ælfwynn, was named as her successor, but Edward deposed her, bringing Mercia under his direct control. He had already annexed the cities of London and Oxford and the surrounding lands of Oxfordshire and Middlesex in 911. By 918, all of the Danes south of the Humber had submitted to him. By the end of his reign, the Norse, the Scots and the Welsh had acknowledged him as "father and lord". This recognition of Edward's overlordship in Scotland led to his successors' claims of suzerainty over that Kingdom. Edward reorganized the Church in Wessex, creating new bishoprics at Ramsbury and Sonning, Wells and Crediton. Despite this, there is little indication that Edward was particularly religious. The Pope delivered a reprimand to him to pay more attention to his religious responsibilities. He died leading an army against a Welsh-Mercian rebellion on 17 July 924 at Farndon-Upon-Dee and was buried in the New Minster in Winchester, Hampshire, which he himself had established in 901. After the Norman Conquest, the minster was replaced by Hyde Abbey to the north of the city and Edward's body was transferred there. His last resting place is currently marked by a cross-inscribed stone slab within the outline of the old abbey marked out in a public park. King Edward had about fourteen children from three marriages, and may have had illegitimate children too. Married 1) Ecgwynn in 893 Children:# Æthelstan #Alfred #Ecgwynn m Sihtric Cáech, King of Dublin and York #St. Edith/Eadgyth 897 -937. Ecgwynn/ Ecgwynna, was the first consort of Edward the Elder, later king of the English, by whom she bore the future King Æthelstan and a daughter who married Sihtric Cáech, Norse king of Dublin, Ireland and Northumbria. Not even her name is given in any sources until after the Norman Conquest. The first to record it is William of Malmesbury, who presents it in Latinised guise as Egwinna and who is in fact the principal source for her existence. When he became king in 899 married 2)Ælfflæd/Elfleda, daughter of Æthelhelm, ealdorman of Wiltshire. (sister of Aethelfrith of Wessex) Children: # Ælfweard briefly succeeded his father, but died two weeks later #Eadgifu m Charles the Simple # Eadflæd, nun at Wilton Abbey #Edwin Ætheling (902-933 drowned) # Ethelwerd/ Elfwerd 900 -924 #Ethelflaeda, Abbess of Romsey # Eadhild 908 - 937 # Eadhild m Hugh the Great, Duke of Paris # Ælfgifu m "a prince near the Alps" #Eadgyth m Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor #Elflaeda, nun at Winchester. Elfleda was probably put into a nunnery to allow Edward to marry, for her land assets, Married 3) 919 Eadgifu/ Edgina. Children: #Elgiva # Edmund # Eadred # Saint Edburga of Winchester # Eadgifu m Louis l'Aveugle #Editha Princess of England Edward is also reputed to have fathered an illegitimate son, Gregory, Abbot of Einsiedlen. Eadgifu outlived her husband and her sons, and was alive during the reign of her grandson, King Edgar.

• Hij is overleden op 17 juli 924 in Farndon, hij was toen 50 jaar oud.
• Een kind van Alfred de Grote Koning of Wessex koning van Wessex van 871 tot 899. en Ealswith van Gainas xx

Gezin van Edward the Elder "The Unconquered" van Engeland (Edward the Elder "The Unconquered" van Engeland) xx

(1) Hij heeft/had een relatie met Aelfflaed of Wiltshire.

Kind(eren):

1. Eadgifu (Edwige) van Wessex  903-951 

(2) Hij is getrouwd met Ædgifu of Kent.

Zij zijn getrouwd

Kind(eren):

1. Edmund I "The Magnificent" King of England  ± 922-946 

Heeft u aanvullingen, correcties of vragen met betrekking tot Edward the Elder "The Unconquered" van Engeland (Edward the Elder "The Unconquered" van Engeland) xx?
De auteur van deze publicatie hoort het graag van u!

Tijdbalk Edward the Elder "The Unconquered" van Engeland (Edward the Elder "The Unconquered" van Engeland) xx

Klik op de namen voor meer informatie. Gebruikte symbolen:  grootouders    ouders    broers/zussen    kinderen