Eberhard "Marquis de Frioul" (± 811-832) » Stamboom Homs

Persoonlijke gegevens Eberhard "Marquis de Frioul"

Alternatieve naam: Eberhard de Friuli
Roepnaam is Marquis de Frioul.
Hij is geboren rond 805 TO ABT 811.
Hij werd gedoopt in cannonized, Saint.
Alternatief: Hij werd gedoopt in cannonized, Saint.
Alternatief: Hij werd gedoopt in cannonized, Saint.
Beroepen:

in Margrave of Friuli.
.
{geni:job_title} Duc, de Frioul, 835, Comte, de Vitry-en-Artois
.
{geni:job_title} Comte, de Sulichgau, 888
.
in Marquis of Friuli.
.
in Count Of Burgandy.
.
.
.
{geni:job_title} Unknown GEDCOM info: Markgreve Unknown GEDCOM info: 0
.
{geni:job_title} Hertug av Flandern
rond 828 TO 16-12-866 Cividale, Lombardia, Italy in Marca del Friuli.
{geni:current} 0
{geni:job_title} Marchese
rond 835 TO 16-12-866 in Corte di Cysoing.
{geni:current} 0
{geni:job_title} Signore

Hij is overleden op 16 DEC 866 TO ABT 832 in Italy.
Hij is begraven rond 867 in Abbey of St CalixtusCysoing, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France.
Een kind van Unruoch av Ternois en Engeltrude
Deze gegevens zijn voor het laatst bijgewerkt op 12 februari 2012.

Gezin van Eberhard "Marquis de Frioul"

Hij is getrouwd met Gisèle / Gisela of the West Franks.

Zij zijn getrouwd rond 825 TO ABT 954 te France.

Kind(eren):

Berengar I re d'Italia re d'Italia ± 845-924
Ingeltrude of Fruilia, Empress ± 836-± 867
Unruoch marchese di Friulia marchese di Friulia ± 840-± 940
Helwise (Heilwig Hedwige) di Friuli ± 826-± 913

Notities over Eberhard "Marquis de Frioul"

Name Prefix: Marquis Name Suffix: Count of Sulichgau

Name Prefix: Count

Eberhard var markgreve eller hertug av Friuli. Han var sønn til en frankisk adelsmann og bror til hertug Berengar av Septimanien som døde i 835. Angivelig var han sønnesønn til Desiderius, longobardenes høvding. Eberhard kom til Italien ca. 830 og fikk før 836 den orientalske mark. Som Lothars vasall forvaltet han markgrevskapet Friuli og hadde store gods i områdene ved mitre og nedre Maas i Flandern. Han tilhørte rikets mest ansette menn, kjent for sin gjestfrihet. Eberhard holdt hoff i Cividale og i sitt slott Musetre, hvor han samlet sin tids lærde menn. Sedulio Scota var sanger ved hans familiebegivenheter. I (Wiener) Jahrbuch für vaterland Geschichte nevnes ?Fünf Gedichte des Sedilius an der Markgraf von Friaul?. Han var tilstede ved riksdagen i Diedenhofen i mai 836 og møtte i 842 i Clamey ved Yonne hos Lothar som utsending. Eberhard var frankernes seierrike fører i kampene mot slavere og sarasenere. Eberhard stiftet klosteret Cyssoing ved Ryssel i Flandern i 854 som ble hans siste hvilested.

[s2.FTW]

[Brøderbund WFT Vol. 2, Ed. 1, Tree #1241, Date of Import: May 8, 1997]

!MARQUIS OF FRIULI[Brøderbund WFT Vol. 2, Ed. 1, Tree #1241, Date of Import: May 8, 1997]

!MARQUIS OF FRIULI

Basic Life Information

Eberhard of Friuli

Eberhard (c. 815 - 16 December 866) was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846. He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar.

He inherited the title of Duke of Friuli from his father Unruoch II. His mother was Engeltrude, possibly a daughter of Beggo of Paris and Alpais.

His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, or Eberard, from the Latin Everardus, Eberardus, or Eberhardus. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus".

A Note on Notability

"Saint Evrard, Duke of Frioul and son-in-law of Louis le Débonaire, was one of the principal personages of the Carolingian period. As his name belongs to a great history, our region could, in right name, be re-vindicated as one of his glories. Cysoing, above all, has the right to call itself Saint Evrard's village. The past of Saint Evrard and of the village of Cysoing are themselves intimately tied such that it is impossible to separate them. One would excuse us for therefore reuniting them."

So reads the preface of an ecclesiatic work on Evrard and Cysoing. There was a "flurry" of research and publishing associated with the discovery of Evrard's body at Cysoing early in the twentieth century--this "flurry" was mostly limited to Lille/Roubaix and within elements of the Church.

Family

Evrard was from an illustrious Frankish family.

Children

Children (with Gisela)
Eberhard (c. 837 - 840)
Ingeltrude (837 or 840 - 870), probably married Henry of Franconia
Unruoch III (c.840 - 874)
Bèrenger (c.840 - 924), King of Italy
Adélard (d. 874)
Rudolf (d. 892)
Heilwig (d. 895)
Gisèle (d. 863)
Judith of Friuli, first married Arnulf I of Bavaria, second married Conrad II of Auxerre

Disputed Parentage

Paternity Theories

His father was Unruoch II.
"His father was Bèrenger, the son of Count Unroch."
"After other authors, Unroch, the grandfather of Saint Evrard, should have been the Duke of Frioul."
"Alas, some have written that Saint Evrard had for his father Carloman I, the brother of Charlemagne."
"His grandfather was, it is said, the Count Unroch who was leaving the court of Charlemagne and signatory to the will of the emperor."

Maternity Theories

His mother was Engeltron of Paris, a daughter of Begue, Count of Paris and Aupals.
"As for his mother, she was, Buzelin says, the daughter of Didier, king of the Lombards."

Education

Saint Evrard lived in the ninth century. He was born under the reign of Charlemagne and died under that of Charles the Bald.

Saint Evrard was elevated to the court of Charlemagne and of Louis the Débonaire. He took his education at the Palace School founded by Charlemagne and organized by Alcuin, where he studied from the medieval programs known as the trivium and the quadrivium. There he got a taste of the letters and sciences, at the same time that he developed his famous piety.

It is without doubt that it was at the Palace School that Saint Evrard began to build the rich library of which he enumerates the books with so much care in his will.

Warlike Exploits and Role as Mediator Under Louis le Débonaire

As soon as his age permitted him to carry arms, Saint Evrard took part in numerous military expeditions. Named Duke of Frioul and Count or Marquis de Trévise, in Italy, he defended his country against invasion by the Bulgars and managed to completely drive these new barbarians from the peninsula--825-830.

He rendered service unto Louis le Débonaire that was still more distinguished. During the tragic years (830-839) where the emperor had suffered at the hand of his son's revolt the most indignified treatment, Count Evrard remained inviolably loyal.

He exercised his influence in Lothair's sphere (the elder son of the emperor) to bring about a reconciliation between father and son. It is certain that it was on his council in 839, that Lothaire went to Worms to implore the pardon of his father.

Marriage and Life at Cysoing

In return for his services, the emperor Louis le Débonaire gave Count Evrard the highest honor possible: the hand of his (acknowledged) daughter, the Princess Gisèle, in marriage.

The Princess Gisèle, a woman of piety and virtue, was the daughter of Louis le Débonaire and his second wife, the empress Judith.

Among the rich domains the Princess brought with her in her dowry, Count Evrard found the fisc of Cysoing.

One gives the name fisc, in this age, to large, rural properties separate from the royal domains; that is, to sorts of farms with a residence for the master and homes for settlers.

The Royal Fisc of Cysoing, situated at the center of the country of Pèvele, was one of the most beautiful in the region. The stay seemed so agreeable to Saint Evrard and the Princess Gisèle that they made it one of their regular residences.

The castle which they inhabited was without doubt the same as that of the lords of Cysoing in following centuries. It found itself part of a magnificent property, surrounded by water, that actually belongs to the family Bigo-Vanderhagen. The farming ditches were marked in the oldest documents. It is not rash to think these were dug in Saint Evrard's time, or perhaps even earlier.

Already, in the century before (in 752), the little hamlet established on the royal fisc of Cysoing has been made famous through the martyrdom of Saint Arnoul.

Saint Arnoul, a courageous warrior, who was, it is said, the father of Godefroid, Bishop of Cambrai-Arras, had been attached to the court of a noble lord, his relative. "His virtues and his merits were so radiant that God accorded his prayers more than one miracle during his life. He became even more glorious through his martyrdom." He was so devoted to his master that he eventually died for him thus attaining martyrdom.

Saint Arnoul was already honored at Cysoing when Saint Evrard and Princess Gisèle went to take possession of their domain. His relics were conserved there. Cysoing, of this age, has therefore a church, or less a chappel that was without doubt the same chappel as the royal fisc.

Foundation of the Abbey at Cysoing

Saint Evrard, at Cysoing, had a chaplain named Walgaire. They (Evrard and Gisèle) decided to found a monastery at Cysoing. The project was long and difficult, and was not complete at the time of Evrard's or Gisèle's deaths. The monastery was initially made in honor of Saint Saveur and Mary (mother of Jesus, not Magdalene). The religious lived there under canon law in a community with all the rigors of the cloister. Their special function was singing solemnly in the church. They maintained public prayer. Saint Evrard was known to enjoy singing with the choir.

After his later campaigns in the defense of Italy, the remains of Pope Callixtus I were reinterred in the Abbey at Cysoing.

Character

Saint Evrard, himself, has organized his home in a way so perfectly that it was more like a monastery than a castle. He was seconded in this task by his pious wife, Gisèle, who dedicated herself to the education of their many children. The poor and ill were sure of finding not only banal security at Cysoing, but also help and protection. The social question of the time, that of serfs, also preoccupied Saint Evrard. He had freed a good number. In their testimony, he expressly refrained from impeding their liberty. He never forgot those who he didn't free, and tried to improve their lots. Though he was a courageous and formidable, he worked all his life for peace. His private vertues were no less remarkable. In his elevated position, he strove to preserve modisty and humility, to avoid spleandour and arrogance. His zeal for the glory of God, to spread the Truth, to convert the infidels, was celebrated throughout the Church. Alas, his piety, his taste for ceremonies of worship, he devotion to the saints, his respect for the precious relics was apparent in his every act.

Pacifier

Saint Evrard's activity was not limited to the royal fisc of Cysoing, as he involved himself freely with matters of other domaines and the empire in general. Emperor Louis the Debonaire went to die (840) and the war, a cruel war without mercy, exploded between the Emperor Lothaire and his two brothers, Louis le Germanique and Charles the Bald. Saint Evrard strongly deplored this fighting/battling and fratricide and made all efforts to bring it to an end. After the bloody battle of Fontenay (25 June 841), he left the ambassadorial envoy of Lothaire near that of Lothaire's brothers for peace negotiations. The preparatory conference took place in 842 at Milin, near Châlons in Champagne. It was decided to divide the empire between the three brothers. The negotiators, among which Evrard could be found, were charged with making the partitioning equitable/fair. It was not before August of 843 that they presented their report to the three kings at Verdun.

Wars with the Saracens

The negotiations ended and peace was re-established between the three brothers, Saint Evrard left in haste for Italy. Italy was under threat from "African Saracens". These Saracens had been named as helpers, in 842, by the Duke of Bénévent and they would soon become a threat to regimes throughout the peninsula. They menaced Rome and pillaged it many times. Saint Evrard, in his station as Duke of Frioul, was made a captain/leader of the resistance. The war wore on for several years and ended in 851 with the defeat of the Saracens.

"Evrard has a reputation for being both a courageous soldier and able leader throughout these battles. In the tradition of Charlemagne, Evrard forced the vanquished to convert to Christianity, meritoriously teaching them the Gospel, himself."

Testament and Death

Sometime after this solemnity, Saint Evrard returned to Italy. We find him in 858 among the ambassadors who the emperor Louis le Jeune, son of Lothaire, sent to Ulm, near his uncle Louis le Germanique. After this date, we know nothing more about Saint Evrard until his Testimony, a very interesting/curious/strange document, whose authenticity is certain and in which we are given information on the life of Saint Evrard. This Testimony was made in Italy, at Musiestro Castle, in the county of Trévise, in 867. Evrard and his consort meticulously recorded not only their lands and possessions within a prepared will, but the identities and relationships of family members and neighboring royals. With the agreement of his spouse, Princess Gisèle, Saint Evrard portioned his goods among his seven children.

The eldest, Unroch, got all properties in Lombardy and Germany. the second, Bèrenger, got Annappes with its dedepencencies less Gruson and the other properties in the Hesbaye and in the Condrost. The third, Adélard, got the lands of Cysoing, Camphin, Gruson and Somain, with charges and respects of all the properties of the Abbey in these regions. The fourth, Rodolphe, got Vitry-en-Artois and Mestucha, except for the church at Vitry which was given with the Abbey at Cysoing.

The three daughters of Saint Evrard, Ingletrude, Judith and Heilwich, got various other domains : Ermen, Marshem, Balghingham, Heliwsheim, Hostrenheim, Luisinga, Wendossa, Engerresteim. Saint Evrard had another daughter who carried the name of Gisèle, her mother. But she was dead at the time of his testimony. The testimony split equally the jewels and ornaments of the saint, the precious objects of his chappel and the books of his library. It is dated 867, the 28th year of the reign of Lothaire's son, Louis le Jeune. Saint Evrard died the same year, 16 December.

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eberhard_of_Friuli>

Evrard
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Contents [hide]
1 A note on notability
2 Family
2.1 Children (with Princess Gisèle)
2.2 Siblings
2.3 Disputed parentage
2.4 Grandparents
3 Education
4 Warlike exploits and role as mediator under Louis le Débonaire
5 Marriage to the Princess Gisèle; their stay at Cysoing
6 Founding of the Abbey at Cysoing
7 Virtues of Saint Evrard
8 Saint Evrard, Pacifier
9 Versus the Saracens (North African Muslims)
10 Renaming of Saint Evrard in the Church
11 Saint Evrard's last years; his will; his death
12 Division of properties/inheritances
13 Footnotes
14 References
15 Print
16 External links

Saint Evrard was a soldier in the court of Charlemagne--he was instrumental in the politics of the day. He resided near present-day Lille, France (Cysoing is a village of Lille metro), and was Duke of Frioul (Italian: Friuli, French: Frioul) from 846 to 863 (he inherited the title from his father[1]).

He had a relationship with the theologian Gottschalk. Other known associates included Raban Maur, Archbishop Hincmar of Reims, and Sedulius Scottus.[2]

An alternative spelling of this name is "Erhard". Also "Everardus" "Eberardus" "Eberard" "Eberhardus" "Eberhard". He wrote his own name "EWRARDUS".[2]

He died 16 December 867.[3] His feast day is 16 December.[2]

[edit] A note on notability
"Saint Evrard, Duke of Frioul and son-in-law of Louis le Débonaire, was one of the principle personages of the Carolingian period. As his name belongs to a great history, our region could, in right name, be re-vindicated as one of his glories. Cysoing, above all, has the right to call itself Saint Evrard's village. The past of Saint Evrard and of the village of Cysoing are themselves intimately tied such that it is impossible to separate them. One would excuse us for therefore reuniting them."[3]

So reads the preface of an ecclesiatic work on Evrard and Cysoing. There was a "flurry" of research and publishing associated with the discovery of Evrard's body at Cysoing early in the twentieth century--this "flurry" was mostly limited to Lille/Roubaix and within elements of the Church.

[edit] Family
Evrard was from an illustrious Frankish family.[4]

[edit] Children (with Princess Gisèle)
Eberhard (c.837 – 840)
Ingeltrude (837 or 840 – 870), probably married Henry of Franconia
Unruoch III (c.840 – 874)
Bèrenger (c.840 – 924), King of Italy
Adélard (d.874)
Rudolf (d.892)
Heilwig (d. 895)
Gisèle (d.863)
Judith (disambiguation), first married Arnulf I of Bavaria, second married Conrad II of Auxerre

[edit] Siblings
Eberhard's brother was Berengar the Wise.

[edit] Disputed parentage
Father:

Theory 1: His father was Unruoch II.[1]
Theory 2a: "His father was Bèrenger, the son of Count Unroch."[3]
Theory 2b: "After other authors, Unroch, the grandfather of Saint Evrard, should have been the Duke of Frioul."[3]
Theory 3: "Alas, some have written that Saint Evrard had for his father Carloman, the brother of Charlemagne."[3]
Mother:

His mother was Engeltron of Paris, a daughter of Begue, Count of Paris and Aupals.[1]
"As for his mother, she was, Buzelin says, the daughter of Didier, king of the Lombards."[3]

[edit] Grandparents
"His grandfather was, it is said, the Count Unroch who was leaving the court of Charlemagne and signatory to the will of the emperor."[3]

(Review Theories 2a and 2b from Disputed Parentage.)

[edit] Education
Saint Evrard lived in the ninth century. He was born under the reign of Charlemagne and died under that of Charles the Bald.

Saint Evrard was elevated to the court of Charlemagne and of Louis the Débonaire. He took his education at the Palace School founded by Charlemagne and organized by Alcuin, where he studied from the medieval programs known as the trivium and the quadrivium. There he got a taste of the letters and sciences, at the same time that he developed his famous piety.[3]

It is without doubt that it was at the Palace School that Saint Evrard began to build the rich library of which he enumerates the books with so much care in his will.[5][6]

[edit] Warlike exploits and role as mediator under Louis le Débonaire
As soon as his age permitted him to carry arms, Saint Evrard took part in numerous military expeditions.[7] Named Duke of Frioul and Count or Marquis[8] de Trévise, in Italy, he defended his country against invasion by the Bulgars and managed to completely drive these new barbarians from the peninsula--825-830.[3]

He rendered service unto Louis le Débonaire that was still more distinguished. During the tragic years (830-839) where the emperor had suffered at the hand of his son's revolt the most indignified treatment, Count Evrard remained inviolably loyal.[3]

He exercised his influence in Lothair's sphere (the elder son of the emperor) to bring about a reconciliation between father and son. It is certain that it was on his council in 839, that Lothaire went to Worms to implore the pardon of his father.[9]

[edit] Marriage to the Princess Gisèle; their stay at Cysoing
In return for his services, the emperor Louis le Débonaire gave Count Evrard the highest honor possible: the hand of his (aknowledged) daughter, the Princess Gisèle, in marriage.

The Princess Gisèle, a woman of piety and virtue[3], was the daughter of Louis le Débonaire and his second wife, the empress Judith.[9]

Among the rich domains the Princess brought with her in her dowry, Count Evrard found the fisc of Cysoing.

One gives the name fisc, in this age, to large, rural properties separate from the royal domains; that is, to sorts of farms with a residence for the master and homes for settlers.[10]

The Royal Fisc of Cysoing, situated at the center of the country of Pèvele, was one of the most beautiful in the region. The stay seemed so agreeable to Saint Evrard and the Princess Gisèle that they made it one of their regular residences.[3]

The castle which they inhabited was without doubt the same as that of the lords of Cysoing in following centuries. It found itself part of a magnificent property, surrounded by water, that actually belongs to the family Bigo-Vanderhagen. The farming ditches were marked in the oldest documents.[11] It is not rash to think these were dug in Saint Evrard's time, or perhaps even earlier.[3]

Already, in the century before (in 752), the little hamlet established on the royal fisc of Cysoing has been made famous through the martyrdom of Saint Arnoul.[3]

Saint Arnoul, a courageous warrior, who was, it is said, the father of Godefroid, Bishop of Cambrai and Arras, had been attached to the court of a noble lord, his relative. "His virtues and his merits were so radiant that God accorded his prayers more than one miracle during his life. He became even more glorious through his martyrdom."[3] He was so devoted to his master that he eventually died for him[12] thus attaining martyrdom.[3]

Saint Arnoul was already honored at Cysoing when Saint Evrard and Princess Gisèle went to take possession of their domain. His relics were conserved there. Cysoing, of this age, has therefore a church, or less a chappel that was without doubt the same chappel as the royal fisc.[3]

[edit] Founding of the Abbey at Cysoing
Saint Evrard, at Cysoing, had a chaplain named Walgaire.[3] They (Evrard and Gisèle) decided to found a monastery at Cysoing. The project was long and difficult, and was not complete at the time of Evrard's or Gisèle's deaths. The monastery was initially made in honor of Saint Saveur and Mary (mother of Jesus, not Magdalene). The religious lived there under canon law in a community with all the rigors of the cloister. Their special function was singing solemnly in the church. They maintained public prayer. Saint Evrard was known to enjoy singing with the choir.[3]

After his later campaigns in the defense of Italy, the remains of Pope Callixtus I were reinterred in the Abbey at Cysoing.[3][2]

[edit] Virtues of Saint Evrard
Saint Evrard, himself, has organized his home in a way so perfectly that it was more like a monastery than a castle. He was seconded in this task by his pious wife, Gisèle, who dedicated herself to the education of their many children. The poor and ill were sure of finding not only banal security at Cysoing, but also help and protection. The social question of the time, that of serfs, also preoccupied Saint Evrard. He had freed a good number. In their testimony, he expressly refrained from impeding their liberty. He never forgot those who he didn't free, and tried to improve their lots. Though he was a courageous and formidable, he worked all his life for peace. His private vertues were no less remarkable. In his elevated position, he strove to preserve modisty and humility, to avoid spleandour and arrogance. His zeal for the glory of God, to spread the Truth, to convert the infidels, was celebrated throughout the Church. Alas, his piety, his taste for ceremonies of worship, he devotion to the saints, his respect for the precious relics was apparent in his every act.[3]

[edit] Saint Evrard, Pacifier
Saint Evrard's activity was not limited to the royal fisc of Cysoing, as he involved himself freely with matters of other domaines and the empire in general. Emperor Louis the Debonaire went to die (840) and the war, a cruel war without mercy, exploded between the Emperor Lothaire and his two brothers, Louis le Germanique and Charles the Bald. Saint Evrard strongly deplored this fighting/battling and fratricide and made all efforts to bring it to an end. After the bloody battle of Fontenay (25 June 841), he left the ambassadorial envoy of Lothaire near that of Lothaire's brothers for peace negotiations. The preparatory conference took place in 842 at Milin, near Châlons in Champagne. It was decided to divide the empire between the three brothers. The negotiators, among which Evrard could be found, were charged with making the partitioning equitable/fair. It was not before August of 843 that they presented their report to the three kings at Verdun.[3]

[edit] Versus the Saracens (North African Muslims)
The negotiations ended and peace was re-established between the three brothers, Saint Evrard left in haste for Italy. Italy was under threat from "African Saracens". These Saracens[3] had been named as helpers, in 842, by the Duke of Bénévent and they would soon become a threat to regimes throughout the peninsula. They menaced Rome and pillaged it many times. Saint Evrard, in his station as Duke of Frioul, was made a captain/leader of the resistance. The war wore on for several years and ended in 851 with the defeat of the Saracens.

"Evrard has a reputation for being both a courageous soldier and able leader throughout these battles. In the tradition of Charlemagne, Evrard forced the vanquished to convert to Christianity, meritoriously teaching them the Gospel, himself."[3]

[edit] Renaming of Saint Evrard in the Church
Saint Evrard had played a large role in this victory. A large service was held in his honor by the Church and his country. In this way his name had come to be celebrated in all of Christianity. The most pious Prelats and the most illustrious members of the Church sought his friendship....[3]

[edit] Saint Evrard's last years; his will; his death
Sometime after this solemnity, Saint Evrard returned to Italy. We find him in 858 among the ambassadors who the emperor Louis le Jeune, son of Lothaire, sent to Ulm, near his uncle Louis le Germanique. After this date, we know nothing more about Saint Evrard until his Testimony, a very interesting/curious/strange document, whose authenticity is certain and in which we are given information on the life of Saint Evrard... This Testimony was made in Italy, at Musiestro Castle, in the county of Trévise, in 867. With the agreement of his spouse, Princess Gisèle, Saint Evrard portioned his goods among his seven children.[3]

[edit] Division of properties/inheritances
The eldest, Unroch, got all properties in Lombardy and Germany. the second, Bèrenger, got Annappes with its dedepencencies less Gruson and the other properties in the Hesbaye and in the Condrost. The third, Adélard, got the lands of Cysoing, Camphin, Gruson and Somain, with charges and respects of all the properties of the Abbey in these regions. The fourth, Rodolphe, got Vitry-en-Artois and Mestucha, except for the church at Vitry which was given with the Abbey at Cysoing.[3]

The three daughters of Saint Evrard, Ingletrude, Judith and Heilwich, got various other domains : Ermen, Marshem, Balghingham, Heliwsheim, Hostrenheim, Luisinga, Wendossa, Engerresteim. Saint Evrard had another daughter who carried the name of Gisèle, her mother. But she was dead at the time of his testimony. The testimony split equally the jewels and ornaments of the saint, the precious objects of his chappel and the books of his library. It is dated 867, the 28th year of the reign of Lothaire's son, Louis le Jeune. Saint Evrard died the same year, 16 December.[3]

[edit] Footnotes
^ a b c The Royal Ancestry Bible Royal Ancestors of 300 Colonial American Families by Michel L. Call (charts 1986 & 2022) ISBN 1-933193-22-7
^ a b c d Belgian and Celtic Saints (French)
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab "Saint Evrard : Fondateur de L'Abbaye de Cysoing : Son Culte & Ses Reliques" by Abbott Jules BATAILLE (1902)
^ Sources : Chevalier. Répertoires des sources historiques au mot Eberhard. Don Boquet. Rerum gallicarum et francicarum scriptores T. VII ; Acta sanctorum VIeme volume d'Octobre. --Buzelin Gallo-Flandria I 102 ; III, 107-109 usw
^ voir plus loin page 12
^ Translator : "C'est sans doute à l'Ecole du palais que saint Evrard commença à se composer cette riche bibliothèque dont il énumère les livres avec tant de soin dans son testament."
^ Les Sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan, p. 14
^ Les Sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan, p. 14 -- Rerum gallicarum et francicarum scriptores usw
^ a b Les Sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan
^ Les sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan p.11
^ Rapports de la baronnie de Cysoing 1392, 1455, 1595. Archives départementales. Etat général 81, 82, 88.
^ Acta sanctorum II p. 971. Cartul. de Cys. p. 768, 905, 914, 919.

[edit] References

[edit] Print
The Royal Ancestry Bible Royal Ancestors of 300 Colonial American Families by Michel L. Call (charts 1986 & 2022) ISBN 1-933193-22-7
Bataille, Jules (1902). Saint Evrard : Fondateur de L'Abbaye de Cysoing : Son Culte & Ses Reliques. Imprimerie Alred Reboux.

I do not have verification on all information that you have downloaded. Please feel free to contact me @ (XXXXX@XXXX.XXX) for errors/corrections/ or any additional information, especially if you are willing to share information

[3771] WSHNGT.ASC file (Geo Washington Ahnentafel) # 557966962 = 139937394

Rootsweb Feldman
URL: http://worldconnect.genealogy.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3044567&id=I18051
# ID: I18051
# Name: Eberhard FRIULI 1 2 3 4 5
# Sex: M
# Birth: ABT 865 1 2 3 4 5
# Change Date: 15 JAN 2004 5
# Change Date: 8 NOV 2001 2 3 4 5
# Note:

[Joanne's Tree.1 GED.GED]

2 SOUR S332582
3 DATA
4 TEXT Date of Import: 14 Jan 2004

Father: Margrave of Friuli HUNROCK*** b: 840
Mother: Ava b: ABT 840 in X

Marriage 1 Spouse Unknown

Children

1. Has Children Judith of FRIULI b: 894 in Friuli, Italy

Sources:

1. Title: daveanthes.FTW
Note: ABBR daveanthes.FTW
Note: Source Media Type: Other
Repository:
Call Number:
Media: Book
Text: Date of Import: 14 Jan 2004
2. Title: daveanthes.FTW
Note: ABBR daveanthes.FTW
Note: Source Media Type: Other
Repository:
Call Number:
Media: Book
Text: Date of Import: Jan 13, 2004
3. Title: Spare.FTW
Repository:
Call Number:
Media: Other
Text: Date of Import: Jan 18, 2004
4. Title: Spare.FTW
Repository:
Call Number:
Media: Other
Text: Date of Import: 21 Jan 2004
5. Title: Joanne's Tree.1 GED.GED
Repository:
Call Number:
Media: Other
Text: Date of Import: Feb 6, 2004

Rootsweb Feldman
URL: http://worldconnect.genealogy.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3044567&id=I04627
# ID: I04627
# Name: Eberhard of SAXONY 1 2 3 4 5
# Sex: M
# Title: Duke of Friuli
# Birth: ABT 816 in Friuli, Italia 1 2 3 4 5
# Death: 16 OCT 862 in Italy 1 2 3 4 5
# Burial: Cysoing 1 2 3 4 5
# Ancestral File #: 9GW6-88
# Change Date: 15 JAN 2004 5
# Change Date: 6 OCT 2001 2 3 4 5
# Note:

[Joanne's Tree.1 GED.GED]

2 SOUR S332582
3 DATA
4 TEXT Date of Import: 14 Jan 2004

[daveanthes.FTW]

EVEN
TYPE Title (Facts Pg)
PLAC Margrave di Friuli - 'Unrrochinger'
EVEN
TYPE Title (Facts Pg)
PLAC 'Saint'

TITL Final.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Feb 1, 1999
TITL Final.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Feb 1, 1999

OCCU Saint; Duke de Friuli ..
SOUR HAWKINS.GED says ABT 810, Italy; www.rootsweb.com/gumby says ABT 800, Saxony,
Germany; members.aol.com/sargen3 says ABT 800, Saxony, Germany
SOUR HAWKINS.GED says 16 Dec 862
Royalty for Commoners, Roderick W. Stuart, p. 139 says 864/866
Royalty for Commoners, Roderick W. Stuart, p. 196, 274
PAGE 8
QUAY 0
SOUR Royalty for Commoners, Roderick W. Stuart
PAGE 196,274
QUAY 1
Marquis de Frioul - BAIL3.GED (Compuserve), 145; Margrave of Friuli - Royalty
for Commoners, Roderick W. Stuart, p. 75; Marquis of Friuli - p. 139, 198, 242
,268

GIVN Eberhard Duke of
SURN Friuli
AFN 9GW6-88
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 17:47:06

GIVN Eberhard of
SURN Friuli
NSFX *

DATE 18 JUL 2000

Father: Hunrock of Udine FRIULI b: ABT 770 in Fruili (Lombard Province)
Mother: Engeltron of PARIS b: ABT 782 in in Paris, France

Marriage 1 Gisele Princess of FRANCE b: 818 in Frankfurt, Hesse Nassau, France

* Married: 836 in France

Children

1. Has Children Hedwige Duchess of SAXONY b: ABT 831 in of, Germany
2. Has Children Margrave of Friuli HUNROCK*** b: 840
3. Has Children Berenger I of ITALY b: 850 in Friuli, Italy ?(Marquis and Duke of Friuli)
4. Has Children Hawise DE FRIULI b: ABT 854

Sources:

1. Title: daveanthes.FTW
Note: ABBR daveanthes.FTW
Note: Source Media Type: Other
Repository:
Call Number:
Media: Book
Text: Date of Import: 14 Jan 2004
2. Title: daveanthes.FTW
Note: ABBR daveanthes.FTW
Note: Source Media Type: Other
Repository:
Call Number:
Media: Book
Text: Date of Import: Jan 13, 2004
3. Title: Spare.FTW
Repository:
Call Number:
Media: Other
Text: Date of Import: Jan 18, 2004
4. Title: Spare.FTW
Repository:
Call Number:
Media: Other
Text: Date of Import: 21 Jan 2004
5. Title: Joanne's Tree.1 GED.GED
Repository:
Call Number:
Media: Other
Text: Date of Import: Feb 6, 2004

Royalty for Commoners - Stuart, p.140

#Générale#inhumation : Cysoing 59

#Générale#Profession : Marquis de Frioul
Décès : ou 862 ou encore 864

#Générale##Générale#s:James Dow

{geni:occupation} Comte, de Sulichgau, 888, Count of FRIULI / Frankish Duke of Friuli, 860 - 939

{geni:about_me} Eberhard von Sulichgau. greve

--------------------

Died : eft 888

------------------------------

http://www.american-pictures.com/genealogy/persons/per09445.htm

Eberhard Count of Sulichgau

Born :Abt. 865Friuli, Italy

Died :Aft 888-

Age : 23

Ref. : 95

FatherUnruoch III Count of Friuli

Mother

Marriage?

Children894 - Judith of Sulichgau

--------------------

*Eberhard (Everard) Marquis of Friuli born about 0800 Fruili, Italy died 16 December 0862

spouse:

*Gisela Princess of France and the West born about 0818 Frankfurt, Hesse, Nassau, Germany died 1 July 0874

children:

*Heilwise of Friuli died 0936

*Berenger I Marquis of Ivrea King of Italy Holy Roman Emperor born about 0842 died 7 April 0924 Verona, Italy

*Hunroch (Unroch) III Margrave of Friuli born about 0840 Fruili, Italy died 0874

*Ermenfroi d'Amiens born about 0844 Friuli, Italy

*Judith of Friuli born about 0835 died after 0902

*Ingeltrud von Friuli

Eberhard, of Friuli, Marquis, Margrave was born circa 815 and died 16 December 866. Alternate spellings of his name are: Everard, Evrard, Erhard, Eberhard, or Eberard. He spelled it, "Evvrardus". He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar. He inherited the title of Duke of Friuli from his father Unruoch II Margrave of Friuli. His mother was Engletron (Engeltrude) of Paris, daughter of Count Beggo of Paris and Alpais (Aupais) De Aquitain, Princess of the West. Eberhard married Gisela Princess of France and the West. Gisela was born in 818 AD in Frankfurt, Hesse, Nassau, Germany. She died 1 July 874 AD. Gisella was the daughter of Lous I (The Pious) Roman Emperor and Princess Judith of Bavaria. Eberhard and Gisela had children, Eberhard circa 837 – 840, Ingeltrude 837 or 840 – 870, probably married Henry of Franconia, Unruoch III circa 840 – 874, Berenger I King of Italy, born circa 845 AD and died April 924 AD in Verona, Italy, Adélard died 874, Rudolf, died 892, Heilwig, died 895, Gisèle (d. 863), Judith of Friuli, first married Arnulf I of Bavaria, and second married Conrad II of Auxerre

===================================

[http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eberhard_von_Friaul '''Eberhard von Friaul''']

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eberhard_of_Friuli

'''Eberhard (c. 815 – 16 December 866)''' was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846. He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar.[1]

He inherited the title of Duke of Friuli from his father Unruoch II. His mother was Engeltrude, possibly a daughter of Beggo of Paris and Alpais.

His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, Eberhard, or Eberard, or in Latinized fashion Everardus, Eberardus, or Eberhardus. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus".[1]

Contents [hide]

1 A note on notability

2 Family

2.1 Children (with Gisela)

2.2 Disputed parentage

3 Education

4 Warlike exploits and role as mediator under Louis le Débonaire

5 Marriage and life at Cysoing

6 Character

7 Pacifier

8 Wars with the Saracens

9 Testament and death

10 References

11 Notes

12 External links

[edit] A note on notability

"Saint Evrard, Duke of Frioul and son-in-law of Louis le Débonaire, was one of the principal personages of the Carolingian period. As his name belongs to a great history, our region could, in right name, be re-vindicated as one of his glories. Cysoing, above all, has the right to call itself Saint Evrard's village. The past of Saint Evrard and of the village of Cysoing are themselves intimately tied such that it is impossible to separate them. One would excuse us for therefore reuniting them."[2]

So reads the preface of an ecclesiatic work on Evrard and Cysoing. There was a "flurry" of research and publishing associated with the discovery of Evrard's body at Cysoing early in the twentieth century--this "flurry" was mostly limited to Lille/Roubaix and within elements of the Church.

[edit] Family

Evrard was from an illustrious Frankish family.[3]

[edit] Children (with Gisela)

# Eberhard (c. 837 – 840)
# Ingeltrude (837 or 840 – 870), probably married Henry of Franconia
# Unruoch III (c.840 – 874)
# Bèrenger (c.840 – 924), King of Italy
# Adélard (d. 874)
# Rudolf (d. 892)
# Heilwise (d. 860)
# Gisèle (d. 863)
# Judith of Friuli, first married Arnulf I of Bavaria, second married Conrad II of Auxerre
[edit] Disputed parentage

Paternity theories

His father was Unruoch II.[4]

"His father was Bèrenger, the son of Count Unroch."[2]

"After other authors, Unroch, the grandfather of Saint Evrard, should have been the Duke of Frioul."[2]

"Alas, some have written that Saint Evrard had for his father Carloman I, the brother of Charlemagne."[2]

"His grandfather was, it is said, the Count Unroch who was leaving the court of Charlemagne and signatory to the will of the emperor."[2]

Maternity theories

His mother was Engeltron of Paris, a daughter of Begue, Count of Paris and Aupals.[4]

"As for his mother, she was, Buzelin says, the daughter of Didier, king of the Lombards."[2]

[edit] Education

Saint Evrard lived in the ninth century. He was born under the reign of Charlemagne and died under that of Charles the Bald.

Saint Evrard was elevated to the court of Charlemagne and of Louis the Débonaire. He took his education at the Palace School founded by Charlemagne and organized by Alcuin, where he studied from the medieval programs known as the trivium and the quadrivium. There he got a taste of the letters and sciences, at the same time that he developed his famous piety.[2]

It is without doubt that it was at the Palace School that Saint Evrard began to build the rich library of which he enumerates the books with so much care in his will.[5][6]

[edit] Warlike exploits and role as mediator under Louis le Débonaire

As soon as his age permitted him to carry arms, Saint Evrard took part in numerous military expeditions.[7] Named Duke of Frioul and Count or Marquis[8] de Trévise, in Italy, he defended his country against invasion by the Bulgars and managed to completely drive these new barbarians from the peninsula--825-830.[2]

He rendered service unto Louis le Débonaire that was still more distinguished. During the tragic years (830-839) where the emperor had suffered at the hand of his son's revolt the most indignified treatment, Count Evrard remained inviolably loyal.[2]

He exercised his influence in Lothair's sphere (the elder son of the emperor) to bring about a reconciliation between father and son. It is certain that it was on his council in 839, that Lothaire went to Worms to implore the pardon of his father.[9]

[edit] Marriage and life at Cysoing

In return for his services, the emperor Louis le Débonaire gave Count Evrard the highest honor possible: the hand of his (acknowledged) daughter, the Princess Gisèle, in marriage.

The Princess Gisèle, a woman of piety and virtue[2], was the daughter of Louis le Débonaire and his second wife, the empress Judith.[9] Among the rich domains the Princess brought with her in her dowry, Count Evrard found the fisc of Cysoing. One gives the name fisc, in this age, to large, rural properties separate from the royal domains; that is, to sorts of farms with a residence for the master and homes for settlers.[10] The Royal Fisc of Cysoing, situated at the center of the country of Pèvele, was one of the most beautiful in the region. The stay seemed so agreeable to Saint Evrard and the Princess Gisèle that they made it one of their regular residences.[2] The castle which they inhabited was without doubt the same as that of the lords of Cysoing in following centuries. It found itself part of a magnificent property, surrounded by water, that actually belongs to the family Bigo-Vanderhagen. The farming ditches were marked in the oldest documents.[11] It is not rash to think these were dug in Saint Evrard's time, or perhaps even earlier.[2]

Already, in the century before (in 752), the little hamlet established on the royal fisc of Cysoing has been made famous through the martyrdom of Saint Arnoul.[2] Saint Arnoul, a courageous warrior, who was, it is said, the father of Godefroid, Bishop of Cambrai-Arras, had been attached to the court of a noble lord, his relative. "His virtues and his merits were so radiant that God accorded his prayers more than one miracle during his life. He became even more glorious through his martyrdom."[2] He was so devoted to his master that he eventually died for him[12] thus attaining martyrdom.[2] Saint Arnoul was already honored at Cysoing when Saint Evrard and Princess Gisèle went to take possession of their domain. His relics were conserved there. Cysoing, of this age, has therefore a church, or less a chappel that was without doubt the same chappel as the royal fisc.[2]

Saint Evrard, at Cysoing, had a chaplain named Walgaire.[2] They (Evrard and Gisèle) decided to found a monastery at Cysoing. The project was long and difficult, and was not complete at the time of Evrard's or Gisèle's deaths. The monastery was initially made in honor of Saint Saveur and Mary (mother of Jesus). The religious lived there under canon law in a community with all the rigors of the cloister. Their special function was singing solemnly in the church. They maintained public prayer. Saint Evrard was known to enjoy singing with the choir.[2] After his later campaigns in the defense of Italy, the remains of Pope Callixtus I were reinterred in the Abbey at Cysoing.[2][1]

[edit] Character

Saint Evrard, himself, has organized his home in a way so perfectly that it was more like a monastery than a castle. He was seconded in this task by his pious wife, Gisèle, who dedicated herself to the education of their many children. The poor and ill were sure of finding not only banal security at Cysoing, but also help and protection. The social question of the time, that of serfs, also preoccupied Saint Evrard. He had freed a good number. In their testimony, he expressly refrained from impeding their liberty. He never forgot those who he didn't free, and tried to improve their lots. Though he was a courageous and formidable, he worked all his life for peace. His private vertues were no less remarkable. In his elevated position, he strove to preserve modisty and humility, to avoid spleandour and arrogance. His zeal for the glory of God, to spread the Truth, to convert the infidels, was celebrated throughout the Church. Alas, his piety, his taste for ceremonies of worship, he devotion to the saints, his respect for the precious relics was apparent in his every act.[2]

[edit] Pacifier

Saint Evrard's activity was not limited to the royal fisc of Cysoing, as he involved himself freely with matters of other domaines and the empire in general. Emperor Louis the Debonaire went to die (840) and the war, a cruel war without mercy, exploded between the Emperor Lothaire and his two brothers, Louis le Germanique and Charles the Bald. Saint Evrard strongly deplored this fighting/battling and fratricide and made all efforts to bring it to an end. After the bloody battle of Fontenay (25 June 841), he left the ambassadorial envoy of Lothaire near that of Lothaire's brothers for peace negotiations. The preparatory conference took place in 842 at Milin, near Châlons in Champagne. It was decided to divide the empire between the three brothers. The negotiators, among which Evrard could be found, were charged with making the partitioning equitable/fair. It was not before August of 843 that they presented their report to the three kings at Verdun.[2]

[edit] Wars with the Saracens

The negotiations ended and peace was re-established between the three brothers, Saint Evrard left in haste for Italy. Italy was under threat from "African Saracens". These Saracens[2] had been named as helpers, in 842, by the Duke of Benevento and they would soon become a threat to regimes throughout the peninsula. They menaced Rome and pillaged it many times. Saint Evrard, in his position as Duke of Friuli, was made a captain/leader of the resistance. The war wore on for several years and ended in 851 with the defeat of the Saracens.

"Evrard has a reputation for being both a courageous soldier and able leader throughout these battles. In the tradition of Charlemagne, Evrard forced the vanquished to convert to Christianity, meritoriously teaching them the Gospel, himself."[2]

[edit] Testament and death

Sometime after this solemnity, Saint Evrard returned to Italy. We find him in 858 among the ambassadors who the emperor Louis le Jeune, son of Lothaire, sent to Ulm, near his uncle Louis le Germanique. After this date, we know nothing more about Saint Evrard until his Testimony, a very interesting/curious/strange document, whose authenticity is certain and in which we are given information on the life of Saint Evrard. This Testimony was made in Italy, at Musiestro Castle, in the county of Trévise, in 867. Evrard and his consort meticulously recorded not only their lands and possessions within a prepared will, but the identities and relationships of family members and neighboring royals. With the agreement of his spouse, Princess Gisèle, Saint Evrard portioned his goods among his seven children.[2]

The eldest, Unroch, got all properties in Lombardy and Germany. The second, Bèrenger, got Annappes with its depencencies less Gruson and the other properties in the Hesbaye and in the Condrost. The third, Adélard, got the lands of Cysoing, Camphin, Gruson and Somain, with charges and respects of all the properties of the Abbey in these regions. The fourth, Rodolphe, got Vitry-en-Artois and Mestucha, except for the church at Vitry which was given with the Abbey at Cysoing.[2]

The three daughters of Saint Evrard, Ingletrude, Judith and Heilwich, got various other domains : Ermen, Marshem, Balghingham, Heliwsheim, Hostrenheim, Luisinga, Wendossa, Engerresteim. Saint Evrard had another daughter who carried the name of Gisèle, her mother. But she was dead at the time of his testimony. The testimony split equally the jewels and ornaments of the saint, the precious objects of his chappel and the books of his library. It is dated 867, the 28th year of the reign of Lothaire's son, Louis le Jeune. Saint Evrard died the same year, 16 December.[2]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eberhard_of_Friuli
--------------------
He died after 888.

He had the following children:

Jhutte (Judith) Grafin Von SHULICHGAU

--------------------
Födelse BEF 0816

Döden 12/16/0866
--------------------
Eberhard (c. 815 – 16 December 866) was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846. He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar.[1]

He inherited the title of Duke of Friuli from his father Unruoch II. His mother was Engeltrude, possibly a daughter of Beggo of Paris and Alpais.

His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, or Eberard, from the Latin Everardus, Eberardus, or Eberhardus. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus".[1]

Family

Evrard was from an illustrious Frankish family.[3]

[edit] Children (with Gisela)

* Eberhard (c. 837 – 840)

* Ingeltrude (837 or 840 – 870), probably married Henry of Franconia

* Unruoch III (c.840 – 874)

* Bèrenger (c.840 – 924), King of Italy

* Adélard (d. 874)

* Rudolf (d. 892)

* Heilwig (d. 895)

* Gisèle (d. 863)

* Judith of Friuli, first married Arnulf I of Bavaria, second married Conrad II of Auxerre

[edit] Disputed parentage

Paternity theories

* His father was Unruoch II.[4]

* "His father was Bèrenger, the son of Count Unroch."[2]

* "After other authors, Unroch, the grandfather of Saint Evrard, should have been the Duke of Frioul."[2]

* "Alas, some have written that Saint Evrard had for his father Carloman I, the brother of Charlemagne."[2]

* "His grandfather was, it is said, the Count Unroch who was leaving the court of Charlemagne and signatory to the will of the emperor."[2]

Maternity theories

* His mother was Engeltron of Paris, a daughter of Begue, Count of Paris and Aupals.[4]

* "As for his mother, she was, Buzelin says, the daughter of Didier, king of the Lombards."[2]

[edit] Education

Saint Evrard lived in the ninth century. He was born under the reign of Charlemagne and died under that of Charles the Bald.

Saint Evrard was elevated to the court of Charlemagne and of Louis the Débonaire. He took his education at the Palace School founded by Charlemagne and organized by Alcuin, where he studied from the medieval programs known as the trivium and the quadrivium. There he got a taste of the letters and sciences, at the same time that he developed his famous piety.[2]

It is without doubt that it was at the Palace School that Saint Evrard began to build the rich library of which he enumerates the books with so much care in his will.[5][6]

[edit] Warlike exploits and role as mediator under Louis le Débonaire

As soon as his age permitted him to carry arms, Saint Evrard took part in numerous military expeditions.[7] Named Duke of Frioul and Count or Marquis[8] de Trévise, in Italy, he defended his country against invasion by the Bulgars and managed to completely drive these new barbarians from the peninsula--825-830.[2]

He rendered service unto Louis le Débonaire that was still more distinguished. During the tragic years (830-839) where the emperor had suffered at the hand of his son's revolt the most indignified treatment, Count Evrard remained inviolably loyal.[2]

He exercised his influence in Lothair's sphere (the elder son of the emperor) to bring about a reconciliation between father and son. It is certain that it was on his council in 839, that Lothaire went to Worms to implore the pardon of his father.[9]

[edit] Marriage and life at Cysoing

In return for his services, the emperor Louis le Débonaire gave Count Evrard the highest honor possible: the hand of his (acknowledged) daughter, the Princess Gisèle, in marriage.

The Princess Gisèle, a woman of piety and virtue[2], was the daughter of Louis le Débonaire and his second wife, the empress Judith.[9]

Among the rich domains the Princess brought with her in her dowry, Count Evrard found the fisc of Cysoing.

One gives the name fisc, in this age, to large, rural properties separate from the royal domains; that is, to sorts of farms with a residence for the master and homes for settlers.[10]

The Royal Fisc of Cysoing, situated at the center of the country of Pèvele, was one of the most beautiful in the region. The stay seemed so agreeable to Saint Evrard and the Princess Gisèle that they made it one of their regular residences.[2]

The castle which they inhabited was without doubt the same as that of the lords of Cysoing in following centuries. It found itself part of a magnificent property, surrounded by water, that actually belongs to the family Bigo-Vanderhagen. The farming ditches were marked in the oldest documents.[11] It is not rash to think these were dug in Saint Evrard's time, or perhaps even earlier.[2]

Already, in the century before (in 752), the little hamlet established on the royal fisc of Cysoing has been made famous through the martyrdom of Saint Arnoul.[2]

Saint Arnoul, a courageous warrior, who was, it is said, the father of Godefroid, Bishop of Cambrai-Arras, had been attached to the court of a noble lord, his relative. "His virtues and his merits were so radiant that God accorded his prayers more than one miracle during his life. He became even more glorious through his martyrdom."[2] He was so devoted to his master that he eventually died for him[12] thus attaining martyrdom.[2]

Saint Arnoul was already honored at Cysoing when Saint Evrard and Princess Gisèle went to take possession of their domain. His relics were conserved there. Cysoing, of this age, has therefore a church, or less a chappel that was without doubt the same chappel as the royal fisc.[2]

[edit] Foundation of the Abbey at Cysoing

Saint Evrard, at Cysoing, had a chaplain named Walgaire.[2] They (Evrard and Gisèle) decided to found a monastery at Cysoing. The project was long and difficult, and was not complete at the time of Evrard's or Gisèle's deaths. The monastery was initially made in honor of Saint Saveur and Mary (mother of Jesus, not Magdalene). The religious lived there under canon law in a community with all the rigors of the cloister. Their special function was singing solemnly in the church. They maintained public prayer. Saint Evrard was known to enjoy singing with the choir.[2]

After his later campaigns in the defense of Italy, the remains of Pope Callixtus I were reinterred in the Abbey at Cysoing.[2][1]

[edit] Character

Saint Evrard, himself, has organized his home in a way so perfectly that it was more like a monastery than a castle. He was seconded in this task by his pious wife, Gisèle, who dedicated herself to the education of their many children. The poor and ill were sure of finding not only banal security at Cysoing, but also help and protection. The social question of the time, that of serfs, also preoccupied Saint Evrard. He had freed a good number. In their testimony, he expressly refrained from impeding their liberty. He never forgot those who he didn't free, and tried to improve their lots. Though he was a courageous and formidable, he worked all his life for peace. His private vertues were no less remarkable. In his elevated position, he strove to preserve modisty and humility, to avoid spleandour and arrogance. His zeal for the glory of God, to spread the Truth, to convert the infidels, was celebrated throughout the Church. Alas, his piety, his taste for ceremonies of worship, he devotion to the saints, his respect for the precious relics was apparent in his every act.[2]

[edit] Pacifier

Saint Evrard's activity was not limited to the royal fisc of Cysoing, as he involved himself freely with matters of other domaines and the empire in general. Emperor Louis the Debonaire went to die (840) and the war, a cruel war without mercy, exploded between the Emperor Lothaire and his two brothers, Louis le Germanique and Charles the Bald. Saint Evrard strongly deplored this fighting/battling and fratricide and made all efforts to bring it to an end. After the bloody battle of Fontenay (25 June 841), he left the ambassadorial envoy of Lothaire near that of Lothaire's brothers for peace negotiations. The preparatory conference took place in 842 at Milin, near Châlons in Champagne. It was decided to divide the empire between the three brothers. The negotiators, among which Evrard could be found, were charged with making the partitioning equitable/fair. It was not before August of 843 that they presented their report to the three kings at Verdun.[2]

[edit] Wars with the Saracens

The negotiations ended and peace was re-established between the three brothers, Saint Evrard left in haste for Italy. Italy was under threat from "African Saracens". These Saracens[2] had been named as helpers, in 842, by the Duke of Bénévent and they would soon become a threat to regimes throughout the peninsula. They menaced Rome and pillaged it many times. Saint Evrard, in his station as Duke of Frioul, was made a captain/leader of the resistance. The war wore on for several years and ended in 851 with the defeat of the Saracens.

"Evrard has a reputation for being both a courageous soldier and able leader throughout these battles. In the tradition of Charlemagne, Evrard forced the vanquished to convert to Christianity, meritoriously teaching them the Gospel, himself."[2]

[edit] Testament and death

Sometime after this solemnity, Saint Evrard returned to Italy. We find him in 858 among the ambassadors who the emperor Louis le Jeune, son of Lothaire, sent to Ulm, near his uncle Louis le Germanique. After this date, we know nothing more about Saint Evrard until his Testimony, a very interesting/curious/strange document, whose authenticity is certain and in which we are given information on the life of Saint Evrard. This Testimony was made in Italy, at Musiestro Castle, in the county of Trévise, in 867. Evrard and his consort meticulously recorded not only their lands and possessions within a prepared will, but the identities and relationships of family members and neighboring royals. With the agreement of his spouse, Princess Gisèle, Saint Evrard portioned his goods among his seven children.[2]

The eldest, Unroch, got all properties in Lombardy and Germany. the second, Bèrenger, got Annappes with its dedepencencies less Gruson and the other properties in the Hesbaye and in the Condrost. The third, Adélard, got the lands of Cysoing, Camphin, Gruson and Somain, with charges and respects of all the properties of the Abbey in these regions. The fourth, Rodolphe, got Vitry-en-Artois and Mestucha, except for the church at Vitry which was given with the Abbey at Cysoing.[2]

The three daughters of Saint Evrard, Ingletrude, Judith and Heilwich, got various other domains : Ermen, Marshem, Balghingham, Heliwsheim, Hostrenheim, Luisinga, Wendossa, Engerresteim. Saint Evrard had another daughter who carried the name of Gisèle, her mother. But she was dead at the time of his testimony. The testimony split equally the jewels and ornaments of the saint, the precious objects of his chappel and the books of his library. It is dated 867, the 28th year of the reign of Lothaire's son, Louis le Jeune. Saint Evrard died the same year, 16 December.[2]

--------------------

Eberhard var markgreve eller hertug av Friuli.

Han var sønn til en frankisk adelsmann og bror til hertug Berengar av Septimanien som døde i 835. Angivelig var han sønnesønn til Desiderius, longobardenes høvding.

Eberhard kom til Italien ca. 830 og fikk før 836 den orientalske mark. Som Lothars vasall forvaltet han markgrevskapet Friuli og hadde store gods i områdene ved mitre og nedre Maas i Flandern. Han tilhørte rikets mest ansette menn, kjent for sin gjestfrihet. Eberhard holdt hoff i Cividale og i sitt slott Musetre, hvor han samlet sin tids lærde menn. Sedulio Scota var sanger ved hans familiebegivenheter. I (Wiener) Jahrbuch für vaterland Geschichte nevnes «Fünf Gedichte des Sedilius an der Markgraf von Friaul».

Han var tilstede ved riksdagen i Diedenhofen i mai 836 og møtte i 842 i Clamey ved Yonne hos Lothar som utsending. Eberhard var frankernes seierrike fører i kampene mot slavere og sarasenere.

Eberhard stiftet klosteret Cyssoing ved Ryssel i Flandern i 854 som ble hans siste hvilested. 1)

1). Erich Brandenburg: Die Nachkommen Karls des Grossen, Leipzig 1935. Mogens Bugge: Våre forfedre, nr. 123. Bent og Vidar Billing Hansen: Rosensverdslektens forfedre, side 49, 56.

--------------------

Eberhard (c. 815 – 16 December 866) was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846. He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar.[1]

He inherited the title of Duke of Friuli from his father Unruoch II. His mother was Engeltrude, possibly a daughter of Beggo of Paris and Alpais.

His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, Eberhard, or Eberard, or in Latinized fashion Everardus, Eberardus, or Eberhardus. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus".

Family

Evrard was from an illustrious Frankish family.[3]

[edit] Children (with Gisela)

* Eberhard (c. 837 – 840)

* Ingeltrude (837 or 840 – 870), probably married Henry of Franconia

* Unruoch III (c.840 – 874)

* Bèrenger (c.840 – 924), King of Italy

* Adélard (d. 874)

* Rudolf (d. 892)

* Heilwig (d. 895)

* Gisèle (d. 863)

* Judith of Friuli, first married Arnulf I of Bavaria, second married Conrad II of Auxerre

[edit] Disputed parentage

Paternity theories

* His father was Unruoch II.[4]

* "His father was Bèrenger, the son of Count Unroch."[2]

* "After other authors, Unroch, the grandfather of Saint Evrard, should have been the Duke of Frioul."[2]

* "Alas, some have written that Saint Evrard had for his father Carloman I, the brother of Charlemagne."[2]

* "His grandfather was, it is said, the Count Unroch who was leaving the court of Charlemagne and signatory to the will of the emperor."[2]

Maternity theories

* His mother was Engeltron of Paris, a daughter of Begue, Count of Paris and Aupals.[4]

* "As for his mother, she was, Buzelin says, the daughter of Didier, king of the Lombards.

References

* Theuws, Frans (2000). Rituals of Power: From Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages,503 pages/page 225,Christina La Rocca and Luigi Provero, THE DEAD AND THEIR GIFTS: THE WILL OF EBERHARD, COUNT OF FRIULI, AND HIS WIFE GISELA, DAUGHTER OF LOUIS THE PIOUS. Brill.

* Morby, John (1989). Dynasties of the World: a chronological and genealogical handbook. Oxford University Press.

* MacLagan, Michael (1999). Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe, 2nd edition. Little, Brown and Company.

--------------------

Yrke: Greve av Friuli

Noteringar

Född: omkring 802 Friuli-Venezia, Giulia, Italien 1)

Död: 867-12-16 Begravd i Cysoing.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Familj med Gisela av Italien (819 - 874)

Vigsel: omkring 836 2)

Barn: Berenger I av Italien (840 - 924)

Judith av Friuli

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Källor

1) Jacob Holdts hemsida, USA

2) Directory of Royal Genealogical Data, Hull, England

--------------------

ST. EVERHARD, a Count, who died 867; married Gisela, daughter of the Emperor Lewis, Pius.

(Fenwick Allied Ancestry, page 67)

Eberhard (died 16 December 866/866), was Duke of Friuli from 846 to 863. He inherited the title from his father Unruoch II, his mother was Engeltron of Paris, a daughter of Begue, Count of Paris and Aupals. Eberhards' brother was Berengar the Wise.

He had a relationship with the theologian Gottschalk.

He married Gisela, Princes of France, daughter of Louis the Pious and his second wife, Judith of Bavaria.

(Wikipedia)

--------------------

Eberhard (c. 815 – 16 December 866) was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846. He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar.[1]

He inherited the title of Duke of Friuli from his father Unruoch II. His mother was Engeltrude, possibly a daughter of Beggo of Paris and Alpais.

His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, Eberhard, or Eberard, or in Latinized fashion Everardus, Eberardus, or Eberhardus. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus".[1]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evrard

--------------------

Evrard

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Saint Evrard was a soldier in the court of Charlemagne--he was instrumental in the politics of the day. He resided near present-day Lille, France (Cysoing is a village of Lille metro), and was Duke of Frioul (Italian: Friuli, French: Frioul) from 846 to 863 (he inherited the title from his father[1]).

He had a relationship with the theologian Gottschalk. Other known associates included Raban Maur, Archbishop Hincmar of Reims, and Sedulius Scottus.[2]

An alternative spelling of this name is "Erhard". Also "Everardus" "Eberardus" "Eberard" "Eberhardus" "Eberhard". He wrote his own name "EWRARDUS".[2]

He died 16 December 867.[3] His feast day is 16 December.[2]

A note on notability

"Saint Evrard, Duke of Frioul and son-in-law of Louis le Débonaire, was one of the principle personages of the Carolingian period. As his name belongs to a great history, our region could, in right name, be re-vindicated as one of his glories. Cysoing, above all, has the right to call itself Saint Evrard's village. The past of Saint Evrard and of the village of Cysoing are themselves intimately tied such that it is impossible to separate them. One would excuse us for therefore reuniting them."[3]

So reads the preface of an ecclesiatic work on Evrard and Cysoing. There was a "flurry" of research and publishing associated with the discovery of Evrard's body at Cysoing early in the twentieth century--this "flurry" was mostly limited to Lille/Roubaix and within elements of the Church.

Family

Evrard was from an illustrious Frankish family.[4]

Children (with Princess Gisèle)

* Eberhard (c.837 – 840)

* Ingeltrude (837 or 840 – 870), probably married Henry of Franconia

* Unruoch III (c.840 – 874)

* Bèrenger (c.840 – 924), King of Italy

* Adélard (d.874)

* Rudolf (d.892)

* Heilwig (d. 895)

* Gisèle (d.863)

* Judith (disambiguation), first married Arnulf I of Bavaria, second married Conrad II of Auxerre

Siblings

Eberhard's brother was Berengar the Wise.

Disputed parentage

Father:

* Theory 1: His father was Unruoch II.[1]

* Theory 2a: "His father was Bèrenger, the son of Count Unroch."[3]

* Theory 2b: "After other authors, Unroch, the grandfather of Saint Evrard, should have been the Duke of Frioul."[3]

* Theory 3: "Alas, some have written that Saint Evrard had for his father Carloman, the brother of Charlemagne."[3]

Mother:

* His mother was Engeltron of Paris, a daughter of Begue, Count of Paris and Aupals.[1]

* "As for his mother, she was, Buzelin says, the daughter of Didier, king of the Lombards."[3]

Grandparents

"His grandfather was, it is said, the Count Unroch who was leaving the court of Charlemagne and signatory to the will of the emperor."[3]

(Review Theories 2a and 2b from Disputed Parentage.)

Education

Saint Evrard lived in the ninth century. He was born under the reign of Charlemagne and died under that of Charles the Bald.

Saint Evrard was elevated to the court of Charlemagne and of Louis the Débonaire. He took his education at the Palace School founded by Charlemagne and organized by Alcuin, where he studied from the medieval programs known as the trivium and the quadrivium. There he got a taste of the letters and sciences, at the same time that he developed his famous piety.[3]

It is without doubt that it was at the Palace School that Saint Evrard began to build the rich library of which he enumerates the books with so much care in his will.[5][6]

Warlike exploits and role as mediator under Louis le Débonaire

As soon as his age permitted him to carry arms, Saint Evrard took part in numerous military expeditions.[7] Named Duke of Frioul and Count or Marquis[8] de Trévise, in Italy, he defended his country against invasion by the Bulgars and managed to completely drive these new barbarians from the peninsula--825-830.[3]

He rendered service unto Louis le Débonaire that was still more distinguished. During the tragic years (830-839) where the emperor had suffered at the hand of his son's revolt the most indignified treatment, Count Evrard remained inviolably loyal.[3]

He exercised his influence in Lothair's sphere (the elder son of the emperor) to bring about a reconciliation between father and son. It is certain that it was on his council in 839, that Lothaire went to Worms to implore the pardon of his father.[9]

Marriage to the Princess Gisèle; their stay at Cysoing

In return for his services, the emperor Louis le Débonaire gave Count Evrard the highest honor possible: the hand of his (aknowledged) daughter, the Princess Gisèle, in marriage.

The Princess Gisèle, a woman of piety and virtue[3], was the daughter of Louis le Débonaire and his second wife, the empress Judith.[9]

Among the rich domains the Princess brought with her in her dowry, Count Evrard found the fisc of Cysoing.

One gives the name fisc, in this age, to large, rural properties separate from the royal domains; that is, to sorts of farms with a residence for the master and homes for settlers.[10]

The Royal Fisc of Cysoing, situated at the center of the country of Pèvele, was one of the most beautiful in the region. The stay seemed so agreeable to Saint Evrard and the Princess Gisèle that they made it one of their regular residences.[3]

The castle which they inhabited was without doubt the same as that of the lords of Cysoing in following centuries. It found itself part of a magnificent property, surrounded by water, that actually belongs to the family Bigo-Vanderhagen. The farming ditches were marked in the oldest documents.[11] It is not rash to think these were dug in Saint Evrard's time, or perhaps even earlier.[3]

Already, in the century before (in 752), the little hamlet established on the royal fisc of Cysoing has been made famous through the martyrdom of Saint Arnoul.[3]

Saint Arnoul, a courageous warrior, who was, it is said, the father of Godefroid, Bishop of Cambrai and Arras, had been attached to the court of a noble lord, his relative. "His virtues and his merits were so radiant that God accorded his prayers more than one miracle during his life. He became even more glorious through his martyrdom."[3] He was so devoted to his master that he eventually died for him[12] thus attaining martyrdom.[3]

Saint Arnoul was already honored at Cysoing when Saint Evrard and Princess Gisèle went to take possession of their domain. His relics were conserved there. Cysoing, of this age, has therefore a church, or less a chappel that was without doubt the same chappel as the royal fisc.[3]

Founding of the Abbey at Cysoing

Saint Evrard, at Cysoing, had a chaplain named Walgaire.[3] They (Evrard and Gisèle) decided to found a monastery at Cysoing. The project was long and difficult, and was not complete at the time of Evrard's or Gisèle's deaths. The monastery was initially made in honor of Saint Saveur and Mary (mother of Jesus, not Magdalene). The religious lived there under canon law in a community with all the rigors of the cloister. Their special function was singing solemnly in the church. They maintained public prayer. Saint Evrard was known to enjoy singing with the choir.[3]

After his later campaigns in the defense of Italy, the remains of Pope Callixtus I were reinterred in the Abbey at Cysoing.[3][2]

Virtues of Saint Evrard

Saint Evrard, himself, has organized his home in a way so perfectly that it was more like a monastery than a castle. He was seconded in this task by his pious wife, Gisèle, who dedicated herself to the education of their many children. The poor and ill were sure of finding not only banal security at Cysoing, but also help and protection. The social question of the time, that of serfs, also preoccupied Saint Evrard. He had freed a good number. In their testimony, he expressly refrained from impeding their liberty. He never forgot those who he didn't free, and tried to improve their lots. Though he was a courageous and formidable, he worked all his life for peace. His private vertues were no less remarkable. In his elevated position, he strove to preserve modisty and humility, to avoid spleandour and arrogance. His zeal for the glory of God, to spread the Truth, to convert the infidels, was celebrated throughout the Church. Alas, his piety, his taste for ceremonies of worship, he devotion to the saints, his respect for the precious relics was apparent in his every act.[3]

Saint Evrard, Pacifier

Saint Evrard's activity was not limited to the royal fisc of Cysoing, as he involved himself freely with matters of other domaines and the empire in general. Emperor Louis the Debonaire went to die (840) and the war, a cruel war without mercy, exploded between the Emperor Lothaire and his two brothers, Louis le Germanique and Charles the Bald. Saint Evrard strongly deplored this fighting/battling and fratricide and made all efforts to bring it to an end. After the bloody battle of Fontenay (25 June 841), he left the ambassadorial envoy of Lothaire near that of Lothaire's brothers for peace negotiations. The preparatory conference took place in 842 at Milin, near Châlons in Champagne. It was decided to divide the empire between the three brothers. The negotiators, among which Evrard could be found, were charged with making the partitioning equitable/fair. It was not before August of 843 that they presented their report to the three kigs at Verdun.[3]

Versus the Saracens (North African Muslims)

The negotiations ended and peace was re-established between the three brothers, Saint Evrard left in haste for Italy. Italy was under threat from "African Saracens". These Saracens[3] had been named as helpers, in 842, by the Duke of Bénévent and they would soon become a threat to regimes throughout the peninsula. They menaced Rome and pillaged it many times. Saint Evrard, in his station as Duke of Frioul, was made a captain/leader of the resistance. The war wore on for several years and ended in 851 with the defeat of the Saracens.

"Evrard has a reputation for being both a courageous soldier and able leader throughout these battles. In the tradition of Charlemagne, Evrard forced the vanquished to convert to Christianity, meritoriously teaching them the Gospel, himself."[3]

Renaming of Saint Evrard in the Church

Saint Evrard had played a large role in this victory. A large service was held in his honor by the Church and his country. In this way his name had come to be celebrated in all of Christianity. The most pious Prelats and the most illustrious members of the Church sought his friendship....[3]

Saint Evrard's last years; his will; his death

Sometime after this solemnity, Saint Evrard returned to Italy. We find him in 858 among the ambassadors who the emperor Louis le Jeune, son of Lothaire, sent to Ulm, near his uncle Louis le Germanique. After this date, we know nothing more about Saint Evrard until his Testimony, a very interesting/curious/strange document, whose authenticity is certain and in which we are given information on the life of Saint Evrard... This Testimony was made in Italy, at Musiestro Castle, in the county of Trévise, in 867. With the agreement of his spouse, Princess Gisèle, Saint Evrard portioned his goods among his seven children.[3]

Division of properties/inheritances

The eldest, Unroch, got all properties in Lombardy and Germany. the second, Bèrenger, got Annappes with its dedepencencies less Gruson and the other properties in the Hesbaye and in the Condrost. The third, Adélard, got the lands of Cysoing, Camphin, Gruson and Somain, with charges and respects of all the properties of the Abbey in these regions. The fourth, Rodolphe, got Vitry-en-Artois and Mestucha, except for the church at Vitry which was given with the Abbey at Cysoing.[3]

The three daughters of Saint Evrard, Ingletrude, Judith and Heilwich, got various other domains : Ermen, Marshem, Balghingham, Heliwsheim, Hostrenheim, Luisinga, Wendossa, Engerresteim. Saint Evrard had another daughter who carried the name of Gisèle, her mother. But she was dead at the time of his testimony. The testimony split equally the jewels and ornaments of the saint, the precious objects of his chappel and the books of his library. It is dated 867, the 28th year of the reign of Lothaire's son, Louis le Jeune. Saint Evrard died the same year, 16 December.[3]

Footnotes

1. ^ a b c The Royal Ancestry Bible Royal Ancestors of 300 Colonial American Families by Michel L. Call (charts 1986 & 2022) ISBN 1-933193-22-7

2. ^ a b c d Belgian and Celtic Saints (French)

3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab "Saint Evrard : Fondateur de L'Abbaye de Cysoing : Son Culte & Ses Reliques" by Abbott Jules BATAILLE (1902)

4. ^ Sources : Chevalier. Répertoires des sources historiques au mot Eberhard. Don Boquet. Rerum gallicarum et francicarum scriptores T. VII ; Acta sanctorum VIeme volume d'Octobre. --Buzelin Gallo-Flandria I 102 ; III, 107-109 usw

5. ^ voir plus loin page 12

6. ^ Translator : "C'est sans doute à l'Ecole du palais que saint Evrard commença à se composer cette riche bibliothèque dont il énumère les livres avec tant de soin dans son testament."

7. ^ Les Sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan, p. 14

8. ^ Les Sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan, p. 14 -- Rerum gallicarum et francicarum scriptores usw

9. ^ a b Les Sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan

10. ^ Les sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan p.11

11. ^ Rapports de la baronnie de Cysoing 1392, 1455, 1595. Archives départementales. Etat général 81, 82, 88.

12. ^ Acta sanctorum II p. 971. Cartul. de Cys. p. 768, 905, 914, 919.

Print

* The Royal Ancestry Bible Royal Ancestors of 300 Colonial American Families by Michel L. Call (charts 1986 & 2022) ISBN 1-933193-22-7

* Bataille, Jules (1902). Saint Evrard : Fondateur de L'Abbaye de Cysoing : Son Culte & Ses Reliques. Imprimerie Alred Reboux.

--------------------

Eberhard (c. 815 – 16 December 866) was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846. He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar.[1]

He inherited the title of Duke of Friuli from his father Unruoch II. His mother was Engeltrude, possibly a daughter of Beggo of Paris and Alpais.

His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, Eberhard, or Eberard, or in Latinized fashion Everardus, Eberardus, or Eberhardus. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus".

Family

Evrard was from an illustrious Frankish family.[3]

[edit] Children (with Gisela)

* Eberhard (c. 837 – 840)

* Ingeltrude (837 or 840 – 870), probably married Henry of Franconia

* Unruoch III (c.840 – 874)

* Bèrenger (c.840 – 924), King of Italy

* Adélard (d. 874)

* Rudolf (d. 892)

* Heilwig (d. 895)

* Gisèle (d. 863)

* Judith of Friuli, first married Arnulf I of Bavaria, second married Conrad II of Auxerre

[edit] Disputed parentage

Paternity theories

* His father was Unruoch II.[4]

* "His father was Bèrenger, the son of Count Unroch."[2]

* "After other authors, Unroch, the grandfather of Saint Evrard, should have been the Duke of Frioul."[2]

* "Alas, some have written that Saint Evrard had for his father Carloman I, the brother of Charlemagne."[2]

* "His grandfather was, it is said, the Count Unroch who was leaving the court of Charlemagne and signatory to the will of the emperor."[2]References

* Theuws, Frans (2000). Rituals of Power: From Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages,503 pages/page 225,Christina La Rocca and Luigi Provero, THE DEAD AND THEIR GIFTS: THE WILL OF EBERHARD, COUNT OF FRIULI, AND HIS WIFE GISELA, DAUGHTER OF LOUIS THE PIOUS. Brill.

* Morby, John (1989). Dynasties of the World: a chronological and genealogical handbook. Oxford University Press.

* MacLagan, Michael (1999). Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe, 2nd edition. Little, Brown and Company.

Maternity theories

* His mother was Engeltron of Paris, a daughter of Begue, Count of Paris and Aupals.[4]

* "As for his mother, she was, Buzelin says, the daughter of Didier, king of the Lombards.

--------------------

Eberhard (c. 815 – 16 December 866) was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846. He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar.

He inherited the title of Duke of Friuli from his father Unruoch II. His mother was Engeltrude, possibly a daughter of Beggo of Paris and Alpais.

His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, Eberhard, or Eberard, or in Latinized fashion Everardus, Eberardus, or Eberhardus. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus".

--------------------

Eberhard (c. 815 – 16 December 866) was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846. He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar.[1]

He inherited the title of Duke of Friuli from his father Unruoch II. His mother was Engeltrude, possibly a daughter of Beggo of Paris and Alpais.

His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, Eberhard, or Eberard, or in Latinized fashion Everardus, Eberardus, or Eberhardus. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus".[1]

Contents

[hide]

* 1 A note on notability

* 2 Family

o 2.1 Children (with Gisela)

o 2.2 Disputed parentage

* 3 Education

* 4 Warlike exploits and role as mediator under Louis le Débonaire

* 5 Marriage and life at Cysoing

* 6 Foundation of the Abbey at Cysoing

* 7 Character

* 8 Pacifier

* 9 Wars with the Saracens

* 10 Testament and death

* 11 References

* 12 Notes

* 13 External links

[edit] A note on notability

"Saint Evrard, Duke of Frioul and son-in-law of Louis le Débonaire, was one of the principal personages of the Carolingian period. As his name belongs to a great history, our region could, in right name, be re-vindicated as one of his glories. Cysoing, above all, has the right to call itself Saint Evrard's village. The past of Saint Evrard and of the village of Cysoing are themselves intimately tied such that it is impossible to separate them. One would excuse us for therefore reuniting them."[2]

So reads the preface of an ecclesiatic work on Evrard and Cysoing. There was a "flurry" of research and publishing associated with the discovery of Evrard's body at Cysoing early in the twentieth century--this "flurry" was mostly limited to Lille/Roubaix and within elements of the Church.

[edit] Family

Evrard was from an illustrious Frankish family.[3]

[edit] Children (with Gisela)

* Eberhard (c. 837 – 840)

* Ingeltrude (837 or 840 – 870), probably married Henry of Franconia

* Unruoch III (c.840 – 874)

* Bèrenger (c.840 – 924), King of Italy

* Adélard (d. 874)

* Rudolf (d. 892)

* Heilwig (d. 895)

* Gisèle (d. 863)

* Judith of Friuli, first married Arnulf I of Bavaria, second married Conrad II of Auxerre

[edit] Disputed parentage

Paternity theories

* His father was Unruoch II.[4]

* "His father was Bèrenger, the son of Count Unroch."[2]

* "After other authors, Unroch, the grandfather of Saint Evrard, should have been the Duke of Frioul."[2]

* "Alas, some have written that Saint Evrard had for his father Carloman I, the brother of Charlemagne."[2]

* "His grandfather was, it is said, the Count Unroch who was leaving the court of Charlemagne and signatory to the will of the emperor."[2]

Maternity theories

* His mother was Engeltron of Paris, a daughter of Begue, Count of Paris and Aupals.[4]

* "As for his mother, she was, Buzelin says, the daughter of Didier, king of the Lombards."[2]

[edit] Education

Saint Evrard lived in the ninth century. He was born under the reign of Charlemagne and died under that of Charles the Bald.

Saint Evrard was elevated to the court of Charlemagne and of Louis the Débonaire. He took his education at the Palace School founded by Charlemagne and organized by Alcuin, where he studied from the medieval programs known as the trivium and the quadrivium. There he got a taste of the letters and sciences, at the same time that he developed his famous piety.[2]

It is without doubt that it was at the Palace School that Saint Evrard began to build the rich library of which he enumerates the books with so much care in his will.[5][6]

[edit] Warlike exploits and role as mediator under Louis le Débonaire

As soon as his age permitted him to carry arms, Saint Evrard took part in numerous military expeditions.[7] Named Duke of Frioul and Count or Marquis[8] de Trévise, in Italy, he defended his country against invasion by the Bulgars and managed to completely drive these new barbarians from the peninsula--825-830.[2]

He rendered service unto Louis le Débonaire that was still more distinguished. During the tragic years (830-839) where the emperor had suffered at the hand of his son's revolt the most indignified treatment, Count Evrard remained inviolably loyal.[2]

He exercised his influence in Lothair's sphere (the elder son of the emperor) to bring about a reconciliation between father and son. It is certain that it was on his council in 839, that Lothaire went to Worms to implore the pardon of his father.[9]

[edit] Marriage and life at Cysoing

In return for his services, the emperor Louis le Débonaire gave Count Evrard the highest honor possible: the hand of his (acknowledged) daughter, the Princess Gisèle, in marriage.

The Princess Gisèle, a woman of piety and virtue[2], was the daughter of Louis le Débonaire and his second wife, the empress Judith.[9]

Among the rich domains the Princess brought with her in her dowry, Count Evrard found the fisc of Cysoing.

One gives the name fisc, in this age, to large, rural properties separate from the royal domains; that is, to sorts of farms with a residence for the master and homes for settlers.[10]

The Royal Fisc of Cysoing, situated at the center of the country of Pèvele, was one of the most beautiful in the region. The stay seemed so agreeable to Saint Evrard and the Princess Gisèle that they made it one of their regular residences.[2]

The castle which they inhabited was without doubt the same as that of the lords of Cysoing in following centuries. It found itself part of a magnificent property, surrounded by water, that actually belongs to the family Bigo-Vanderhagen. The farming ditches were marked in the oldest documents.[11] It is not rash to think these were dug in Saint Evrard's time, or perhaps even earlier.[2]

Already, in the century before (in 752), the little hamlet established on the royal fisc of Cysoing has been made famous through the martyrdom of Saint Arnoul.[2]

Saint Arnoul, a courageous warrior, who was, it is said, the father of Godefroid, Bishop of Cambrai-Arras, had been attached to the court of a noble lord, his relative. "His virtues and his merits were so radiant that God accorded his prayers more than one miracle during his life. He became even more glorious through his martyrdom."[2] He was so devoted to his master that he eventually died for him[12] thus attaining martyrdom.[2]

Saint Arnoul was already honored at Cysoing when Saint Evrard and Princess Gisèle went to take possession of their domain. His relics were conserved there. Cysoing, of this age, has therefore a church, or less a chappel that was without doubt the same chappel as the royal fisc.[2]

[edit] Foundation of the Abbey at Cysoing

Saint Evrard, at Cysoing, had a chaplain named Walgaire.[2] They (Evrard and Gisèle) decided to found a monastery at Cysoing. The project was long and difficult, and was not complete at the time of Evrard's or Gisèle's deaths. The monastery was initially made in honor of Saint Saveur and Mary (mother of Jesus, not Magdalene). The religious lived there under canon law in a community with all the rigors of the cloister. Their special function was singing solemnly in the church. They maintained public prayer. Saint Evrard was known to enjoy singing with the choir.[2]

After his later campaigns in the defense of Italy, the remains of Pope Callixtus I were reinterred in the Abbey at Cysoing.[2][1]

[edit] Character

Saint Evrard, himself, has organized his home in a way so perfectly that it was more like a monastery than a castle. He was seconded in this task by his pious wife, Gisèle, who dedicated herself to the education of their many children. The poor and ill were sure of finding not only banal security at Cysoing, but also help and protection. The social question of the time, that of serfs, also preoccupied Saint Evrard. He had freed a good number. In their testimony, he expressly refrained from impeding their liberty. He never forgot those who he didn't free, and tried to improve their lots. Though he was a courageous and formidable, he worked all his life for peace. His private vertues were no less remarkable. In his elevated position, he strove to preserve modisty and humility, to avoid spleandour and arrogance. His zeal for the glory of God, to spread the Truth, to convert the infidels, was celebrated throughout the Church. Alas, his piety, his taste for ceremonies of worship, he devotion to the saints, his respect for the precious relics was apparent in his every act.[2]

[edit] Pacifier

Saint Evrard's activity was not limited to the royal fisc of Cysoing, as he involved himself freely with matters of other domaines and the empire in general. Emperor Louis the Debonaire went to die (840) and the war, a cruel war without mercy, exploded between the Emperor Lothaire and his two brothers, Louis le Germanique and Charles the Bald. Saint Evrard strongly deplored this fighting/battling and fratricide and made all efforts to bring it to an end. After the bloody battle of Fontenay (25 June 841), he left the ambassadorial envoy of Lothaire near that of Lothaire's brothers for peace negotiations. The preparatory conference took place in 842 at Milin, near Châlons in Champagne. It was decided to divide the empire between the three brothers. The negotiators, among which Evrard could be found, were charged with making the partitioning equitable/fair. It was not before August of 843 that they presented their report to the three kings at Verdun.[2]

[edit] Wars with the Saracens

The negotiations ended and peace was re-established between the three brothers, Saint Evrard left in haste for Italy. Italy was under threat from "African Saracens". These Saracens[2] had been named as helpers, in 842, by the Duke of Benevento and they would soon become a threat to regimes throughout the peninsula. They menaced Rome and pillaged it many times. Saint Evrard, in his position as Duke of Friuli, was made a captain/leader of the resistance. The war wore on for several years and ended in 851 with the defeat of the Saracens.

"Evrard has a reputation for being both a courageous soldier and able leader throughout these battles. In the tradition of Charlemagne, Evrard forced the vanquished to convert to Christianity, meritoriously teaching them the Gospel, himself."[2]

[edit] Testament and death

Sometime after this solemnity, Saint Evrard returned to Italy. We find him in 858 among the ambassadors who the emperor Louis le Jeune, son of Lothaire, sent to Ulm, near his uncle Louis le Germanique. After this date, we know nothing more about Saint Evrard until his Testimony, a very interesting/curious/strange document, whose authenticity is certain and in which we are given information on the life of Saint Evrard. This Testimony was made in Italy, at Musiestro Castle, in the county of Trévise, in 867. Evrard and his consort meticulously recorded not only their lands and possessions within a prepared will, but the identities and relationships of family members and neighboring royals. With the agreement of his spouse, Princess Gisèle, Saint Evrard portioned his goods among his seven children.[2]

The eldest, Unroch, got all properties in Lombardy and Germany. the second, Bèrenger, got Annappes with its dedepencencies less Gruson and the other properties in the Hesbaye and in the Condrost. The third, Adélard, got the lands of Cysoing, Camphin, Gruson and Somain, with charges and respects of all the properties of the Abbey in these regions. The fourth, Rodolphe, got Vitry-en-Artois and Mestucha, except for the church at Vitry which was given with the Abbey at Cysoing.[2]

The three daughters of Saint Evrard, Ingletrude, Judith and Heilwich, got various other domains : Ermen, Marshem, Balghingham, Heliwsheim, Hostrenheim, Luisinga, Wendossa, Engerresteim. Saint Evrard had another daughter who carried the name of Gisèle, her mother. But she was dead at the time of his testimony. The testimony split equally the jewels and ornaments of the saint, the precious objects of his chappel and the books of his library. It is dated 867, the 28th year of the reign of Lothaire's son, Louis le Jeune. Saint Evrard died the same year, 16 December.[2]

[edit] References

* Theuws, Frans (2000). Rituals of Power: From Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages,503 pages/page 225,Christina La Rocca and Luigi Provero, THE DEAD AND THEIR GIFTS: THE WILL OF EBERHARD, COUNT OF FRIULI, AND HIS WIFE GISELA, DAUGHTER OF LOUIS THE PIOUS. Brill.

* Morby, John (1989). Dynasties of the World: a chronological and genealogical handbook. Oxford University Press.

* MacLagan, Michael (1999). Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe, 2nd edition. Little, Brown and Company.

[edit] Notes

1. ^ a b c Belgian and Celtic Saints (French)

2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z "Saint Evrard : Fondateur de L'Abbaye de Cysoing : Son Culte & Ses Reliques" by Abbott Jules BATAILLE (1902)

3. ^ Sources : Chevalier. Répertoires des sources historiques au mot Eberhard. Don Boquet. Rerum gallicarum et francicarum scriptores T. VII ; Acta sanctorum VIeme volume d'Octobre. --Buzelin Gallo-Flandria I 102 ; III, 107-109 usw

4. ^ a b The Royal Ancestry Bible Royal Ancestors of 300 Colonial American Families by Michel L. Call (charts 1986 & 2022) ISBN 1-933193-22-7

5. ^ voir plus loin page 12

6. ^ Translator : "C'est sans doute à l'Ecole du palais que saint Evrard commença à se composer cette riche bibliothèque dont il énumère les livres avec tant de soin dans son testament."

7. ^ Les Sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan, p. 14

8. ^ Les Sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan, p. 14 -- Rerum gallicarum et francicarum scriptores usw

9. ^ a b Les Sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan

10. ^ Les sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan p.11

11. ^ Rapports de la baronnie de Cysoing 1392, 1455, 1595. Archives départementales. Etat général 81, 82, 88.

12. ^ Acta sanctorum II p. 971. Cartul. de Cys. p. 768, 905, 914, 919.

[edit] External links

* Catholic.org (English)

* www.amdg.be (French)

* FMG on Eberhard, Duke of the March of Friulia

--------------------

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eberhard_of_Friuli

--------------------

He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar.[1]

He inherited the title of Duke of Friuli from his father Unruoch II. His mother was Engeltrude, possibly a daughter of Beggo of Paris and Alpais.

His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, Eberhard, or Eberard, or in Latinized fashion Everardus, Eberardus, or Eberhardus. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus".[1]

--------------------

Eberhard of Friuli

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(Redirected from Eberhard I of Friuli)

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This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards.

Please improve this article if you can. (February 2007)

Eberhard (c. 815 – 16 December 866) was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846. He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar.[1]

He inherited the title of Duke of Friuli from his father Unruoch II. His mother was Engeltrude, possibly a daughter of Beggo of Paris and Alpais.

His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, or Eberard, from the Latin Everardus, Eberardus, or Eberhardus. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus".[1]

Contents

[hide]

* 1 A note on notability

* 2 Family

o 2.1 Children (with Gisela)

o 2.2 Disputed parentage

* 3 Education

* 4 Warlike exploits and role as mediator under Louis le Débonaire

* 5 Marriage and life at Cysoing

* 6 Foundation of the Abbey at Cysoing

* 7 Character

* 8 Pacifier

* 9 Wars with the Saracens

* 10 Testament and death

* 11 References

* 12 Notes

* 13 External links

[edit] A note on notability

"Saint Evrard, Duke of Frioul and son-in-law of Louis le Débonaire, was one of the principal personages of the Carolingian period. As his name belongs to a great history, our region could, in right name, be re-vindicated as one of his glories. Cysoing, above all, has the right to call itself Saint Evrard's village. The past of Saint Evrard and of the village of Cysoing are themselves intimately tied such that it is impossible to separate them. One would excuse us for therefore reuniting them."[2]

So reads the preface of an ecclesiatic work on Evrard and Cysoing. There was a "flurry" of research and publishing associated with the discovery of Evrard's body at Cysoing early in the twentieth century--this "flurry" was mostly limited to Lille/Roubaix and within elements of the Church.

[edit] Family

Evrard was from an illustrious Frankish family.[3]

[edit] Children (with Gisela)

* Eberhard (c. 837 – 840)

* Ingeltrude (837 or 840 – 870), probably married Henry of Franconia

* Unruoch III (c.840 – 874)

* Bèrenger (c.840 – 924), King of Italy

* Adélard (d. 874)

* Rudolf (d. 892)

* Heilwig (d. 895)

* Gisèle (d. 863)

* Judith of Friuli, first married Arnulf I of Bavaria, second married Conrad II of Auxerre

[edit] Disputed parentage

Paternity theories

* His father was Unruoch II.[4]

* "His father was Bèrenger, the son of Count Unroch."[2]

* "After other authors, Unroch, the grandfather of Saint Evrard, should have been the Duke of Frioul."[2]

* "Alas, some have written that Saint Evrard had for his father Carloman I, the brother of Charlemagne."[2]

* "His grandfather was, it is said, the Count Unroch who was leaving the court of Charlemagne and signatory to the will of the emperor."[2]

Maternity theories

* His mother was Engeltron of Paris, a daughter of Begue, Count of Paris and Aupals.[4]

* "As for his mother, she was, Buzelin says, the daughter of Didier, king of the Lombards."[2]

[edit] Education

Saint Evrard lived in the ninth century. He was born under the reign of Charlemagne and died under that of Charles the Bald.

Saint Evrard was elevated to the court of Charlemagne and of Louis the Débonaire. He took his education at the Palace School founded by Charlemagne and organized by Alcuin, where he studied from the medieval programs known as the trivium and the quadrivium. There he got a taste of the letters and sciences, at the same time that he developed his famous piety.[2]

It is without doubt that it was at the Palace School that Saint Evrard began to build the rich library of which he enumerates the books with so much care in his will.[5][6]

[edit] Warlike exploits and role as mediator under Louis le Débonaire

As soon as his age permitted him to carry arms, Saint Evrard took part in numerous military expeditions.[7] Named Duke of Frioul and Count or Marquis[8] de Trévise, in Italy, he defended his country against invasion by the Bulgars and managed to completely drive these new barbarians from the peninsula--825-830.[2]

He rendered service unto Louis le Débonaire that was still more distinguished. During the tragic years (830-839) where the emperor had suffered at the hand of his son's revolt the most indignified treatment, Count Evrard remained inviolably loyal.[2]

He exercised his influence in Lothair's sphere (the elder son of the emperor) to bring about a reconciliation between father and son. It is certain that it was on his council in 839, that Lothaire went to Worms to implore the pardon of his father.[9]

[edit] Marriage and life at Cysoing

In return for his services, the emperor Louis le Débonaire gave Count Evrard the highest honor possible: the hand of his (acknowledged) daughter, the Princess Gisèle, in marriage.

The Princess Gisèle, a woman of piety and virtue[2], was the daughter of Louis le Débonaire and his second wife, the empress Judith.[9]

Among the rich domains the Princess brought with her in her dowry, Count Evrard found the fisc of Cysoing.

One gives the name fisc, in this age, to large, rural properties separate from the royal domains; that is, to sorts of farms with a residence for the master and homes for settlers.[10]

The Royal Fisc of Cysoing, situated at the center of the country of Pèvele, was one of the most beautiful in the region. The stay seemed so agreeable to Saint Evrard and the Princess Gisèle that they made it one of their regular residences.[2]

The castle which they inhabited was without doubt the same as that of the lords of Cysoing in following centuries. It found itself part of a magnificent property, surrounded by water, that actually belongs to the family Bigo-Vanderhagen. The farming ditches were marked in the oldest documents.[11] It is not rash to think these were dug in Saint Evrard's time, or perhaps even earlier.[2]

Already, in the century before (in 752), the little hamlet established on the royal fisc of Cysoing has been made famous through the martyrdom of Saint Arnoul.[2]

Saint Arnoul, a courageous warrior, who was, it is said, the father of Godefroid, Bishop of Cambrai-Arras, had been attached to the court of a noble lord, his relative. "His virtues and his merits were so radiant that God accorded his prayers more than one miracle during his life. He became even more glorious through his martyrdom."[2] He was so devoted to his master that he eventually died for him[12] thus attaining martyrdom.[2]

Saint Arnoul was already honored at Cysoing when Saint Evrard and Princess Gisèle went to take possession of their domain. His relics were conserved there. Cysoing, of this age, has therefore a church, or less a chappel that was without doubt the same chappel as the royal fisc.[2]

[edit] Foundation of the Abbey at Cysoing

Saint Evrard, at Cysoing, had a chaplain named Walgaire.[2] They (Evrard and Gisèle) decided to found a monastery at Cysoing. The project was long and difficult, and was not complete at the time of Evrard's or Gisèle's deaths. The monastery was initially made in honor of Saint Saveur and Mary (mother of Jesus, not Magdalene). The religious lived there under canon law in a community with all the rigors of the cloister. Their special function was singing solemnly in the church. They maintained public prayer. Saint Evrard was known to enjoy singing with the choir.[2]

After his later campaigns in the defense of Italy, the remains of Pope Callixtus I were reinterred in the Abbey at Cysoing.[2][1]

[edit] Character

Saint Evrard, himself, has organized his home in a way so perfectly that it was more like a monastery than a castle. He was seconded in this task by his pious wife, Gisèle, who dedicated herself to the education of their many children. The poor and ill were sure of finding not only banal security at Cysoing, but also help and protection. The social question of the time, that of serfs, also preoccupied Saint Evrard. He had freed a good number. In their testimony, he expressly refrained from impeding their liberty. He never forgot those who he didn't free, and tried to improve their lots. Though he was a courageous and formidable, he worked all his life for peace. His private vertues were no less remarkable. In his elevated position, he strove to preserve modisty and humility, to avoid spleandour and arrogance. His zeal for the glory of God, to spread the Truth, to convert the infidels, was celebrated throughout the Church. Alas, his piety, his taste for ceremonies of worship, he devotion to the saints, his respect for the precious relics was apparent in his every act.[2]

[edit] Pacifier

Saint Evrard's activity was not limited to the royal fisc of Cysoing, as he involved himself freely with matters of other domaines and the empire in general. Emperor Louis the Debonaire went to die (840) and the war, a cruel war without mercy, exploded between the Emperor Lothaire and his two brothers, Louis le Germanique and Charles the Bald. Saint Evrard strongly deplored this fighting/battling and fratricide and made all efforts to bring it to an end. After the bloody battle of Fontenay (25 June 841), he left the ambassadorial envoy of Lothaire near that of Lothaire's brothers for peace negotiations. The preparatory conference took place in 842 at Milin, near Châlons in Champagne. It was decided to divide the empire between the three brothers. The negotiators, among which Evrard could be found, were charged with making the partitioning equitable/fair. It was not before August of 843 that they presented their report to the three kings at Verdun.[2]

[edit] Wars with the Saracens

The negotiations ended and peace was re-established between the three brothers, Saint Evrard left in haste for Italy. Italy was under threat from "African Saracens". These Saracens[2] had been named as helpers, in 842, by the Duke of Bénévent and they would soon become a threat to regimes throughout the peninsula. They menaced Rome and pillaged it many times. Saint Evrard, in his station as Duke of Frioul, was made a captain/leader of the resistance. The war wore on for several years and ended in 851 with the defeat of the Saracens.

"Evrard has a reputation for being both a courageous soldier and able leader throughout these battles. In the tradition of Charlemagne, Evrard forced the vanquished to convert to Christianity, meritoriously teaching them the Gospel, himself."[2]

[edit] Testament and death

Sometime after this solemnity, Saint Evrard returned to Italy. We find him in 858 among the ambassadors who the emperor Louis le Jeune, son of Lothaire, sent to Ulm, near his uncle Louis le Germanique. After this date, we know nothing more about Saint Evrard until his Testimony, a very interesting/curious/strange document, whose authenticity is certain and in which we are given information on the life of Saint Evrard. This Testimony was made in Italy, at Musiestro Castle, in the county of Trévise, in 867. Evrard and his consort meticulously recorded not only their lands and possessions within a prepared will, but the identities and relationships of family members and neighboring royals. With the agreement of his spouse, Princess Gisèle, Saint Evrard portioned his goods among his seven children.[2]

The eldest, Unroch, got all properties in Lombardy and Germany. the second, Bèrenger, got Annappes with its dedepencencies less Gruson and the other properties in the Hesbaye and in the Condrost. The third, Adélard, got the lands of Cysoing, Camphin, Gruson and Somain, with charges and respects of all the properties of the Abbey in these regions. The fourth, Rodolphe, got Vitry-en-Artois and Mestucha, except for the church at Vitry which was given with the Abbey at Cysoing.[2]

The three daughters of Saint Evrard, Ingletrude, Judith and Heilwich, got various other domains : Ermen, Marshem, Balghingham, Heliwsheim, Hostrenheim, Luisinga, Wendossa, Engerresteim. Saint Evrard had another daughter who carried the name of Gisèle, her mother. But she was dead at the time of his testimony. The testimony split equally the jewels and ornaments of the saint, the precious objects of his chappel and the books of his library. It is dated 867, the 28th year of the reign of Lothaire's son, Louis le Jeune. Saint Evrard died the same year, 16 December.[2]

[edit] References

* Theuws, Frans (2000). Rituals of Power: From Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages,503 pages/page 225,Christina La Rocca and Luigi Provero, THE DEAD AND THEIR GIFTS: THE WILL OF EBERHARD, COUNT OF FRIULI, AND HIS WIFE GISELA, DAUGHTER OF LOUIS THE PIOUS. Brill.

* Morby, John (1989). Dynasties of the World: a chronological and genealogical handbook. Oxford University Press.

* MacLagan, Michael (1999). Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe, 2nd edition. Little, Brown and Company.

--------------------

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eberhard_of_Friuli

--------------------

Eberhard (c. 815 – 16 December 866) was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846. He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar.[1]

He inherited the title of Duke of Friuli from his father Unruoch II. His mother was Engeltrude, possibly a daughter of Beggo of Paris and Alpais.

His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, or Eberard, from the Latin Everardus, Eberardus, or Eberhardus. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus".[1]

From www.wikipedia.org at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eberhard_of_Friuli

--------------------

Wiki: Eberhard of Friuli

Eberhard (c. 815 - 16 December 866) was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846. He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar.

He inherited the title of Duke of Friuli from his father Unruoch II. His mother was Engeltrude, possibly a daughter of Beggo of Paris and Alpais.

His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, or Eberard, from the Latin Everardus, Eberardus, or Eberhardus. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus".

Evrard

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Saint Evrard was a soldier in the court of Charlemagne--he was instrumental in the politics of the day. He resided near present-day Lille, France (Cysoing is a village of Lille metro), and was Duke of Frioul (Italian: Friuli, French: Frioul) from 846 to 863 (he inherited the title from his father[1]).

He had a relationship with the theologian Gottschalk. Other known associates included Raban Maur, Archbishop Hincmar of Reims, and Sedulius Scottus.[2]

An alternative spelling of this name is "Erhard". Also "Everardus" "Eberardus" "Eberard" "Eberhardus" "Eberhard". He wrote his own name "EWRARDUS".[2]

He died 16 December 867.[3] His feast day is 16 December.[2]

[edit]A note on notability

"Saint Evrard, Duke of Frioul and son-in-law of Louis le Débonaire, was one of the principle personages of the Carolingian period. As his name belongs to a great history, our region could, in right name, be re-vindicated as one of his glories. Cysoing, above all, has the right to call itself Saint Evrard's village. The past of Saint Evrard and of the village of Cysoing are themselves intimately tied such that it is impossible to separate them. One would excuse us for therefore reuniting them."[3]

So reads the preface of an ecclesiatic work on Evrard and Cysoing. There was a "flurry" of research and publishing associated with the discovery of Evrard's body at Cysoing early in the twentieth century--this "flurry" was mostly limited to Lille/Roubaix and within elements of the Church.

[edit]Family

Evrard was from an illustrious Frankish family.[4]

[edit]Children (with Princess Gisèle)

Eberhard (c. 837 – 840)

Ingeltrude (837 or 840 – 870), probably married Henry of Franconia

Unruoch III (c.840 – 874)

Bèrenger (c.840 – 924), King of Italy

Adélard (d. 874)

Rudolf (d. 892)

Heilwig (d. 895)

Gisèle (d. 863)

Judith of Friuli, first married Arnulf I of Bavaria, second married Conrad II of Auxerre

[edit]Siblings

Eberhard's brother was Berengar the Wise.

[edit]Disputed parentage

Father:

Theory 1: His father was Unruoch II.[1]

Theory 2a: "His father was Bèrenger, the son of Count Unroch."[3]

Theory 2b: "After other authors, Unroch, the grandfather of Saint Evrard, should have been the Duke of Frioul."[3]

Theory 3: "Alas, some have written that Saint Evrard had for his father Carloman, the brother of Charlemagne."[3]

Mother:

His mother was Engeltron of Paris, a daughter of Begue, Count of Paris and Aupals.[1]

"As for his mother, she was, Buzelin says, the daughter of Didier, king of the Lombards."[3]

[edit]Grandparents

"His grandfather was, it is said, the Count Unroch who was leaving the court of Charlemagne and signatory to the will of the emperor."[3]

(Review Theories 2a and 2b from Disputed Parentage.)

[edit]Education

Saint Evrard lived in the ninth century. He was born under the reign of Charlemagne and died under that of Charles the Bald.

Saint Evrard was elevated to the court of Charlemagne and of Louis the Débonaire. He took his education at the Palace School founded by Charlemagne and organized by Alcuin, where he studied from the medieval programs known as the trivium and the quadrivium. There he got a taste of the letters and sciences, at the same time that he developed his famous piety.[3]

It is without doubt that it was at the Palace School that Saint Evrard began to build the rich library of which he enumerates the books with so much care in his will.[5][6]

[edit]Warlike exploits and role as mediator under Louis le Débonaire

As soon as his age permitted him to carry arms, Saint Evrard took part in numerous military expeditions.[7] Named Duke of Frioul and Count or Marquis[8] de Trévise, in Italy, he defended his country against invasion by the Bulgars and managed to completely drive these new barbarians from the peninsula--825-830.[3]

He rendered service unto Louis le Débonaire that was still more distinguished. During the tragic years (830-839) where the emperor had suffered at the hand of his son's revolt the most indignified treatment, Count Evrard remained inviolably loyal.[3]

He exercised his influence in Lothair's sphere (the elder son of the emperor) to bring about a reconciliation between father and son. It is certain that it was on his council in 839, that Lothaire went to Worms to implore the pardon of his father.[9]

[edit]Marriage to the Princess Gisèle; their stay at Cysoing

In return for his services, the emperor Louis le Débonaire gave Count Evrard the highest honor possible: the hand of his (acknowledged) daughter, the Princess Gisèle, in marriage.

The Princess Gisèle, a woman of piety and virtue[3], was the daughter of Louis le Débonaire and his second wife, the empress Judith.[9]

Among the rich domains the Princess brought with her in her dowry, Count Evrard found the fisc of Cysoing.

One gives the name fisc, in this age, to large, rural properties separate from the royal domains; that is, to sorts of farms with a residence for the master and homes for settlers.[10]

The Royal Fisc of Cysoing, situated at the center of the country of Pèvele, was one of the most beautiful in the region. The stay seemed so agreeable to Saint Evrard and the Princess Gisèle that they made it one of their regular residences.[3]

The castle which they inhabited was without doubt the same as that of the lords of Cysoing in following centuries. It found itself part of a magnificent property, surrounded by water, that actually belongs to the family Bigo-Vanderhagen. The farming ditches were marked in the oldest documents.[11] It is not rash to think these were dug in Saint Evrard's time, or perhaps even earlier.[3]

Already, in the century before (in 752), the little hamlet established on the royal fisc of Cysoing has been made famous through the martyrdom of Saint Arnoul.[3]

Saint Arnoul, a courageous warrior, who was, it is said, the father of Godefroid, Bishop of Cambrai and Arras, had been attached to the court of a noble lord, his relative. "His virtues and his merits were so radiant that God accorded his prayers more than one miracle during his life. He became even more glorious through his martyrdom."[3] He was so devoted to his master that he eventually died for him[12] thus attaining martyrdom.[3]

Saint Arnoul was already honored at Cysoing when Saint Evrard and Princess Gisèle went to take possession of their domain. His relics were conserved there. Cysoing, of this age, has therefore a church, or less a chappel that was without doubt the same chappel as the royal fisc.[3]

[edit]Founding of the Abbey at Cysoing

Saint Evrard, at Cysoing, had a chaplain named Walgaire.[3] They (Evrard and Gisèle) decided to found a monastery at Cysoing. The project was long and difficult, and was not complete at the time of Evrard's or Gisèle's deaths. The monastery was initially made in honor of Saint Saveur and Mary (mother of Jesus, not Magdalene). The religious lived there under canon law in a community with all the rigors of the cloister. Their special function was singing solemnly in the church. They maintained public prayer. Saint Evrard was known to enjoy singing with the choir.[3]

After his later campaigns in the defense of Italy, the remains of Pope Callixtus I were reinterred in the Abbey at Cysoing.[3][2]

[edit]Virtues of Saint Evrard

Saint Evrard, himself, has organized his home in a way so perfectly that it was more like a monastery than a castle. He was seconded in this task by his pious wife, Gisèle, who dedicated herself to the education of their many children. The poor and ill were sure of finding not only banal security at Cysoing, but also help and protection. The social question of the time, that of serfs, also preoccupied Saint Evrard. He had freed a good number. In their testimony, he expressly refrained from impeding their liberty. He never forgot those who he didn't free, and tried to improve their lots. Though he was a courageous and formidable, he worked all his life for peace. His private vertues were no less remarkable. In his elevated position, he strove to preserve modisty and humility, to avoid spleandour and arrogance. His zeal for the glory of God, to spread the Truth, to convert the infidels, was celebrated throughout the Church. Alas, his piety, his taste for ceremonies of worship, he devotion to the saints, his respect for the precious relics was apparent in his every act.[3]

[edit]Saint Evrard, Pacifier

Saint Evrard's activity was not limited to the royal fisc of Cysoing, as he involved himself freely with matters of other domaines and the empire in general. Emperor Louis the Debonaire went to die (840) and the war, a cruel war without mercy, exploded between the Emperor Lothaire and his two brothers, Louis le Germanique and Charles the Bald. Saint Evrard strongly deplored this fighting/battling and fratricide and made all efforts to bring it to an end. After the bloody battle of Fontenay (25 June 841), he left the ambassadorial envoy of Lothaire near that of Lothaire's brothers for peace negotiations. The preparatory conference took place in 842 at Milin, near Châlons in Champagne. It was decided to divide the empire between the three brothers. The negotiators, among which Evrard could be found, were charged with making the partitioning equitable/fair. It was not before August of 843 that they presented their report to the three kings at Verdun.[3]

[edit]Versus the Saracens (North African Muslims)

The negotiations ended and peace was re-established between the three brothers, Saint Evrard left in haste for Italy. Italy was under threat from "African Saracens". These Saracens[3] had been named as helpers, in 842, by the Duke of Bénévent and they would soon become a threat to regimes throughout the peninsula. They menaced Rome and pillaged it many times. Saint Evrard, in his station as Duke of Frioul, was made a captain/leader of the resistance. The war wore on for several years and ended in 851 with the defeat of the Saracens.

"Evrard has a reputation for being both a courageous soldier and able leader throughout these battles. In the tradition of Charlemagne, Evrard forced the vanquished to convert to Christianity, meritoriously teaching them the Gospel, himself."[3]

[edit]Renaming of Saint Evrard in the Church

Saint Evrard had played a large role in this victory. A large service was held in his honor by the Church and his country. In this way his name had come to be celebrated in all of Christianity. The most pious Prelats and the most illustrious members of the Church sought his friendship....[3]

[edit]Saint Evrard's last years; his will; his death

Sometime after this solemnity, Saint Evrard returned to Italy. We find him in 858 among the ambassadors who the emperor Louis le Jeune, son of Lothaire, sent to Ulm, near his uncle Louis le Germanique. After this date, we know nothing more about Saint Evrard until his Testimony, a very interesting/curious/strange document, whose authenticity is certain and in which we are given information on the life of Saint Evrard... This Testimony was made in Italy, at Musiestro Castle, in the county of Trévise, in 867. With the agreement of his spouse, Princess Gisèle, Saint Evrard portioned his goods among his seven children.[3]

[edit]Division of properties/inheritances

The eldest, Unroch, got all properties in Lombardy and Germany. the second, Bèrenger, got Annappes with its dedepencencies less Gruson and the other properties in the Hesbaye and in the Condrost. The third, Adélard, got the lands of Cysoing, Camphin, Gruson and Somain, with charges and respects of all the properties of the Abbey in these regions. The fourth, Rodolphe, got Vitry-en-Artois and Mestucha, except for the church at Vitry which was given with the Abbey at Cysoing.[3]

The three daughters of Saint Evrard, Ingletrude, Judith and Heilwich, got various other domains : Ermen, Marshem, Balghingham, Heliwsheim, Hostrenheim, Luisinga, Wendossa, Engerresteim. Saint Evrard had another daughter who carried the name of Gisèle, her mother. But she was dead at the time of his testimony. The testimony split equally the jewels and ornaments of the saint, the precious objects of his chappel and the books of his library. It is dated 867, the 28th year of the reign of Lothaire's son, Louis le Jeune. Saint Evrard died the same year, 16 December.[3]

--------------------

Eberhard (c. 815 – 16 December 866866

Events...

) was the Frankish Duke of FriuliDuke of Friuli

The dukes and margraves of Friuli were the rulers of the Duchy of Friuli and March of Friuli in the Midde Ages.The dates given below, when contentious, are discussed in the articles of the respective dukes....

from 846. He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian EmpireCarolingian Empire

Carolingian Empire is a historiography term sometimes used to refer to the Francia under the Carolingian dynasty. This dynasty is seen as the founders of France and Germany....

during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literatureLatin literature

Latin literature, the body of literature in the Latin language, remains an enduring legacy of the culture of ancient Rome of ancient Rome. The Romans produced many works of poetry, comedy, tragedy, satire, history, and rhetoric, drawing heavily on the traditions of other cultures and particularly on the more matured Greek literature....

from Lupus ServatusLupus Servatus

Lupus Servatus, also Servatus Lupus , in French Loup , was a Carolingian Benedictine abbot of Ferri?res, member of Charles the Bald's court and noted theological author of the ninth century....

and Sedulius ScottusSedulius Scottus

Sedulius Scottus was Irish teacher, grammarian and Scriptural commentator, who lived in the ninth century.Sedulius is sometimes called Sedulius the Younger, to distinguish him from Coelius Sedulius also, probably, an Irishman, the author of the Carmen Paschale, and other sacred poems....

, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders GottschalkGottschalk (theologian)

Gottschalk , a theology, was born near Mainz, and was given to the monastic life from infancy by his parents. His father was a Saxon people, Count Bern....

, Rabanus MaurusRabanus Maurus

Rabanus Maurus Magnentius , also known as Hrabanus or Rhabanus, was a Franks Benedictine monk, the archbishop of Mainz in Germany and a Theology....

, and Hincmar.

--------------------

Eberhard (c. 815 – 16 December 866) was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846. He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar.[1]

He inherited the title of Duke of Friuli from his father Unruoch II. His mother was Engeltrude, possibly a daughter of Beggo of Paris and Alpais.

His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, Eberhard, or Eberard, or in Latinized fashion Everardus, Eberardus, or Eberhardus. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus".[1]

Contents [hide]

1 A note on notability

2 Family

2.1 Children (with Gisela)

2.2 Disputed parentage

3 Education

4 Warlike exploits and role as mediator under Louis le Débonaire

5 Marriage and life at Cysoing

6 Foundation of the Abbey at Cysoing

7 Character

8 Pacifier

9 Wars with the Saracens

10 Testament and death

11 References

12 Notes

13 External links

[edit]A note on notability

"Saint Evrard, Duke of Frioul and son-in-law of Louis le Débonaire, was one of the principal personages of the Carolingian period. As his name belongs to a great history, our region could, in right name, be re-vindicated as one of his glories. Cysoing, above all, has the right to call itself Saint Evrard's village. The past of Saint Evrard and of the village of Cysoing are themselves intimately tied such that it is impossible to separate them. One would excuse us for therefore reuniting them."[2]

So reads the preface of an ecclesiatic work on Evrard and Cysoing. There was a "flurry" of research and publishing associated with the discovery of Evrard's body at Cysoing early in the twentieth century--this "flurry" was mostly limited to Lille/Roubaix and within elements of the Church.

[edit]Family

Evrard was from an illustrious Frankish family.[3]

[edit]Children (with Gisela)

Eberhard (c. 837 – 840)

Ingeltrude (837 or 840 – 870), probably married Henry of Franconia

Unruoch III (c.840 – 874)

Bèrenger (c.840 – 924), King of Italy

Adélard (d. 874)

Rudolf (d. 892)

Heilwig (d. 895)

Gisèle (d. 863)

Judith of Friuli, first married Arnulf I of Bavaria, second married Conrad II of Auxerre

[edit]Disputed parentage

Paternity theories

His father was Unruoch II.[4]

"His father was Bèrenger, the son of Count Unroch."[2]

"After other authors, Unroch, the grandfather of Saint Evrard, should have been the Duke of Frioul."[2]

"Alas, some have written that Saint Evrard had for his father Carloman I, the brother of Charlemagne."[2]

"His grandfather was, it is said, the Count Unroch who was leaving the court of Charlemagne and signatory to the will of the emperor."[2]

Maternity theories

His mother was Engeltron of Paris, a daughter of Begue, Count of Paris and Aupals.[4]

"As for his mother, she was, Buzelin says, the daughter of Didier, king of the Lombards."[2]

[edit]Education

Saint Evrard lived in the ninth century. He was born under the reign of Charlemagne and died under that of Charles the Bald.

Saint Evrard was elevated to the court of Charlemagne and of Louis the Débonaire. He took his education at the Palace School founded by Charlemagne and organized by Alcuin, where he studied from the medieval programs known as the trivium and the quadrivium. There he got a taste of the letters and sciences, at the same time that he developed his famous piety.[2]

It is without doubt that it was at the Palace School that Saint Evrard began to build the rich library of which he enumerates the books with so much care in his will.[5][6]

[edit]Warlike exploits and role as mediator under Louis le Débonaire

As soon as his age permitted him to carry arms, Saint Evrard took part in numerous military expeditions.[7] Named Duke of Frioul and Count or Marquis[8] de Trévise, in Italy, he defended his country against invasion by the Bulgars and managed to completely drive these new barbarians from the peninsula--825-830.[2]

He rendered service unto Louis le Débonaire that was still more distinguished. During the tragic years (830-839) where the emperor had suffered at the hand of his son's revolt the most indignified treatment, Count Evrard remained inviolably loyal.[2]

He exercised his influence in Lothair's sphere (the elder son of the emperor) to bring about a reconciliation between father and son. It is certain that it was on his council in 839, that Lothaire went to Worms to implore the pardon of his father.[9]

[edit]Marriage and life at Cysoing

In return for his services, the emperor Louis le Débonaire gave Count Evrard the highest honor possible: the hand of his (acknowledged) daughter, the Princess Gisèle, in marriage.

The Princess Gisèle, a woman of piety and virtue[2], was the daughter of Louis le Débonaire and his second wife, the empress Judith.[9]

Among the rich domains the Princess brought with her in her dowry, Count Evrard found the fisc of Cysoing.

One gives the name fisc, in this age, to large, rural properties separate from the royal domains; that is, to sorts of farms with a residence for the master and homes for settlers.[10]

The Royal Fisc of Cysoing, situated at the center of the country of Pèvele, was one of the most beautiful in the region. The stay seemed so agreeable to Saint Evrard and the Princess Gisèle that they made it one of their regular residences.[2]

The castle which they inhabited was without doubt the same as that of the lords of Cysoing in following centuries. It found itself part of a magnificent property, surrounded by water, that actually belongs to the family Bigo-Vanderhagen. The farming ditches were marked in the oldest documents.[11] It is not rash to think these were dug in Saint Evrard's time, or perhaps even earlier.[2]

Already, in the century before (in 752), the little hamlet established on the royal fisc of Cysoing has been made famous through the martyrdom of Saint Arnoul.[2]

Saint Arnoul, a courageous warrior, who was, it is said, the father of Godefroid, Bishop of Cambrai-Arras, had been attached to the court of a noble lord, his relative. "His virtues and his merits were so radiant that God accorded his prayers more than one miracle during his life. He became even more glorious through his martyrdom."[2] He was so devoted to his master that he eventually died for him[12] thus attaining martyrdom.[2]

Saint Arnoul was already honored at Cysoing when Saint Evrard and Princess Gisèle went to take possession of their domain. His relics were conserved there. Cysoing, of this age, has therefore a church, or less a chappel that was without doubt the same chappel as the royal fisc.[2]

[edit]Foundation of the Abbey at Cysoing

from "Our Folk" by Albert D Hart, Jr.

Is this the same person as Eberhard of Sülichgau?[Custer February 1, 2002Family Tree.FTW]

[merge G675.FTW]

Is this the same person as Eberhard of Sülichgau?

from "Our Folk" by Albert D Hart, Jr.

_P_CCINFO 2-2438

_P_CCINFO 1-20792

[large-G675.FTW]

Is this the same person as Eberhard of Sülichgau?

from "Our Folk" by Albert D Hart, Jr.

Hertig av Friuli

_P_CCINFO 2-2438

Disputed parentage:
Father:
* Theory 1: His father was Unruoch II.
* Theory 2a: "His father was Bèrenger, the son of Count Unroch."
* Theory 2b: "After other authors, Unroch, the grandfather of Saint Evrard, should have been the Duke of Frioul."
* Theory 3: "Alas, some have written that Saint Evrard had for his father Carloman, the brother of Charlemagne."
Mother:
* His mother was Engeltron of Paris, a daughter of Begue, Count of Paris and Aupals.
* "As for his mother, she was, Buzelin says, the daughter of Didier, king of the Lombards."

MARGRAVE OF SPOLETO

1 NAME Everhard (or Eberhart) of /Friuli/ 2 SOUR S033320 3 DATA 4 TEXT Date of Import: Jan 17, 2001 1 BIRT 2 DATE ABT. 815 2 PLAC of, Saxony, Germany 2 SOUR S033320 3 DATA 4 TEXT Date of Import: Jan 17, 2001 1 DEAT 2 DATE 16 DEC 866 2 PLAC ,Italy 2 SOUR S033320 3 DATA 4 TEXT Date of Import: Jan 17, 2001

[De La Pole.FTW]
Sources: RC 185, 269, 272, 404; Coe; Pfafman; A. Roots 192; Kraentzler 1458; AF.
Roots: Eberhard, Margrave of Friuli. Margrave of Friuli. (NEHGR 99:243 chart). Also called Everard/Eberhard.
From this couple descended the Margarves of Friuli. RC: Marquis of Friuli. Grandson of Gerenger, an East Frank--possibly the Girard (RIN 3709) cited by Roots and NEHGR, Vol. 99. He was great-grandson of that man. No indication if this a maternal or paternal connection.

887309076. Markgreve/Hertug Eberhard UNROUGHSON Friaul (22064) died in 865/66. (22065) He died in 866. He was a Markgreve in Friuli. He was a Markgreve eller hertug in Friaul.(3775) Han var bror av den i 835 døde hertug Berengar av Septimanien, var sønn av en frankisk adelsmann, kom til Italien ca 830 og fikk før 936 den orientalske mark. Som Lothars vasall forvaltet han markgrevskapet Friaul og hadde store godser i områdene ved midtre og nedre Maas og i Flandern. Det var han som 854 stiftet klostret Cyssoing ved Ryssel i Flandern, hvilket blev hans siste hvilested. -Han hørte til rikets mest ansette menn, kjent for sin gjestfihet. Var tilstede ved riksdagen i Diedenhofen mai 836, møtte 842 i Clamey ved Yonne hos Lothar som gesandt. Han var frankernes seierrike fører i kampene mot slavere og saracenerne. Han holdt hoff i Cividale og i sitt slott Musetre, hvor han samlet sin tids lærde menn. Sedulio Scota var sanger ved hans familiebegivenheter. Forøvrig var han angivelig sannesøn av Desiderius, longobardernes høvding. He was married to Gisela LUDWIGSDTR av Franken between 863 and 840. (22066)

SOURCE NOTES:
Occupation: Marki of Friaul
Kom til Italy ca. 830. Forvaltet markgrevskapet Friaul, and hadde store
eiendo
mmer ved Maas and in Flanders. Stiftet klostret Cyssoing ved Ryssel in
Flanders,
som ble hans siste hvilested. Kjent for sin gjestfrihet. Was frankernes
f*rer
i kamper mot sarasenere and slavere. Hadde sin tids laerdeste menn and
fremste
diktere ved hoffet.

Eberhard (c. 815 - 16 December 866) was the Frankish Duke of Friuli from 846. He was an important political, military, and cultural figure in the Carolingian Empire during his lifetime. He kept a large library, commissioned works of Latin literature from Lupus Servatus and Sedulius Scottus, and maintained a correspondence with the noted theologians and church leaders Gottschalk, Rabanus Maurus, and Hincmar.[1]

He inherited the title of Duke of Friuli from his father Unruoch II. His mother was Engeltrude, possibly a daughter of Beggo of Paris and Alpais.

His name is alternatively spelled Everard, Evrard, Erhard, Eberhard, or Eberard, or in Latinized fashion Everardus, Eberardus, or Eberhardus. He wrote his own name "Evvrardus".[1]

A note on notability
"Saint Evrard, Duke of Frioul and son-in-law of Louis le Débonaire, was one of the principal personages of the Carolingian period. As his name belongs to a great history, our region could, in right name, be re-vindicated as one of his glories. Cysoing, above all, has the right to call itself Saint Evrard's village. The past of Saint Evrard and of the village of Cysoing are themselves intimately tied such that it is impossible to separate them. One would excuse us for therefore reuniting them."[2]

So reads the preface of an ecclesiatic work on Evrard and Cysoing. There was a "flurry" of research and publishing associated with the discovery of Evrard's body at Cysoing early in the twentieth century--this "flurry" was mostly limited to Lille/Roubaix and within elements of the Church.

Family
Evrard was from an illustrious Frankish family.[3]

Children (with Gisela)
Eberhard (c. 837 - 840)
Ingeltrude (837 or 840 - 870), probably married Henry of Franconia
Unruoch III (c.840 - 874)
Bèrenger (c.840 - 924), King of Italy
Adélard (d. 874)
Rudolf (d. 892)
Heilwig (d. 895)
Gisèle (d. 863)
Judith of Friuli, first married Arnulf I of Bavaria, second married Conrad II of Auxerre

[edit] Disputed parentage
Paternity theories
His father was Unruoch II.[4]
"His father was Bèrenger, the son of Count Unroch."[2]
"After other authors, Unroch, the grandfather of Saint Evrard, should have been the Duke of Frioul."[2]
"Alas, some have written that Saint Evrard had for his father Carloman I, the brother of Charlemagne."[2]
"His grandfather was, it is said, the Count Unroch who was leaving the court of Charlemagne and signatory to the will of the emperor."[2]
Maternity theories
His mother was Engeltron of Paris, a daughter of Begue, Count of Paris and Aupals.[4]
"As for his mother, she was, Buzelin says, the daughter of Didier, king of the Lombards."[2]
Education
Saint Evrard lived in the ninth century. He was born under the reign of Charlemagne and died under that of Charles the Bald.

Saint Evrard was elevated to the court of Charlemagne and of Louis the Débonaire. He took his education at the Palace School founded by Charlemagne and organized by Alcuin, where he studied from the medieval programs known as the trivium and the quadrivium. There he got a taste of the letters and sciences, at the same time that he developed his famous piety.[2]

It is without doubt that it was at the Palace School that Saint Evrard began to build the rich library of which he enumerates the books with so much care in his will.[5][6]

Warlike exploits and role as mediator under Louis le Débonaire
As soon as his age permitted him to carry arms, Saint Evrard took part in numerous military expeditions.[7] Named Duke of Frioul and Count or Marquis[8] de Trévise, in Italy, he defended his country against invasion by the Bulgars and managed to completely drive these new barbarians from the peninsula--825-830.[2]

He rendered service unto Louis le Débonaire that was still more distinguished. During the tragic years (830-839) where the emperor had suffered at the hand of his son's revolt the most indignified treatment, Count Evrard remained inviolably loyal.[2]

He exercised his influence in Lothair's sphere (the elder son of the emperor) to bring about a reconciliation between father and son. It is certain that it was on his council in 839, that Lothaire went to Worms to implore the pardon of his father.[9]

Marriage and life at Cysoing
In return for his services, the emperor Louis le Débonaire gave Count Evrard the highest honor possible: the hand of his (acknowledged) daughter, the Princess Gisèle, in marriage.

The Princess Gisèle, a woman of piety and virtue[2], was the daughter of Louis le Débonaire and his second wife, the empress Judith.[9]

Among the rich domains the Princess brought with her in her dowry, Count Evrard found the fisc of Cysoing.

One gives the name fisc, in this age, to large, rural properties separate from the royal domains; that is, to sorts of farms with a residence for the master and homes for settlers.[10]

The Royal Fisc of Cysoing, situated at the center of the country of Pèvele, was one of the most beautiful in the region. The stay seemed so agreeable to Saint Evrard and the Princess Gisèle that they made it one of their regular residences.[2]

The castle which they inhabited was without doubt the same as that of the lords of Cysoing in following centuries. It found itself part of a magnificent property, surrounded by water, that actually belongs to the family Bigo-Vanderhagen. The farming ditches were marked in the oldest documents.[11] It is not rash to think these were dug in Saint Evrard's time, or perhaps even earlier.[2]

Already, in the century before (in 752), the little hamlet established on the royal fisc of Cysoing has been made famous through the martyrdom of Saint Arnoul.[2]

Saint Arnoul, a courageous warrior, who was, it is said, the father of Godefroid, Bishop of Cambrai-Arras, had been attached to the court of a noble lord, his relative. "His virtues and his merits were so radiant that God accorded his prayers more than one miracle during his life. He became even more glorious through his martyrdom."[2] He was so devoted to his master that he eventually died for him[12] thus attaining martyrdom.[2]

Saint Arnoul was already honored at Cysoing when Saint Evrard and Princess Gisèle went to take possession of their domain. His relics were conserved there. Cysoing, of this age, has therefore a church, or less a chappel that was without doubt the same chappel as the royal fisc.[2]

Foundation of the Abbey at Cysoing
Saint Evrard, at Cysoing, had a chaplain named Walgaire.[2] They (Evrard and Gisèle) decided to found a monastery at Cysoing. The project was long and difficult, and was not complete at the time of Evrard's or Gisèle's deaths. The monastery was initially made in honor of Saint Saveur and Mary (mother of Jesus, not Magdalene). The religious lived there under canon law in a community with all the rigors of the cloister. Their special function was singing solemnly in the church. They maintained public prayer. Saint Evrard was known to enjoy singing with the choir.[2]

After his later campaigns in the defense of Italy, the remains of Pope Callixtus I were reinterred in the Abbey at Cysoing.[2][1]

Character
Saint Evrard, himself, has organized his home in a way so perfectly that it was more like a monastery than a castle. He was seconded in this task by his pious wife, Gisèle, who dedicated herself to the education of their many children. The poor and ill were sure of finding not only banal security at Cysoing, but also help and protection. The social question of the time, that of serfs, also preoccupied Saint Evrard. He had freed a good number. In their testimony, he expressly refrained from impeding their liberty. He never forgot those who he didn't free, and tried to improve their lots. Though he was a courageous and formidable, he worked all his life for peace. His private vertues were no less remarkable. In his elevated position, he strove to preserve modisty and humility, to avoid spleandour and arrogance. His zeal for the glory of God, to spread the Truth, to convert the infidels, was celebrated throughout the Church. Alas, his piety, his taste for ceremonies of worship, he devotion to the saints, his respect for the precious relics was apparent in his every act.[2]

Pacifier
Saint Evrard's activity was not limited to the royal fisc of Cysoing, as he involved himself freely with matters of other domaines and the empire in general. Emperor Louis the Debonaire went to die (840) and the war, a cruel war without mercy, exploded between the Emperor Lothaire and his two brothers, Louis le Germanique and Charles the Bald. Saint Evrard strongly deplored this fighting/battling and fratricide and made all efforts to bring it to an end. After the bloody battle of Fontenay (25 June 841), he left the ambassadorial envoy of Lothaire near that of Lothaire's brothers for peace negotiations. The preparatory conference took place in 842 at Milin, near Châlons in Champagne. It was decided to divide the empire between the three brothers. The negotiators, among which Evrard could be found, were charged with making the partitioning equitable/fair. It was not before August of 843 that they presented their report to the three kings at Verdun.[2]

Wars with the Saracens
The negotiations ended and peace was re-established between the three brothers, Saint Evrard left in haste for Italy. Italy was under threat from "African Saracens". These Saracens[2] had been named as helpers, in 842, by the Duke of Bénévent and they would soon become a threat to regimes throughout the peninsula. They menaced Rome and pillaged it many times. Saint Evrard, in his station as Duke of Frioul, was made a captain/leader of the resistance. The war wore on for several years and ended in 851 with the defeat of the Saracens.

"Evrard has a reputation for being both a courageous soldier and able leader throughout these battles. In the tradition of Charlemagne, Evrard forced the vanquished to convert to Christianity, meritoriously teaching them the Gospel, himself."[2]

Testament and death
Sometime after this solemnity, Saint Evrard returned to Italy. We find him in 858 among the ambassadors who the emperor Louis le Jeune, son of Lothaire, sent to Ulm, near his uncle Louis le Germanique. After this date, we know nothing more about Saint Evrard until his Testimony, a very interesting/curious/strange document, whose authenticity is certain and in which we are given information on the life of Saint Evrard. This Testimony was made in Italy, at Musiestro Castle, in the county of Trévise, in 867. Evrard and his consort meticulously recorded not only their lands and possessions within a prepared will, but the identities and relationships of family members and neighboring royals. With the agreement of his spouse, Princess Gisèle, Saint Evrard portioned his goods among his seven children.[2]

The eldest, Unroch, got all properties in Lombardy and Germany. the second, Bèrenger, got Annappes with its dedepencencies less Gruson and the other properties in the Hesbaye and in the Condrost. The third, Adélard, got the lands of Cysoing, Camphin, Gruson and Somain, with charges and respects of all the properties of the Abbey in these regions. The fourth, Rodolphe, got Vitry-en-Artois and Mestucha, except for the church at Vitry which was given with the Abbey at Cysoing.[2]

The three daughters of Saint Evrard, Ingletrude, Judith and Heilwich, got various other domains : Ermen, Marshem, Balghingham, Heliwsheim, Hostrenheim, Luisinga, Wendossa, Engerresteim. Saint Evrard had another daughter who carried the name of Gisèle, her mother. But she was dead at the time of his testimony. The testimony split equally the jewels and ornaments of the saint, the precious objects of his chappel and the books of his library. It is dated 867, the 28th year of the reign of Lothaire's son, Louis le Jeune. Saint Evrard died the same year, 16 December.[2]

References
Theuws, Frans (2000). Rituals of Power: From Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages,503 pages/page 225,Christina La Rocca and Luigi Provero, THE DEAD AND THEIR GIFTS: THE WILL OF EBERHARD, COUNT OF FRIULI, AND HIS WIFE GISELA, DAUGHTER OF LOUIS THE PIOUS. Brill.
Morby, John (1989). Dynasties of the World: a chronological and genealogical handbook. Oxford University Press.
MacLagan, Michael (1999). Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe, 2nd edition. Little, Brown and Company.

Notes
^ a b c Belgian and Celtic Saints (French)
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z "Saint Evrard : Fondateur de L'Abbaye de Cysoing : Son Culte & Ses Reliques" by Abbott Jules BATAILLE (1902)
^ Sources : Chevalier. Répertoires des sources historiques au mot Eberhard. Don Boquet. Rerum gallicarum et francicarum scriptores T. VII ; Acta sanctorum VIeme volume d'Octobre. --Buzelin Gallo-Flandria I 102 ; III, 107-109 usw
^ a b The Royal Ancestry Bible Royal Ancestors of 300 Colonial American Families by Michel L. Call (charts 1986 & 2022) ISBN 1-933193-22-7
^ voir plus loin page 12
^ Translator : "C'est sans doute à l'Ecole du palais que saint Evrard commença à se composer cette riche bibliothèque dont il énumère les livres avec tant de soin dans son testament."
^ Les Sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan, p. 14
^ Les Sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan, p. 14 -- Rerum gallicarum et francicarum scriptores usw
^ a b Les Sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan
^ Les sires de Cysoing par Thierry Leuridan p.11
^ Rapports de la baronnie de Cysoing 1392, 1455, 1595. Archives départementales. Etat général 81, 82, 88.
^ Acta sanctorum II p. 971. Cartul. de Cys. p. 768, 905, 914, 919.

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