Stamboom familie Eilders » Antje Beving (1838-1916)

Persoonlijke gegevens Antje Beving 

• Zij is geboren op 26 april 1838 in Holthusen, Ostfriesland, Hannover.
• Gedoopt (op 8-jarige leeftijd of later) door het priesterschapsgezag van de LDS-kerk op 18 juni 1981 in Washington.
• Zij is overleden op 29 december 1916 in Landschaftspolder, Hannover, Preussen, Germany, zij was toen 78 jaar oud.
• Een kind van Dirk Everts Ubben Beving en Trientje Jans Freeksen

Gezin van Antje Beving

Zij is getrouwd met Marcus Relotius.

Zij zijn getrouwd op 28 april 1867 te Landschaftspolder, Ostfriesland, Germany, zij was toen 29 jaar oud.

Kind(eren):

1. Katherine Louise Relotius  1876-????
2. Diederich Eberhard Relotius  1874-????
3. Marcus Ludwig Relotius  1881-????
4. Anna Relotius  1878-1928
5. Tetta Hinderika Relotius  1868-1933
6. Martha Relotius  1867-1933 
7. Ayold Relotius  1872-1929 
8. Ayoldine Relotius  1870-1907

Notities over Antje Beving

1. Source info is Beving Family Tree Book, Herald Print, Wellsburg, Iowa 1941, copy of Ruth Sigman in possession of Denney Pugmire. Also Hans/George Boyken research in Germany.

2. Holthausen:

Holthausen, Schmallenberg, Sauerland, Westfalia, Preussen, Germany

Holthausen is in Schmallenberg which is in Sauerland which is part of Prussia (now Germany)

(Schmallenberg)

The beginnings.,

,. of getting living 10 probably lies in the early period in. Century gergruendeten lady pin Meschede. In the year 1314 in the goods listing of the Mescheder of pin for "curtis into Durrenholthusen", the later yard king into getting living, the Naturalabgaben is converted into cash payments. In the year 1580 a Nebenhof was sold in upper churches at the Drosten Kaspar by prince mountain. Under this aristocracy family prince mountain was converted the Kirchspiel upper churches, to which also getting living belonged, since 1572 into a court district and in 19. Century as family estate states. Beside the pin Meschede was the neighbouring, in the 11. Century geruendete abbey county important yard and basic owner in getting living. Get-lives was subordinate since 1829 the Buergermeisterei Schmallenberg and became 1841 with the Kirchspiel top of the again formed office Schmallenberg. Since 1 January 1975 getting living belongs to the again formed city Schmallenberg. With getting living is the neighbouring Huxel, church and in a friendly manner connected.

(Sauerland)

Sauerland

The Sauerland is a rural region which is located in the middle of western Germany, roughly between Dortmund and Kassel. Thus it is the southern part of Westfalen, which used to be a province of Prussia. It is traditionally an area with a very high percentage of Roman Catholics. The landscape is mountainious with a lot of woods on the mountains. The highest mountains are Langenberg and the Kahler Asten with almost 900 m above sea level. In the valleys there are little rivers flowing, and normally every 2 or 3 km there is another village along the river. In early 19th century there was almost no industrial production (besides a few iron- and copperworks), and life was dominated by farmwork. Today there is a rather strong industrial production, there are big famous breweries (due to the Sauerlanders´ preference for good "Pilsener"), and the region is much more prosperous than in the days of the emigrants. The small mountains are still wooded, deliver a lot of timber, and are suitable hiking area.

Brief History of Emigration

Around 1755 some farmers of the Sauerland began to leave their homes in order to start new farms in the Banat area in Hungary. They were promised land by the Austrian Emperor in that depopulated area, which was newly reconquered from the Turks. Till 1790 thousands of farmer families took the chance to settle in the Banat, because in Germany their land holdings were either too small or they didn`t own land at all. The emigration to the Banat was the first "wave" of people leaving the Sauerland, which lasted till around 1790.

By the year 1833 population had increased that much again, some people dicovered it was best to emigrate to the United States of America. The economy of the Sauerland was based on agriculture, and had almost no industries besides a few iron- and copper-works. The farms were merely self-sufficient, and if there was a surplus of the harvest it was traded for things, that could not be made on the farm itself. Agricultural acreage was limited, while population kept on growing and growing. In America, they heard, they would be able to start an own farm, because good land was cheap in the West. In America land could be bought from the land office for 1.25 $ per acre. It looks like most of the first emigrants from rural areas like the Sauerland came to America in order to start a farm in the new western states. They took the sailing ship from Bremen or Antwerp and arrived in New York or in New Orleans. From NY they went on by boat to Detroit, MI and from New Orleans they went to St. Louis, MO, because in the hinterland of those cities they could expect the promised cheap land for farming. A very good and well known example is the group of Sauerlanders under the leadership of Rev. Anton Kopp, who founded a Catholic settlement in the wilderness of Michigan in 1836, which they called Westphalia in honour of the province of their origin (there are also places named Westphalia in KS, Iowa, and MO, which were founded later).

Some families, who had sold their house and land in Germany, brought enough money to start a small farm in the wilderness right away. But certainly a great many of the emigrants -especially the young, unmarried men - needed first to make some money in the city, before they had saved the neccessary dollars to start a farm. By the time working in the city a great deal of the immigrants decided it was easier to start a small business in the city than working on a farm in the middle of nowhere. Thus quite many of the Sauerlanders who first had in mind to farm prefered to stay workers, craftsmen, or became eventually businessmen in a fast growing city like Detroit. Detroit soon turned out to be the destination of most of the Sauerlanders, because former neighbours or related families in Germany were attracted by encouraging letters, and later by the story of success told on visits in Germany. By 1880 there was a very big Sauerlander community in east-side Detroit along Gratiot Ave., mostly members of the Catholic St. Joseph`s parish.

Young men, who came to America often were deserters. But the reason for emigration was not the fear to serve in the Prussian Army for three years, the reason of those young men to emigrate was poverty and hopelessness. Close to all those young men who deserted the army, did not have any property, and they couldn´t expect to inherit the farm of their parents, because they were not the first-born sons. The regional inheritance custom was, that the oldest son, sometimes the oldest daughter usually inherited the farm, while the siblings got a small amount of money - their "Kindteil" - which was often merely enough to pay the one-way-ticket to America. This way the farm and its land holdings was not split into four or more equal shares. But it made those second-, third- and fourth-born sons and daughters look for better economic conditions in America. Why should the young men waste three years of their live in the Prussian Army, if they had already in mind to leave Prussia forever Also the fact, that the older first-born brother usually served in the army for three years, demonstrates, that having to serve the Prussian Army was not the decisive reason to leave Prussia, but an addtional reason to leave Prussia before turning 21.

Beginning in 1833 the peak of emigration from Southern Westphalia to America was reached in the late 1840s and in the 1850s. The number of people who left Prussia was so high, local government officials would speak of an "emigration-craving" or "America-fever". Around 1880 till 1885 there was a last mass-emigration taking place in Southern Westphalia. This time families who wanted to start a farm had to settle much further west, e.g. in Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Nebraska and South Dakota. Due to the economic development in the Sauerland and its neighbouring region (the very fast growing industrial Ruhr-area) emigration to America came out of fashion. There is almost no emigration recorded from 1885 thru 1922. But after WW I., when the German economy was down, and inflation was incredibly high (at the peak of inflation in November 1923 a normal bread would cost several billion Reichsmark) a few young men and women remembered they had an uncle in America, who could help them make a start there.

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