Stamboom Eric Esterhuizen » Marthinus David RAS (1735-1816)

Persoonlijke gegevens Marthinus David RAS 

• Hij is geboren in het jaar 1735.

  Let op: Was ouder dan 65 jaar (67) toen kind (Marthinus David RAS) werd geboren (11 november 1802).

  Let op: Was ouder dan 65 jaar (69) toen kind (Christina Adriana RAS) werd geboren (29 juli 1804).

• Hij werd gedoopt op 1 oktober 1735.
• Hij is overleden in het jaar 1816 in Farm Papskuilfontein, Nieuwoudsville (Pos.), hij was toen 81 jaar oud.
• Hij is begraven in Farm Papskuilfontein, Nieuwoudsville (Pos.).
• Een kind van Hendrik Christiaan RAS en Susanne SENEKAL
• Een kind van Hendrik Christiaan RAS
• Deze gegevens zijn voor het laatst bijgewerkt op 25 maart 2010.

Gezin van Marthinus David RAS

Hij is getrouwd met Christina Adriana HAUMAN.

Zij zijn getrouwd op 14 april 1771, hij was toen 36 jaar oud.

Kind(eren):

1. Hendrik Christiaan RAS  -< 1836
2. Susanna Elizabeth RAS  1776-????
3. Maria Margaretha RAS  -< 1836
4. Martinus Nicolaas RAS   
5. Christina Alida RAS  1782-????
6. Hendrik Willem RAS  1785-1838 
7. Nicolaas Johannes RAS  1787-1867
8. Christiaan David RAS  1790-1866 
9. Marthinus David RAS  1802-< 1836
10. Christina Adriana RAS  1804-< 1836

Notities over Marthinus David RAS

The Vernacular Architecture Society of South Africa (VASSA) started a project in 1999 to
record some threatened farm complexes in the region. For about 100 years the area of the
Onder-Bokkeveld was the northern limit of the Dutch East India Company's colony in Southern
Africa. First settled in the 1740s, further northward expansion was limited both by low annual
rainfall and hostile occupation by Khoe and San tribes. Once all the available water sources and
land were occupied, the farms were sub divided as the sons of the farm owners could no longer
trek to new pastures. These sub divisions were later legalized in the late 1800s when formal
partitioning was allowed. In many cases the water sources and dwellings remained as shared
assets, becoming divided into smaller and smaller portions as the generations passed. One farm
has this shared portion (called the «i»vierkant«/i») in fractions as small as 1/80 th..10
Another such farm, Papkuilsfontein11, is now all in the hands of one family. Situated 25 km
south of Nieuwoudtville, Papkuilsfontein was given out as a loan farm to Christoffel Burgert
some time before 1758.12 Close to the «i»Ordonnantie «/i»(the centre-point of the loan farm) lies the
farm's graveyard (Fig. 2). It is separated by a sandstone «i»koppie «/i»from the dwellings.
10 Groenrivier, the site of the town of Nieuwoudtville.
11 The present spelling will be used throughout but it has been spelt as Papekuilsfontein and Papenkuildfontyn.
12 CA: RLR 15/1 p. 273. Grazing licence given to Heemraad Pieter Loubser on 3rd October 1758, vacated by
Christoffel Burgert.
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«i»Figure 2. Farm diagram B331/1820 of Papkuilsfontein.
«/i»It was decided to survey this graveyard and try to determine its age and the identity of its
occupants. In January 2005 a general survey was carried out. This was done by setting out a
baseline and plotting the gravesites as horizontal coordinates along and perpendicular to this
line (Fig. 5). Thirty-six identifiable graves were found, mostly consisting of an undressed
vertical stone at the head and foot of a mound covered by loosely packed rocks. Seven of the
graves had formal dressed headstones. Although not easily discernable from the survey diagram,
when on site there appeared to be two distinct alignments for the graves. Those thought to be
older and running closer to the «i»koppie «/i»run at a slightly different angle to those known to be later,
i.e. the Nels.
40
Much of the stone in this area is covered with lichen, including the seven formal headstones,
which prevented them from being read. Application was made to the South African Heritage
Resource Agency, which has jurisdiction in the Northern Cape, for permission to clean the
lichen from the gravestones.
«b»Cleaning Process
«/b»The species of the lichen was tentatively identified by Dr Tasillo Feuerer of the University of
Hamburg as mostly belonging to the foliose genus «i»Xanthoparmelia «/i»from the family
«i»Parmeliaceae«/i», with some crustose lichen of the genus «i»Lecidea«/i». Advice on the best method to
remove the lichen was provided by Royden Yates, then of Iziko Museums. Amongst the
information provided was a paper concerning the removal of lichen from an engraved memorial
to the American poet Walt Whitman (Wainright 1986).
Due to budgetary constraints further identification of the lichen to determine their similarity
to those described in the paper was not possible. However, they were from the same genus and
it was decided to use the same cleaning solutions.
Three solutions were described:
a) 5% (mass/volume) solution of sodium hypochlorite in water,
b) Denatured ethanol (ethyl alcohol),
c) 0.1% (mass/volume) solution of ortho-phenylphenol in denatured ethanol (ethyl
alcohol).
Due to the similarities of solutions b) and c) it was decided to omit b).
Solution a) was easy to obtain, while the active ingredient in solution c) had to be imported
from Germany. This delay gave time for solution a) to be tested. The difference between the two
solutions is that a) is a weak acid and c) is a biocide. There was concern that the acid solution
might damage the headstones. Six of these were made from Table Mountain Sandstone (TMS)
local to the Onder Bokkeveld and the remaining one was of slate. A 12.5% concentration
solution of a) was applied to a sample of TMS to test for permanent damage. None was
apparent.
The site was visited on the 16th September 2005 to treat the stones. Digital photographs were
taken of the seven gravestones at each stage. The gravestones were numbered 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 9 and
11 from the survey.
To test the efficacy of the solutions it was decided to treat each half of the stones with the
different solutions i.e. the left-hand half with solution a) and the right-hand with c). Two
applications of each solution were made, thoroughly wetting the surface. It was noted that a)
made the surface instantly wet with the excess solution running down the face of the gravestone.
This solution had an immediate effect on the lichen, probably due to its acidity. Solution c)
seemed to be absorbed more into the surface. The coverage rates were also different. Solution a)
was 0.9 m2/«i»l «/i»(1.11«i»l«/i»/m2) whereas solution c) was 2.3 m2/«i»l «/i»(0.43«i»l«/i»/m2)«i». «/i»For interest's sake, stone 3
was wrapped in plastic to exclude any air to see how this would affect the lichen.
One month later the site was revisited. As the owner of the farm was going to let cattle into
the area to graze, the wrapping from stone 3 was removed (for some reason cattle eat plastic).
No discernable difference was seen between the lichen remaining on stone 3 and the other
treated stones. The left-hand face of the stones (solution a) was clean and any remaining lichen
appeared to be dead. On the right-hand face (solution c) the lichen was discoloured and lighter
in hue than untreated areas. However, the lichen still appeared alive so a second treatment was
carried out.
At the end of November a team revisited the site to carryout the final cleaning and record the
inscriptions. The lichen treated with solution c) appeared to have recovered and was
indistinguishable from the untreated lichen. Initially, efforts were made to remove the remaining
lichen with a nylon brush (washing up brush) but this proved ineffective. The remaining lichen
on the left-hand faces was hard and the delicate use of a soft brass brush was resorted to. The
lichen on the right-hand was mostly removed with a soft plastic scraper. The final hard deposits
41
were taken off with the brass brush. Not all lichen was cleaned off, just enough to enable the
inscriptions to be read.
«i»Figure«/i»
Possible interments shown in italics.
«i»Martinus David Ras «/i»(b2c6d1) = 1-10-1735 † between 1815 and 1818 (from Opgaafrolle) x 14-4-1771
«i»Adriana Christina Hauman «/i»† before 1836 (not included in L & D Account)
«i»Hendrik Christiaan «/i»=17-10-1773 † before 1836 (not included in L & D Account)
Susanna Elizabeth =21-1-1776 x 29-3-1792 Gerrit Michiel Visagie
«i»Maria Margaretha «/i»=22-2-1778 † before 1836 (not included in L & D Account)
x 20-3-1796 David Frederik Spangenberg
45
Martinus Nicolaas = c 1780 (listed in 1832 Opgaafrolle) x 19-10-1800 Anna Magdalena
Engelbrecht
«i»Susanna Maria «/i»*5-8-1801
Martinus David = 28-8-1803 (listed in 1832 Opgaafrolle) x Christina Adrianna Visagie
«i»Martinus Nicolaas David «/i»* 1-7-1822
«i»Gerrit Michiel «/i»* 10-9-1824
Hermanus Nicolaas * 25-8-1805 (listed in 1832 Opgaafrolle) x Martha Francina Petronella
Spangenberg
Children born in Natal
Hendrik Willem = 4-9-1808 (listed in 1832 Opgaafrolle) x Anna Margaretha Mouton
Children born in Natal
«i»Anna Magdalena «/i»= 28-1-1810
Johannes * 13-6-1811 went on Great Trek (listed in 1832 Opgaafrolle)
«i»Nicolaas Johannes «/i»* 4-11-1816
«i»Christiaan David «/i»*11-8-1820
«i»Elizabeth «/i»*2-5-1823
Willem Adriaan *20-9-1824 x Jienie Christina Hermann
Christina Alida = 6-10-1782 x 5-10-1800 Frederik Johannes Strauss
Hendrik Willem * 23-10-1785 † in Paarl 6-8-1838 x 27-10-1808 Petronella Helena Cillier † in
Paarl 11-11-1856
Petronella married in 1840
«i»Christina Adriana Alida «/i»* 31-1-1810 † young
Christina Adriana Alida married in 1838
«i»Susanna Maria Cornelia «/i»= 13-7-1823
Nicolaas Johannes * 17-6-1787 † 1-11-1867 x Christina van Wyk † 13-2-1862 on Driefontein
Children born in the Roggeveld
Christiaan David = 28-3-1790 x Maria Margaretha van Zyl went on the Great Trek (listed in
1832 Opgaafrolle)
«i»Martinus David «/i»* 19-10-1815
«i»Christiaan David Nicolaas «/i»* 2-11-1819
«i»Hendrik Willem Johannes «/i»* 15-9-1821
«i»Martinus David «/i»* 11-11-1802 † before 1836 (not included in L & D Account)
«i»Christina Adriana «/i»* 29-7-1804 † before 1836 (not included in L & D Account)
Seven most probable, 11 possible.
«b»Other Residents
«/b»Papkuilsfontein was one of the farms that had a high proportion of «i»bywoners «/i»(tenant farmers)
in residence. Among these were the Diergaard and Esterhuizen families. They were not
permanently employed by one farmer and seemed to move about from one farm to the next year
by year. Although these people were Christians, they were of a poorer class and little evidence
remains of their passing in the written records. However, if they died whilst residing at
Papkuilsfontein they would undoubtedly have been buried there.
«b»Conclusion
«/b»It was decided to survey a graveyard and record if possible who was interred there. Thirtysix
graves were identified. By cleaning the gravestones with inscriptions five people were
identified by name. Looking at the genealogy of the two families that rented the farm in the late
18th and 19th centuries, a possible further thirty-one burials could be guessed at. This number,
plus the probability of «i»bywoners «/i»having died on the farm, we believe gives an acceptable
comparison between the number of graves and the number of people possibly living and dying
there.

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