Stamboom Bas » Tiridates III "de Grote" van Armenië (280-330)

Persoonlijke gegevens Tiridates III "de Grote" van Armenië 

• Hij is geboren in het jaar 280.

  Let op: Was jonger dan 16 jaar (15) toen kind (Khosro III "de Kleine" van Armeni?) werd geboren (??-??-295).

• (Geschiedenis) .Bron 1

  Tiridates IV of Trdat IV (Armeens: ????? ?) (ca. 280 – ca. 330), ook wel Tiridates de Grote (Armeens: ????? ???) genoemd, was van 298 tot 330 koning van het Koninkrijk Armenië. In het jaar 301 verklaarde hij het Christendom tot staatsgodsdienst.[1] Hiermee was Armenië, destijds een protectoraat van het Romeinse Rijk, het eerste land dat het Christendom omarmde. Tiridates wordt daarom door de Armeens-apostolische Kerk gezien als een Heilige.
  
  Historische gegevens
  
  Na de moord op zijn vader wordt Tiridates als kind opgevoed in Rome.
  296: de Perzen - onder Narseh - veroveren Armenië.
  297: de Romeinen vallen de Perzen aan, worden eerst verslagen maar weten uiteindelijk de Perzen te overwinnen. Romeinen en Perzen sluiten vrede. Armenië wordt binnen de Romeinse invloedssfeer ingedeeld en moet enkele westelijke gebieden afstaan maar wordt gecompenseerd met gebieden in de Kaukasus.
  298: Tiridates IV wordt door de Romeinen als koning van Armenië aangeduid.
  ca. 301: hij verklaart het christelijk geloof tot staatsgodsdienst, daarmee is Armenië het eerste officieel christelijke land in de geschiedenis.
  Tiridates is de drijvende kracht achter de bekering van Armenië tot het christendom, wat gepaard gaat met hevige gevechten met de clans die zich tegen de bekering verzetten maar eindigt met het vestigen van een sterkere koninklijke macht.
  315: Tiridates benoemt Gregorius de Verlichter tot patriarch.
  
  Tiridates IV werd begraven in Tordan (Doganköy bij Trabzon).
  
  Hij was gehuwd met Aschken, dochter van Aschadar, koning van de Alanen.
  Verwarring met Tiridates III
  
  Tiridates III en Tiridates IV worden vaak als een zelfde persoon gezien, en dan Tiridates III genoemd. Tiridates III was echter de oom van Tiridates IV en regeerde van 287 tot 298, hij werd door Tiridates IV opgevolgd.
  Legende
  
  Volgens de legende had een van de zonen van de moordenaar van Tiridates' vader, zich bekeerd tot het christendom en was - onder de naam Gregorius - secretaris van Tiridates geworden. Op een bepaalde dag weigerde hij, om namens de koning, een bloemenkrans bij een godenbeeld neer te leggen waarop Tiridates hem in een kerker liet werpen. Toen later een groep maagden uit het Romeinse Rijk naar Armenië vluchtte om de geloofsvervolging te ontkomen, wilde Tiridates een mooie jonge maagd als minnares nemen. Zij weigerde en alle maagden werden daarop doodgemarteld. God strafte Tiridates met waanzinnigheid en hij ging zich als een wild zwijn gedragen. De zuster van de koning herinnerde zich Gregorius in de kerker en liet hem eruit halen. Zijn prediking genas de koning. De koning bekeerde zich tot het christendom en benoemde Gregorius tot eerste patriarch van Armenië.

• (Levens event) .Bron 2

  Tiridates III (spelled Trdat; Armenian: ????? ?; 250-330) was the king of Arsacid Armenia (287-330), and is also known as Tiridates the Great ????? ???; some scholars incorrectly refer to him as Tiridates IV as a result of the fact that Tiridates I of Armenia reigned twice). In 301, Tiridates proclaimed Christianity as the state religion of Armenia, making the Armenian kingdom the first state to embrace Christianity officially.
  
  Tiridates III was the son of Khosrov II of Armenia by an unnamed mother, the latter being assassinated in 252 by a Parthian agent named Anak under orders from Ardashir I. Tiridates had one known sibling, a sister called Khosrovidukht and was the namesake of his paternal grandfather, Tiridates II of Armenia. Anak was captured and executed along with most of his family, while his son, Gregory the Illuminator, were sheltered in Caesaria, in Cappadocia. Being the only surviving heir to the throne, Tiridates was quickly taken away to Rome soon after his father’s assassination while still an infant. He was educated in Rome and was skilled in languages and military tactics;[2][3] in addition he firmly understood and appreciated Roman law. The Armenian historian Movses Khorenatsi described him as a brave and strong warrior who participated in the battles against enemies. He personally led his army to victories in many battles.
  Kingship
  
  In 270 the Roman emperor Aurelian engaged the Sassanids, who had now replaced the Parthians, on the eastern front and he was able to drive them back. Tiridates, as the true heir to the now Persian-occupied Armenian throne, came to Armenia and quickly raised an army and drove the enemy out in 287. When Tiridates returned to Armenia, he made the city of Vagharshapat, his capital in the kingdom as Vagharshapat was the capital of his late father.[4] The Roman-Armenian alliance grew stronger, especially while Diocletian ruled the empire. This can be attributed to the upbringing of Tiridates, the consistent Persian aggressions and the murder of his father by Anak. With Diocletian's help, Tiridates pushed the Persians out of Armenia.[2] In 299, Diocletian left the Armenian state in a quasi-independent and protectorate status possibly to use it as a buffer in case of a Persian attack.[5] Tiridates married an Alani Princess called Ashkhen in 297 by whom he had three children: a son called Khosrov III, a daughter called Salome[6] and an unnamed daughter who married St. Husik I, one of the earlier Catholicoi of the Armenian Apostolic Church.
  Conversion
  St. Tiridates
  ??. ????? ??? ???????
  Honored in Armenian Apostolic Church
  Patronage Armenia
  The baptism of Tiridates III
  
  The traditional story of the conversion of the king and the nation tells of how Gregory the Illuminator the son of Anak, was a Christian convert who, feeling guilt for his own father’s sin, joined the Armenian army and worked as a secretary to the king. Christianity in Armenia had a strong footing by the end of the 3rd century but the nation by and large still followed pagan polytheism. Tiridates was no exception as he too worshiped various ancient gods. During a pagan religious ceremony Tiridates ordered Gregory to place a flower wreath at the foot of the statue of the goddess Anahit in Eriza. Gregory refused, proclaiming his Christian faith. This act infuriated the king. His fury was only exacerbated when several individuals declared that Gregory was in fact, the son of Anak, the traitor who had killed Tiridates’s father. Gregory was tortured and finally thrown in Khor Virap, a deep underground dungeon.
  
  During the years of Gregory’s imprisonment, a group of virgin nuns, led by Gayane, came to Armenia as they fled the Roman persecution of their Christian faith. Tiridates heard about the group and the legendary beauty of one of its members, Rhipsime. He brought them to the palace and demanded to marry the beautiful virgin; she refused. The king had the whole group tortured and killed. After this event, he fell ill and according to legend, adopted the behavior of a wild boar, aimlessly wandering around in the forest. Khosrovidukht, had a dream wherein Gregory was still alive in the dungeon and he was the only one able to cure the king. At this point it had been 13 years since his imprisonment, and the odds of him being alive were slim. They retrieved him and despite being incredibly malnourished he was still alive. He was kept alive by a kind-hearted woman that threw a loaf of bread down in Khor Virap [1] every day for him.
  
  Tiridates was brought to Gregory, and was miraculously cured of his illness in 301.[7] Persuaded by the power of the cure, the king immediately proclaimed Christianity the official state religion. And so, Armenia became the first nation to officially adopt Christianity. Tiridates appointed Gregory as Catholicos of the Armenian Apostolic Church.
  Rest of reign
  
  The switch from the traditional pagan Armenian religion to Christianity was not an easy one. Tiridates often used force to impose this new faith upon the people and many armed conflicts ensued, because polytheism was deeply rooted in the Armenian people. An actual battle took place between the king's forces and the pagan camp, resulting in the weakening of polytheistic military strength. Tiridates thus spent the rest of his life trying to eliminate all ancient beliefs and in doing so destroyed countless statues, temples and written documents. As a result, little is known from local sources about ancient Armenian history and culture. The king worked feverishly to spread the faith and died in 330. Movses Khorenatsi states that several members of the nakharar families conspired against Tiridates and eventually poisoned him.[8]
  
  Tiridates III, Ashkhen and Khosrovidukht are Saints in the Armenian Apostolic Church and their feast day is on the Saturday after the fifth Sunday after Pentecost.[9] On this feast day To the Kings is sung.[10] Their feast day is usually around June 30.

• Hij is overleden in het jaar 330, hij was toen 50 jaar oud.
• Hij is begraven in Tordan (Doganköy).
• Een kind van Khosro II van Armenië en NN van Bosporus
• Deze gegevens zijn voor het laatst bijgewerkt op 11 december 2012.

Gezin van Tiridates III "de Grote" van Armenië

Hij is getrouwd met Ashkhen van de Alanen.

Zij zijn getrouwd

Kind(eren):

1. NN van Armenië   
2. Salome van Ujarma   
3. Khosro III "de Kleine" van Armenië  295-339 

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