Peter of Diokleia or Petar (Serbian Cyrillic: ???a?) was an archon of Duklja in the 10th or 11th century. The only information on him is from a seal found in the 19th century, which is decorated on the observe with a bust of the Virgin Mary holding a medallion of Christ and flanked by two cruciform invocative monograms. The text is in Greek letters, saying ????[?]? ???????S ?????[?]??[S] ???? (Petr[o]u, Archontos Diokl[e]ias, Amen), i.e. "[Seal] of Peter, archon of Duklja, Amen". The seal shows that although Duklja underwent turmoil in the 9th century, the region still continued under Byzantine rule or at least cultural influence.[1]
The stamp was kept in the Medal cabinet of Berlin and before 1884 it was in a decayed condition. Illustration based on the original by Dardel, was first published in 1884 by Gustave Schlumberger.
The history of Duklja until the 10th century is little known.[2] A list of mythological rulers of this time exist in the dubious Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja compiled in the 13th century or even the 16th and 17th centuries. In this chronicle, the father of Prince Jovan Vladimir (ruled ca. 1000 1016) is named Petrislav, possibly meaning that Peter and Petrislav are the same
Petrislav (Serbian Cyrillic: ?????????) was ruler of Duklja (or Diokleia), the most powerful Serbian principality of the time,[1] until his death in around 1000.[2] It is unknown when his reign started. The only preserved medieval source that mentions Petrislav is the Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja. Historians identify him with Peter of Diokleia whose seal was found in the 19th century, which makes Petrislav the earliest Duklja's ruler whose existence is confirmed by primary historical sources.[2][3]
According to the chronicle, after his father's death, the rule was divided among his three sons: Petrislav ruled Zeta, while Dragimir ruled Travunia and Zachumlia (to the west), and Miroslav ruled Podgoria (to the north). After the youngest brother Miroslav died, Petrislav, as the oldest, inherited his land, thus bringing the whole of Duklja (Zeta and Podgoria) under his rule.[4]
Petrislav was buried in the Church of the Holy Virgin Mary in Krajina. He was succeeded by his son Jovan Vladimir.
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