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Walter Stewart (c. 1296[1] – 9 April 1327) was the 6th Hereditary High Steward of Scotland and was the father of King Robert II of Scotland, the first Stewart monarch.
He was born at Bathgate Castle,[1] West Lothian, Scotland, the eldest son and heir of James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland (c.1260-1309) by his third wife Giles (Latinised to Egidia) de Burgh, a daughter of the Irish nobleman Walter de Burgh, 1st Earl of Ulster.[2][3]
Career
At the age of 21 Walter fought against the English at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314[4] where according to some sources, together with Douglas he commanded the left wing of the Scots' army,[5] but according to other sources was (due to his youth and inexperience) merely the nominal leader of one of the four (or three[6]) Scottish schiltrons, the effective leader being his cousin James Douglas, Lord of Douglas.[7] For his services at Bannockburn, Walter was appointed Warden of the Western Marches and was rewarded with a grant of the lands of Largs, which had been forfeited by King John Balliol. In 1316 Stewart donated those lands to Paisley Abbey.[8]
Following the liberation of King Robert the Bruce's wife, Elizabeth de Burgh, and daughter Marjorie, from their long captivity in England, Walter the High Steward was sent to receive them at the Anglo-Scottish Border and conduct them back to the Scottish royal court.[5] He later married Marjorie, receiving the Barony of Bathgate in Linlithgowshire as part of his wife's dowry.[9]
During the absence of King Robert the Bruce in Ireland, Walter the High Steward and Sir James Douglas managed government affairs and spent much time defending the Scottish Borders. Upon the capture of Berwick-upon-Tweed from the English in 1318 he took command of the town which subsequently on 24 July 1319 was besieged by King Edward II of England. Several of the siege engines were destroyed by the Scots' garrison whereupon Walter the Steward suddenly rushed in force from the walled town to drive off the enemy. In 1322, with Douglas and Thomas Randolph, he made an attempt to surprise the English king at Byland Abbey, near Malton in Yorkshire, but Edward escaped, pursued towards York by Walter the Steward and 500 horsemen.[5]
In about 1320/26 Walter, Steward of Scotland, granted by charter to John St. Clair, his valet, the lands of Maxton, Roxburghshire, one of the witnesses being Roberto de Lauwedir tunc justiciario Laudonie ("Robert de Lauder, then Justiciar of Lothian").[10]
Marriages and children
He married twice:
Firstly in 1315 to Princess Marjorie, the only daughter of King Robert I of Scotland by his first wife Isabella of Mar. By Marjorie he had one son:[11]
King Robert II of Scotland (born 1316-died 1390), the first monarch of the House of Stewart who reigned as King of Scotland from 1371 to his death in 1390.
Secondly he married Isabel de Graham, believed to have been a daughter of Sir John Graham of Abercorn, by whom he had three further children:[12]
John Stewart of Ralston.
Sir Andrew Stewart, knight.
Egidia Stewart, who married three times: firstly to Sir James Lindsay of Crawford Castle; secondly to Sir Hugh Eglinton; and thirdly to Sir James Douglas of Dalkeith.
Death and burial
He died on 9 April 1327 at Bathgate Castle and was buried in the Abbey Church of Paisley, alongside his first wife, Marjorie Bruce, and his five High Steward ancestors. A memorial on the wall of the Abbey is inscribed as follows:[13]
'Stewart01' Index links to: Lead / Letter
Families covered: Stewards of Scotland, Stewart of Menteith, Stewart of Ralston
Walter Stewart, 3rd Hereditary/High Steward of Scotland (d 1241)
m. Beatrix (dau of Gilchrist, 4th Earl of Angus)
1.Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland (d 1283)
m. Jean Macrory (dau of James Macrory of Bute and Arran)
A.James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland (b c1243, d 16.07.1309)
** TSP reported only James's marriage to Egidia Burgh. For some time, trusting TSP, we showed Egidia as mother of Walter, 6th Steward. It was not until a contributor (EN, 26.04.06) kindly pointed out that this is disputed, not least because it has been reported that Walter was born some years before James married Egidia, that we investigated further and found that, whilst many agree with TSP, it seems accepted by some (but not all) of the web sites that we have some faith in (eg. 'RoyalData' does) that the mother of Walter was in fact Cecilia of Dunbar. We follow this suggestion PROVISIONALLY and with some reservation because it seems surprising that TSP should make such a mistake on what, for many Scottish genealogists, is an important matter. Our concern is not eased by the fact that some of the web sites that identify Cecilia as mother of Walter have clearly made a mistake on the identity of Cecilia's own mother. This will be subjected to further review in due course!! **
m1. Cecilia of Dunbar (dau of Patrick, 5th Earl of Dunbar)
i.Andrew Stewart (dvpsp)
ii.Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland (b 1292, d 1325) §D
m1. Marjorie Bruce (dau of Robert Bruce, King Robert 1 of Scots)
a.Robert Stewart, King Robert II of Scots (b 02.03.1316, d 19.04.1390)J
m1. (1347) Elizabeth Mure (dau of Sir Adam Mure of Rowallan)J
m2. Eupheme Ross (dau of Hugh, 4th Earl of Ross)--
m2. Isabella Graham (sister of Sir John Graham of Abercorn)
b.Sir John Stewart of Ralston or Railston
m. Alicia Mure (dau of Sir Reginald Mure of Abercorn)
(1)Sir Walter Stewart of Ralston (a 1416, dsp)
(2)John Stewart (dsp)
(3)Marjory Stewart (d 1438)--
m1. Sir Alexander Lindsay of Glenesk (d 10.1381)--
m2. Sir Henry Douglas of Lugton and Lochleven--
(4)Egidia or Eupheme Stewart--
m. Sir Patrick Graham of Kincardine and Dundalf (a 1394)--
(5)Margaret Stewart
m. (1388) John Hay of Tullibody (d before 06.1418)
c.Andrew Stewart
d.Egidia (Jill) Stewart (d by 06.1406)--
m1. Sir James Lindsay of Crawford (d 1358)--
m2. Sir Hugh Eglinton of that ilk
m3. (c10.1378, sp) Sir James Douglas of Dalkeith (d 1420)
m2. (c1296?) Egidia (Jill) de Bourg (dau of Walter de Burgh, 1st Earl of Ulster)
iii.Sir John Stewart (d 1318)
iv.Sir James Stewart of Durrisdeer
BLG1952 (Wardlaw-Ramsay) reports that Henry "is said to have married a dau. of Sir James Stewart of Durrisdeer, and niece of Walter, the High Steward". However, BP1934 (Moray) reports that James died without issue.
a.daughter--
m. Henry de Wardlaw, 1st of Wilton (a 1306)--
v.Egidia (Jill) Stewart--
m. Alexander of Menzies--
B.Sir John Stewart of Bonkyl (d Falkirk, 1298)
m. Margaret Bonkyl (dau/heiress of Sir Alexander Bonkyl of that ilk)
C.Andrew Stewart
m. _ Bethe (dau of James Bethe)
D.Elizabeth Stewart (d by 1289)--
m. Sir William, Lord of Douglas ("le Hardi", a 1256, d 1298)--
E.daughter--
m. Sir Alexander de Lindsay of Crawford (d 1307)--
F.Mary Stewart probably of this generation--
m. Edward de Cunynghame of Kilmaurs (d 1285)--
Reported by TCP (Lovel of Castle Cary) to have been sister of Sir James FitzAlan, Steward of Scotland, and mother of Muriel, was ...
G.Hawise (FitzAlan) Stewart
m. Sir John de Soules / Soulis, Guardian of Scotland
i.William de Soules or Soulis, Butler of Scotland §D
ii.Muriel de Soules (d 1318)
m. (before 1307) Richard Lovel, 1st Lord of Castle Cary (d 31.01.1350/1)
iii.daughter--
m. John de Keith (dvp 1324)--
2.John Stewart (d 1249)
3.Walter Stewart, Earl of Menteith (a 1292)
m. Mary, Countess of Menteith (dau of Maurice, 3rd Earl of Menteith)
A.Alexander Stewart, 6th Earl of Menteith (d c1300)
m. Maud / Matilda (possibly Matilda de Arnot)
i.Alan Stewart, 7th Earl of Menteith (d c1308)
m. Marjorie
a.Mary Stewart, Countess of Menteith
m. (before 05.1334) Sir John Graham, 9th Earl of Menteith (d c06.03.1346-7)
ii.Piers Stewart (a 1297)
iii.Sir Murdoch Stewart, 8th Earl of Menteith (d Dupplin, 12.08.1332)
m. Alice (possibly a Ferrers of Groby)
iv.Alexander Stewart or Menteith
a.Margaret Stewart or Menteith possibly of this generation--
m. Roger Mortimer of Foulis--
B.Sir John Menteth, Sheriff of Dunbarton (d c1323)--
4.Eupheme Stewart (d c1267)Y
m. (c 1213) Patrick, 6th Earl of Dunbar (d 1248)Y
5.Margaret StewartJR
m. Neil, 2nd Earl of Carrick (d 1256)JR
6.Elizabeth StewartJ
m. Maldouen, 3rd Earl of Lennox (b c1190, d c1260)J
7.daughter--
m. Donald, Lord of the Isles (d 1250)--
Main source(s): TSP (Kings of Scotland), TSP (Menteith)