Hans Strik » Koenraad I van Luxemburg (????-1086)

Persoonlijke gegevens Koenraad I van Luxemburg 

• Titel: Graaf van LuxemburgBron 1
• Hij is overleden op 8 augustus 1086 in Palestina.Bron 1
• Een kind van Giselbert van Luxemburg
• Deze gegevens zijn voor het laatst bijgewerkt op 18 augustus 2014.

Gezin van Koenraad I van Luxemburg

Hij is getrouwd met Clementia.

Zij zijn getrouwd voor 1080.Bron 1

Kind(eren):

1. Ermesende van Luxemburg  ????-1141 

Notities over Koenraad I van Luxemburg

CONRAD, son of GISELBERT Graf von Salm [Luxembourg] & his wife --- (-in Palestine 8 Aug 1086, bur [1090 Luxembourg Münster Abbey]). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "comitis Conradis" as son of "Gislebertus comes de Luscelenburch"[152]. Vogt of St Maximin at Trier and of Stablo. He succeeded his father in [1056/59] as Comte [de Luxembourg]. He captured Eberhard Archbishop of Trier, for which he was excommunicated[153]. "Conradus comes" founded the Benedictine abbey of Münster [Altmünster] in Luxembourg, with the consent of "uxore mea Clementia cum filiis et filiabus nostris", by charter dated 7 Jul 1083[154]. He died while on the pilgrimage which had been required before his excommunication could be lifted[155]. He is referred to as "Comes de Luccilinburg" on the seals of Münster abbey, the first of his family to which this title was ascribed[156]. The Chronicon of Bernold records the death in 1086 of "Chonradus comes, frater Heremanni regis" while on pilgrimage to Jerusalem[157]. His tomb at Münster records the death of “comes Conradus...peregrinus sepultus in terra decenter non sua...VI Id Aug” 1086, the return of his body four years later, and its burial in the presence of “conjuge sua Clementia, per manum Adalberonis primicerii Metensis, Henrici comitis, Conrardique comitis...Rodolpho abbate filio comitis”[158].

There is considerable confusion regarding the wife or wives of Comte Conrad. It is likely that Comte Conrad married twice. Alternatively, he may have had a single wife to whom all the references below refer, although if this was correct she would have had a considerable lifespan considering that Conrad´s grandson by his daughter Mathilde is named in 1087 (see below):

[m --- de Poitou, daughter of --- [Duke of Aquitaine, Comte de Poitou] & his wife ---. Her marriage and family origin are confirmed by the charter dated 1088 under which "Regina ex prosapia non obscura…comitis Cononis filia qui frater extit Conraldi viri…in itinere Jerosolimitano defuncti, generi nimirum comitis Pictaviensis" donated property to the abbey of Marcigny-sur-Loire for the foundation of the priory of Aiwaille[159]. Fabri identifies "Conradi" as Conrad Comte de Luxembourg, suggesting that "frater" should be interpreted to indicate brother-in-law, the text indicating that Conrad was son-in-law of "comitis Pictaviensis"[160]. If this alleged Poitou origin of the wife of Comte Conrad is correct, the problem is identifying her father. There are few data points to establish the chronology of the family of the comtes de Luxembourg, but it appears likely that Comte Conrad would have been born in [1030/40]. If this is correct, his Poitou wife would most likely have been a granddaughter of Guillaume V "le Grand" Duke of Aquitaine [Guillaume III Comte de Poitou]. Secondary sources have suggested that she was the daughter of Duke Guillaume V´s son, Guillaume VII "Acerrimus/l'Aigret" Duke of Aquitaine [Guillaume V Comte de Poitou]. The thrust of the argument from which this conclusion is drawn is an explanation for the transmission of Longwy to the Luxembourg family: Alberic de Trois Fontaines names the wife of Comte Conrad "comitissa de Longui et de Castris Ermensendis"[161], and Comte Conrad´s daughter of the same name is later recorded as holding Longwy. As the family origin of the wives of the other dukes of Aquitaine/comtes de Poitou is known, the argument proceeds on the assumption that Duke Guillaume VII´s wife Ermesinde is the only possible source from whom Longwy could have been inherited. There are several difficulties with this argument. Firstly, the word "gener", used in the 1088 charter, may have been used in a wider sense in the same way as "frater": for example, cases have been observed in other primary sources where "gener" indicates brother-in-law. Secondly, it is far from certain that the passage in Alberic is factually correct: as noted below, difficulties are suggested by the reference to "Castris", which normally indicates the county of Bliescastel which has not been connected to the wife of Comte Conrad. Thirdly, there is considerable uncertainty over the ownership of Longwy after the death of Comte Manegold in [1040] (see the document UPPER LOTHARINGIA NOBILITY). Fourthly, the mother of Comte Conrad´s daughter Ermensende (who later held Longwy) is confirmed in another charter (see below) as Conrad´s known wife Clémence, although it is of course possible that Alberic simply mistook the name and that Clémence was the heiress of Longwy. In conclusion, there are too many variables in this situation to conclude that the wife of Comte Conrad was the daughter of Guillaume VII Duke of Aquitaine.]

[m [firstly] ERMENSENDE [Ctss de Longwy], daughter of ---. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "comitissa de Longui et de Castris Ermensendis" as wife of "Conrado comiti de Luscelenburch"[162]. "Castris" is normally the Latin name used for Bliescastel (see the document UPPER LOTHARINGIA NOBILITY). No connection has been identified between Ermensende and the family of the Grafen von Bliescastel. Concerning Longwy, according to the Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium, it was held in the 1140s by Adalbert [Graf von Metz] Duke of Upper Lotharingia: the Gesta names "Albertum de Longui castro, quem…ducem", the text appearing to refer to the duke of Upper Lotharingia who was killed in 1148[163]. If this is correct, it is possible that the wife of Comte Conrad was Ermensende, daughter of Adalbert Duke of Lower Lotharingia. However, no other record has been found of Longwy being in the possession of the family of the Grafen von Metz. Szabolcs de Vajay suggests that the Gesta incorrectly attributes Longwy to Duke Adalbert, confusing him with Albert [II] Graf von Dagsburg, first husband of Ermensende de Luxembourg, daughter of Comte Conrad, who is later recorded as heiress of Longwy[164]. No other indication has been found of the ownership of Longwy during the period [1140/60]. This proposed parentage of the wife of Comte Conrad should be considered as highly speculative. Another possibility is that Alberic misquoted the name of the countess and that Ermensende was an error for Clémence.]

m [secondly] (before 1080) [as her first husband,] CLEMENTIA, daughter of --- (-after 1141). Her [first] marriage is confirmed by the charter dated 7 Jul 1083 under which "Conradus comes" founded the Benedictine abbey of Münster [Altmünster] in Luxembourg, with the consent of "uxore mea Clementia cum filiis et filiabus nostris"[165]. "Conradus cum uxore mea Clementia" founded the abbey of Münster at Luxembourg, with the consent of "filiis meis Henrico, Conradi et Wilhelmo", by charter dated 1080[166]. The tomb of her husband at Münster records the death of “comes Conradus...peregrinus sepultus in terra decenter non sua...VI Id Aug” 1086, the return of his body four years later, and its burial in the presence of “conjuge sua Clementia, per manum Adalberonis primicerii Metensis, Henrici comitis, Conrardique comitis...Rodolpho abbate filio comitis”[167]. Meginher Archbishop of Trier confirmed the foundation of Kloster Schiffenberg by "Clementia…comitissa" with the consent of "filii sui Willehelmi et filie Irmesindis" by charter dated 17 Jun 1129[168]. It is possible that Clémence married [secondly/thirdly] [as his second wife,] Gerhard [I] Graaf van Gelre. Her supposed [second/third] marriage is confirmed by a second version of the charter confirming the foundation of Kloster Schiffenberg, dated 1129, which records the donation made by "Clementia comitissa de Glizberc…per manum Gerhardi mariti sui comitis de Gelre", with the consent of "palatine comitisse Gertrudis" (identified as Gertrud von Northeim, widow of Siegfried Graf von Orlamünde, Pfalzgrafen von Lothringen, and wife of Otto von Salm Graf von Rheineck) to whom one fourth part of the property belonged[169]. Szabolcs de Vajay dismisses this supposed [second/third] marriage, considering that this second Schiffenberg document is a falsification[170]. However, the language of the document is not obviously anachronistic, the only surprising element being the large number of witnesses. The doubts surrounding the authenticity of these documents is discussed at length by Wyss[171]. "Clementia comitissa de Glizberg cum meis nepotibus Ottone et Wilhelmo" confirmed the foundation of Schiffenberg, with the consent of "domne Gertrudis palatine…[et] Adela filia eiusdem palatine", by charter dated 1141[172]. A highly speculative [second] marriage to --- Graf von Gleiberg is also suggested by the documents relating to Clementia´s supposed [second/third] marriage, because of the two references to her as “comitissa de Glizberc”. No primary source document has yet been identified in which Clementia´s [first] husband is described as “Graf von Gleiberg”. Nor has any record been found of the county of Gleiberg being held by her son by this [first] marriage, Guillaume [I] Comte de Luxembourg, nor by Guillaume´s son Conrad [II] Comte de Luxembourg. One possible explanation is that Clementia was not in fact heiress of Gleiberg, although she is often described as such in contemporary secondary sources, and that she was accorded the title in the 1129 and 1141 as the widow of an otherwise unidentified “Graf von Gleiberg” whom she married after the death of Conrad [I] Comte de Luxembourg. If that is correct, this shadowy [second] husband may have been the uncle or great-uncle of the cousins Otto and Wilhelm who are named above and who would have inherited the title after his death. If Clementia was dowager countess of Gleiberg, maybe continuing to hold part of the county as dower from her [second] husband, this would explain the necessity of her acting jointly with her nephews in the 1129 and 1141 documents.

[152] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1024, MGH SS XXIII, p. 782.
[153] Gade (1951), pp. 55-6.
[154] Miraeus (Le Mire), A. (1723) Opera diplomatica et historica, 2nd edn. (Louvain), Tome I, Diplomata Belgica, Liber II, XXXV, p. 269.
[155] Gade (1951), pp. 57.
[156] Gade (1951), pp. 56-7.
[157] Bernoldi Chronicon 1086, MGH SS V, p. 445.
[158] Berthelot, J. (1742) Histoire ecclésiastique et civile du duché de Luxembourg (Luxembourg), Tome III, p. 283.
[159] Richard, J. (ed.) (1957) Le cartulaire de Marcigny-sur-Loire 1045-1144 (Dijon) 30bis, p. 26.
[160] Fabri ´La comtesse Reine´, p. 8.
[161] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.
[162] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.
[163] Laurentii Gesta Episcoporum Virdunensium 2, MGH SS X, p. 492.
[164] Szabolcs de Vajay 'Parlons encore d'Etiennette', Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. and Settipani, C. (eds.) (2000) Onomastique et Parenté dans l'Occident medieval (Oxford), p. 4.
[165] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Diplomata Belgica, Liber II, XXXV, p. 269.
[166] Vanderkindere, A. (1902) La formation territoriale des principautés belges au moyen-âge (Brussels), Vol. II, p. 357, quoting Bertholot, III, pr. XXXV.
[167] Berthelot (1742), Tome III, p. 283.
[168] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 465a, p. 524.
[169] Mittelrheinisches Urkundenbuch I, 465b, p. 524.
[170] Szabolcs de Vajay 'Contribution à l'histoire de l'attitude des royaumes pirénéens dans la querelle des investitures: de l'origine de Berthe, reine d'Aragon et de Navarre', Estudios Genealógicos, Heráldicos y Nobiliarios, en honor de Vicente de Cadenas y Vicent (Hidalguía, Madrid, 1978), Vol. 2, p. 386 footnote 40.
[171] Wyss, A. (ed.) (1899) Hessisches Urkundenbuch, Abtheilung I, Band III (Leipzig), Abhandlung über die Schiffenberger Stiftungsurkunden und Fälschungen, pp. 411-98.
[172] Heinemann, O. van (ed.) (1867) Codex Diplomaticus Anhaltinus (Dessau), Teil I, 285, p. 211.

Bron: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/LUXEMBOURG.htm#Conraddied1086B

Koenraad I van Luxemburg (ca. 1040 - 8 augustus 1086) was, als opvolger van zijn vader Giselbert, graaf van Luxemburg van 1059 tot 1086.

Koenraad werd in 1059 graaf van Luxemburg, voogd van de Sint-Maximinusabdij te Trier, Echternach en van Stablo-Malmedy. Direct kwam hij in conflict over de Sint-Maximinusabdij met bisschop Eberhard van Trier en nam hem gevangen. Als straf werd hij door de paus in de ban gedaan. Op 6 juli 1063 stichtte Koenraad de Benedictijner Altmünster abdij te Luxemburg en begiftigde de abdij met boerderijen, visrechten, bos en een molen. In 1070 stichtte hij de abdij van Orval, samen met Arnold I van Loon.In 1085 ging Koenraad met zijn broers op pelgrimstocht naar het Heilige Land, als tegenprestatie voor het opheffen van de excommunicatie. Koenraad stierf op de terugreis, in Palestina of in Italië. Hij werd begraven in de Altmünster abdij te Luxemburg. Koenraad was een trouw bondgenoot van keizer Hendrik IV.

Traditioneel wordt Clementia van Poitiers, dochter van Willem VII van Aquitanië, als echtgenote van Koenraad gezien. Hiervoor zijn echter alleen enkele vage aanwijzingen:

er is een eigentijdse oorkonde waaruit geconcludeerd zou kunnen worden dat de vrouw van Koenraad uit de Poitou komt.
de vrouw van Koenraad was vrouwe van Longwy, en dat bezit zou ze via haar vermoedelijke moeder Ermesinde van Lotharingen kunnen hebben verworven
de vrouw van Koenraad wordt Clementia genoemd.

Maar omdat Clementia gezien de geboortedatum van haar dochter niet later dan ca. 1045 kan zijn geboren en pas in 1142 overleed, zou de wel heel erg oud zijn geworden. Er is dan ook een theorie dat Koenraad twee vrouwen zou hebben gehad:

vermoedelijk Ermesinde van Lotharingen, die dan dus niet de vrouw van Willem VII van Aquitanië was, vrouwe van Longwy
Clementia van Gleiberg, die als vrouw van Koenraad wordt vermeld

Aan de andere kant hoeft de vermelding van Clementia als vrouwe van Gleiberg niet in strijd te zijn met een mogelijke Aquitaanse afkomst: als Gleiberg al Luxemburgs bezit was ten tijd van haar huwelijk kan dit haar huwelijksgift zijn geweest.

Clementia (van Gleiberg) zou zijn hertrouwd met Gerard I van Gelre. De autenticiteit van de akte waarin dit wordt vermeld is echter onderwerp van fel debat.

Koenraad en zijn vrouw(en) kregen de volgende kinderen:

Mathilde (geb. ca. 1060), gehuwd met Godfried van de Bliesgau
Hendrik
Rudolf (ovl. 1099), abt van Saint-Vannes te Verdun (van 1075 tot zijn dood) en van de Altmünster te Luxemburg, vanaf de stichting van die abdij
Koenraad
Ermesinde
Willem
Adalbero (ovl. Antiochië, 1098), aartsdeken van Metz, nam deel aan de eerste kruistocht en werd tijdens het beleg van Antiochië overvallen toen hij met een edelvrouwe aan het dobbelen was. Adalbero werd gedood en de dame werd meegvoerd in de stad. Hun hoofden werden met een katapult teruggeschoten.

Hij was de eerste was van wie men met zekerheid weet dat hij de titel van graaf van Luxemburg droeg. Dat feit wordt vermeld op een document dat dateert van 6 juli 1083. Vanwege dit gegeven wordt hij door sommigen ook wel als eerste graaf van Luxemburg gezien.

Bron: Wikipedia

Heeft u aanvullingen, correcties of vragen met betrekking tot Koenraad I van Luxemburg?
De auteur van deze publicatie hoort het graag van u!