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Persoonlijke gegevens Willem I de Bevrijder van Provence 

• Hij is geboren rond 955.Bron 1
• Titel: Markies van ProvenceBron 1
• Titel: Graaf van ProvenceBron 1
• Hij is overleden in het jaar 993 in Avignon.Bron 1
• Hij is begraven in Sarrians (Kerk van Sainte-Croix).Bron 1
• Een kind van Bosso II van Arles en Constance
• Deze gegevens zijn voor het laatst bijgewerkt op 20 augustus 2014.

Gezin van Willem I de Bevrijder van Provence

Hij is getrouwd met Adelheid van Anjou.

Zij zijn getrouwd in het jaar 984.Bron 2

Kind(eren):

1. Constance Taillefer van Arles  ????-1032 

Notities over Willem I de Bevrijder van Provence

GUILLAUME [II] “le Libérateur”, son of BOSON Comte [d´Arles] & his wife Constantia --- ([955]-Avignon 993 after 29 Aug, bur Sarrians, église de Sainte-Croix). "Boso comes et uxor sua Constantia…illorum filii…Willelmus comes, Rotbaldus comes, Pontius juvenis" signed the charter dated May [963] under which "Gencius et uxor mea Aiburga" donated property "in pago Aquense superiore ad castrum…Ansoyse" to Monmajour[217]. The order of birth of the two older sons of Boson is unclear. The May [963] charter suggests that Guillaume was his older son. However, the name order is reversed inthe charter dated Mar 965 under which "eius filio Rothboldo et fratre eius Wilelmo comite" consented to the charter of "Bosoni comitis, filii Rothboldi quondam"[218], which suggests that Rotbald was older. Comte de Provence, charters showing that both he and his brother Rotbald were recorded as counts during the same period, although it is not known whether this was a joint countship or whether there was a geographical split between their jurisdictions. Marquis de Provence. "Vuilelmus marchius Arelatense Provintie" donated property "in comitatu Avinionense, in agro Rupiano, in loco…la Lona" to Saint-Victor, Marseille by charter dated 17 Apr 979, signed by "Arsinda comitissa"[219]. "Willelmus comes" donated property to Cluny by charter dated 28 Aug [990] signed by "Rodbaldus comes, Adalaix comitissa, Wilelmus comes et filius eius Wilelmus"[220]. "Dominus princeps et marchio istius provinciæ…Willelmus cum coniuge sua…Adelaix et filio suo…Willelmo" restored property to the abbey of Saint-Césaire d´Arles by charter dated 992, subscribed by "Domnus Rotbaldus comes…Willelmus comes filius Rotbaldi et uxor sua Lucia, Wilelmus comes Tolosanus et uxor sua Ema…"[221]. He became a monk.

m firstly (before Apr 970) ARSINDE, daughter of --- (-after 17 Apr 979). "Wilelmus comes Provincie et coniunx mea Arsinna" donated property to Saint-Victor de Marseille by charter dated Apr 970[222]. "Vuilelmus marchius Arelatense Provintie" donated property "in comitatu Avinionense, in agro Rupiano, in loco…la Lona" to Saint-Victor, Marseille by charter dated 17 Apr 979, signed by "Arsinda comitissa"[223]. Szabolcs de Vajay suggests that the first wife of Guillaume was the sister of Adelais, whose first testament dated 4 Oct 978 names her, basing the hypothesis on onomastics and favorable chronology[224]. Under this testament of "Adelais", she donated her foundation "Narbonam…sanctique Salvatoris" to "sororibus meis et domnæ Arsindæ comitissæ", bequeathed "mea hereditas de Vidiliano" to "Arsindi sorori meæ", "alodes de Tolomiano" to "Ermesindi", and "mea hereditas de Artimiciano" to "Garsindi"[225]. The wording suggests that "Arsindi…Ermesindi…Garsindi" were all sisters of the testator. It is probable that "domnæ Arsindæ comitissæ" in this document was the wife of Guillaume [II] Comte de Provence as no other Ctss Arsende has been identified at the time. However, the wording of the passage in which she is named suggests that she was a different person from "Arsindi sorori meæ". Szabolcs de Vajay suggests (as reported by Settipani: the Szabolcs article has not yet been consulted) that the testator was the possible daughter of Arnaud [I] Comte de Comminges. She can be identified as Adelais, widow of Matfried Vicomte de Narbonne, as the document names the couple´s two sons whose affiliation is confirmed by other primary sources. As explained more fully in the document TOULOUSE, KINGS, DUKES & COUNTS, other primary source documentation suggests that the wife of Vicomte Matfried may have been the daughter of Raymond Pons Comte de Toulouse. If this is correct, the chronology suggests that her sister would have been too old to have married Guillaume [II] Comte de Provence.

m secondly ([984/86]) as her fourth husband, ADELAIS [Blanche] d'Anjou, widow firstly of ETIENNE de Brioude, secondly of RAYMOND IV Comte de Toulouse, divorced wife (thirdly) of LOUIS V King of the West Franks, daughter of FOULQUES II "le Bon" Comte d’Anjou & his first wife Gerberge --- ([945/50]-1026, bur Montmajour, near Arles). Her parentage and first marriage are confirmed by the Chronicle of Saint-Pierre du Puy which names "comes Gaufridus cognomento Grisogonella…Pontius et Bertrandus eius nepotes…matre eorum Adalaide sorore ipsius"[226], the brothers Pons and Bertrand being confirmed in other sources as the sons of Etienne de Brioude, for example the charter dated 1000 under which "duo germani fratres…Pontius, alter Bertrandus" donated property to Saint-Chaffre for the souls of "patris sui Stephani matrisque nomine Alaicis"[227]. Adelais's second and third marriages are confirmed by Richer who records the marriage of Louis and "Adelaidem, Ragemundi nuper defuncti ducis Gothorum uxorem" and their coronation as king and queen of Aquitaine[228]. The Chronicon Andegavensi names "Blanchiam filiam Fulconis Boni comitis Andegavensis" as wife of the successor of "Lotharius rex Francorum", but confuses matters by stating that the couple were parents of "filiam Constantiam" wife of Robert II King of France[229]. The Chronicle of Saint-Maxence names "Blanchiam" as the wife of "Lotharius rex…Ludovicum filium" but does not give her origin[230]. She was crowned Queen of Aquitaine with her third husband on the day of their marriage. The Libro de Otiis Imperialibus names "Blanchiam" as wife of "Ludovicus puer [filius Lotharii]"[231]. Rodulfus Glaber refers to the unnamed wife of "Ludowicum" as "ab Aquitanis partibus uxorem", recounting that she tricked him into travelling to Aquitaine where "she left him and attached herself to her own family"[232]. Richer records her marriage with "Wilelmum Arelatensem" after her divorce from Louis[233]. Her fourth marriage is confirmed by the Historia Francorum which names "Blanca sorore Gaufridi comitis Andegavensis" as wife of "Guillelmi comitis Arelatensis"[234]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Blanche comitisse Arelatensis" as mother of "Constantia [uxor Robertus rex]", specifying that she was "soror Gaufridi Grisagonelli"[235]. The Gesta Consulum Andegavorum names "Blanca sorore eius" ( "eius" referring incorrectly to Foulques "Nerra" Comte d'Anjou) as wife of "Guillelmi Arelatensis comitis" and as mother of Constance, wife of Robert II King of France[236]. "Dominus princeps et marchio istius provinciæ…Willelmus cum coniuge sua…Adelaix et filio suo…Willelmo" restored property to the abbey of Saint-Césaire d´Arles by charter dated 992, subscribed by "Domnus Rotbaldus comes…Willelmus comes filius Rotbaldi et uxor sua Lucia, Wilelmus comes Tolosanus et uxor sua Ema…"[237]. "Adalaiz comitissa" donated property to Saint-Victor de Marseille by charter dated 1003[238]. This charter is subscribed by "Emma comitissa…Wilelmus comes", the second of whom was presumably the son of Adelais but the first of whom has not been identified. "Pontius…Massiliensis ecclesie pontifex" issued a charter dated 1005 with the consent of "domni Rodhbaldi comitis et domne Adalaizis comitisse, domnique Guillelmi comitis filii eius"[239]. "Adalax comitissa mater Villelmi quondam Provintie comitis et Geriberga eque comitissa…eiusdem principis olim uxor" donated property to Saint-Victor de Marseille for the soul of their late son and husband respectively by charter dated 1018[240]. No explanation has been found for her having been named Adelais in some sources and Blanche in others, as it is difficult to interpret the documentation as meaning that they refer to two separate individuals. [Adelais may have married fifthly (before Sep 1016) as his second wife, Othon Guillaume Comte de Mâcon et de Nevers [Bourgogne-Comté]. Adelais's supposed fifth marriage is deduced from the following: Count Othon-Guillaume's wife is named Adelais in several charters[241], and Pope Benedict VIII refers to "domnæ Adeleidi comitissæ cognomento Blanchæ" with "nuruique eius domnæ Gerbergæ comitissæ" when addressing her supposed fifth husband in a document dated Sep 1016[242], Gerberga presumably being Count Othon-Guillaume's daughter by his first wife who was the widow of Adelaide-Blanche d´Anjou's son by her fourth husband. However, the document in question appears not to specify that "domnæ Adeleidi…" was the wife of Othon Guillaume and the extracts seen (the full text has not yet been consulted) do not permit this conclusion to be drawn. It is perfectly possible that the Pope named Adelais-Blanche in the letter only in reference to her relationship to Othon Guillaume´s daughter. If her fifth marriage is correct, Adelais would have been considerably older than her new husband, and probably nearly sixty years old when she married (Othon-Guillaume's first wife died in [1002/04]), which seems unlikely. Another difficulty is presented by the entries dated 1018, 1024 and 1026, quoted above and below, which appear to link Adelais to Provence while, if the fifth marriage was correct, she would have been with her husband (whose death is recorded in Sep 1026) in Mâcon.] "Vuilelmus filius Rodbaldi" donated property "in comitatu Aquense in valle…Cagnanam" to Marseille Saint-Victor by charter dated 1024, signed by "Adalaiz comitissa, Vuilelmus comes filius Rodbaldi"[243]. A manuscript written by Arnoux, monk at Saint-André-lès-Avignon, records the death in 1026 of "Adalax comitissa"[244]. The necrology of Saint-Pierre de Mâcon records the death "IV Kal Jun" of "Adalasia comitissa vocata regali progenie orta"[245]. An enquiry dated 2 Jan 1215 records that "comitissa Blanca" was buried "apud Montem Majorem"[246].

[217] Manteyer (1908), p. 225, quoting Chantelou Histoire de Monmajour, Revue Historique de Provence, 1ère année, p. 37.
[218] Gallia Christiana Novissima, Marseille, Col. 47-48, no. 66, and Marseille Saint-Victor Tome I, 29, p. 40.
[219] Marseille Saint-Victor Tome II, Appendix, 1042, p. 509.
[220] Cluny Tome III, 1837, p. 80.
[221] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, Chartes et Diplômes, 153, col. 325.
[222] Marseille Saint-Victor Tome I, 598, p. 590.
[223] Marseille Saint-Victor Tome II, Appendix, 1042, p. 509.
[224] Vajay, S. de 'Comtesses d'origine occitane dans la Marche d'Espagne aux 10e et 11e siècles', Hidalguia 28 (1980), p. 756, cited in Settipani (2004), p. 63 footnote 1.
[225] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, Chartes et Diplômes, 130, col. 284.
[226] Chevalier, U. (ed.) (1884) Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Chaffre du Monastier et Chronique de Saint-Pierre du Puy (Montbéliard, Paris), Chronicon Monasterii Sancti Petri Aniciensis, CCCCXII, p. 152.
[227] Saint-Chaffre CXLIV, p. 70.
[228] Richer III.XCII and XCIV, pp. 112 and 114.
[229] Chronico Andegavensi 987, RHGF X, p. 271.
[230] Marchegay, P. and Mabille, E. (eds.) (1869) Chroniques des Eglises d'Anjou (Paris) Chronicon sancti Maxentii Pictavensis, p. 382.
[231] Libro Otiis Imperialibus, RHGF IX, p. 45.
[232] France, J., Bulst, N. and Reynolds, P. (eds. and trans.) (1989) Rodulfi Glabri Historiarum Libri Quinque, Rodulfus Glaber Opera (Oxford) I.7, p. 17.
[233] Richer III.XCV, p. 116.
[234] Hugonis Floriacensis, Liber qui Modernorum Regum Francorum continet Actus 9, MGH SS IX, p. 385, additional manuscript quoted in footnote ***.
[235] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1013, MGH SS XXIII, p. 780.
[236] Marchegay, P. and Salmon, A. (eds.) (1856) Chroniques d'Anjou Tome I (Paris), Chronica de Gesta Consulum Andegavorum, p. 110.
[237] Histoire Générale de Languedoc 3rd Edn. Tome V, Preuves, Chartes et Diplômes, 153, col. 325.
[238] Marseille Saint-Victor Tome I, 653, p. 645.
[239] Marseille Saint-Victor Tome I, 15, p. 18.
[240] Marseille Saint-Victor Tome I, 630, p. 626.
[241] Ragut, M. C. (ed.) (1864) Cartulaire de Saint-Vincent de Mâcon (Mâcon) 471, 490, pp. 271, 284-5, and Cluny Tome IV, 2694, p. 721.
[242] Benedict VIII, Letter 16, Patrologia Latina CXXXIX1603, cited in Bouchard, C. B. (1987) Sword, Miter, and Cloister: Nobility and the Church in Burgundy 980-1198 (Cornell University Press), p. 270, and quoted in Manteyer (1908), p. 274.
[243] Marseille Saint-Victor Tome I, 225, p. 252.
[244] Manteyer (1908), p. 273, quoting Bibl. nat. de Madrid, ms. Ee 40, fo 118 vo.
[245] Obituaires de Lyon II, Prieuré Saint-Pierre de Mâcon, p. 482.
[246] Manteyer (1908), p. 274, quoting Biblioth. Méjanes ms. 812, recueil Bouquier, t. 1, pp. 145-6, Catal. des mss. Départements, t. XVI, Aix, 1894 ms. 915.

Bron: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/PROVENCE.htm#GuillaumeIIArlesProvencedied993

Willem I van Provence (ca. 956 - Avignon, 993), bijg. de Bevrijder en Vader des Vaderlands, was een zoon van Bosso II van Arles en van Constance van Provence (ca. 925 - ca. 964), dochter van Karel van Vienne en Theutberga van Troyes. Hij volgde zijn vader in 968 op als graaf van Provence maar zijn broer Rotbold voerde de titel ook, dus vermoedelijk hadden ze de verantwoordelijkheden verdeeld.

In 972 werd de abt Mayeul (Sint-Majolus) van Cluny onderweg van Rome naar Cluny, in de Alpen door de Saracenen ontvoerd. Hierover was aan weerszijden van de Alpen grote verontwaardiging en Willem nam het voortouw in de definitieve verdrijving van de Saracenen uit Provence. Een bondgenootschap van edelen uit Provence en de Italiaanse westelijke markgraafschappen bevocht de Saracenen in vijf veldslagen in de Alpen en versloeg ze uiteindelijk definitief in de slag bij Tourtour van 973. Nadat ook het kasteel van Fraxinet was veroverd, moesten de Saracenen zich terugtrekken. Willem heeft zijn bijnamen verworven door zijn belangrijke rol in dit proces. Willem kreeg grote delen van de veroverde gebieden in leen van de koning van Bourgondië, de formele landsheer. Willem herbevolkte de verwoeste streken en gaf op zijn beurt gebieden in leen aan vazallen, waardoor hij de basis legde voor de Provençaalse feodaliteit.

Enkele jaren later voerde Willem de titel van "marchio". Vertaald betekent dat markgraaf maar in het Frankrijk van die tijd was het de titel waarmee een hertog werd aangeduid. In 980 werd Willem ook graaf van Arles. Willems bewind was verder vreedzaam: in 979 deed hij een schenking aan de abdij Saint-Victor te Marseille, in 990 een schenking aan de abdij van Cluny en in 992 herstelde hij de rechten van de abdij Saint-Césaire te Arles. Tegen het einde van zijn leven trok hij zich terug en werd monnik. Willem is begraven in het klooster van Sainte-Croix te Sarrians.

Zijn eerste vrouw was Arsinde (ca. 950 - 983), mogelijk dochter van graaf Arnold II van Comminges. Willems tweede vrouw (huwelijk 984) was Adelheid, dochter van Fulco II van Anjou en gescheiden van Lodewijk V van Frankrijk. Willem was vader van:

mogelijk Odila (976-1032), gehuwd met Miron-Laget van Sisteron en daarna met Laugier van Nice, met wie ze vijf kinderen kreeg
Willem II
Constance (986/987 - 1032), in 1000 gehuwd met Robert II van Frankrijk
mogelijk Ermengarde, gehuwd met Robert I van Auvergne.

Het is duidelijk dat Odila een dochter van Arsinde moet zijn en dat Constance en Ermengarde dochters van Adelheid zouden moeten zijn. Er is onduidelijkheid over wie de moeder van Willem II was.

Bron: Wikipedia

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