Genealogy Richard Remmé, The Hague, Netherlands » Sir Alexander Livingston of Callendar, Stirlingshire, Scotland. (1382-< 1451)

Persoonlijke gegevens Sir Alexander Livingston of Callendar, Stirlingshire, Scotland. 

• Hij is geboren in het jaar 1382 in Callendar, Stirling, Scotland.
• Hij is overleden voor 6 november 1451.
• Een kind van John Livingstone en Anne Menteith
• Deze gegevens zijn voor het laatst bijgewerkt op 4 december 2022.

Gezin van Sir Alexander Livingston of Callendar, Stirlingshire, Scotland.

Hij is getrouwd met Janet Dundas.

Zij zijn getrouwd rond 1405 te Dundas, Scotland.

Kind(eren):

1. Alexander Livingston   
2. James Livingston  ± 1420-< 1467 
3. Janet (Isabella) Livingston  ± 1412-???? 
4. Janet Livingston  ± 1390-???? 
5. Helen Livingston   
6. Helen Livingston  
7. Lady Elizabeth Livingston of Callandar  
8. Euphemia Livingston   
9. Alexander Livingston  ± 1410-????
10. Isabella Livingston  1438-???? 
11. Anne Livingston of Callandar  
12. Joan Livingston  ± 1405-???? 

Notities over Sir Alexander Livingston of Callendar, Stirlingshire, Scotland.

     Sir Alexander was the first of his family to attain a position of
power and influence in the Scottish government. He helped negotiate the release of James I and was knighted for his services. He sat on the assize at Stirling, May 27, 1425 which condemned Murdoch, Duke of Albany, his son and father-in-law, the aged Earl of Lennox. He continued to enjoy royal favor until James I was assassinated by Sir Robert Graham and his accomplices.

After James' death, the possession and governorship of the young King then became the object of two opposing factions, one of which was led by Sir William Crichton, Governor of Edinburgh Castle, and the other by Sir Alexander Livingston. Sir Alexander had the advantage of the Queen mother's friendship and support, and through her influence, James II was taken to Stirling Castle, and placed in Livingston's custody who was then governor of the castle. This took place before March 13, 1439, when the Estates passed measures directed against Crichton.

During the following months, a number of remarkable events occurred. Livingston and Crichton allied their parties due to fear of the King's Lieutenant, Archibald, fifth Earl of Douglas and fourth Duke of Tourraine. Crichton surrendered Edinburgh Castle and became Chancellor of the Kingdom. Livingston retain possession of the King. The Queen was not a party to this arrangement. She married Sir James Stewart, the Black Knight of Lorn, in order to strengthen her position.

Livingston, however, took prompt measures to frustrate any schemes the Queen may have had to free her son. On August 3, 1439, he and his son, James, forcibly invaded her chamber in Stirling Castle, and had her removed to another room as a prisoner. Sir James Stewart and his brother, William, were seized and confined to the castle dungeons. These actions showed the length Livingston was prepared to go, and he was powerful enough to dictate the terms of an agreement with her which was sanctioned by a general council held at Stirling on September 4, 1439.

She surrendered Stirling Castle and her allowance for the King's maintenance. It was stipulated that she was to have access to her son in the presence of unsuspected persons, and in the event of Livingston's death, James II was to be restored to her. The Queen further declared that she remitted to the Livingstons all the rancor that she had wrongly conceived against them, and that she was satisfied that they had imprisoned her because of loyal motives and zeal for their sovereign's safety. She further stated that Livingston and his friends should not be persecuted for their share in these events. Chancellor Crichton was displeased with this arrangement and kidnapped the King from Stirling Park in order to obtain more favorable terms for himself and his friends.

In 1440, Livingston and Crichton combined forces to put down the young Earl of Douglas who was arrested on November 24, 1440 at Edinburgh Castle and beheaded. The Earl's title and estates were not forfeited following his execution. It is alleged that this was a result of an understanding between Livingston, Crichton and James Douglas, Earl of Avondale, who was heir to the earldom of Douglas. An alliance between Douglas' son, William, after he succeeded his father, and Livingston, led to a coalition between Crichton and Bishop Kennedy. This led to another siege of Edinburgh Castle which was unsuccessfully defended by Crichton.

Livingston held the office of Justiciary of Scotland in 1444. Although Sir Alexander had formed an alliance with William Douglas against Crichton, through Douglas' influence in 1445, Alexander was denounced as a rebel and imprisoned. He gained his liberty through the payment of a large sum of money and was restored to the King's favor. In 1449, Sir Alexander acted as a commissioner to England and on September 18, he extended the truce to November 19th.

The marriage of James II in July 1449 was quickly followed by the sudden downfall of the Livingstons, which occurred only a few weeks after the promotion of Sir Alexander's eldest son to the office of Great Chamberlain of Scotland. Sir Alexander and his sons, James and Alexander, Robert Livingston (Comptroller), and a number of other relative, friends, and adherents were arrested, and some of them imprisoned in the fortress of Blackness. On January 19, 1450, they were arraigned before Parliament. On January 22, Alexander Livingston (Captain of Methven Castle) and Robert Livingston (Comptroller) were executed, the others were attainted and imprisoned in Dumbarton Castle. The precise charges that were brought against the Livingstons are unknown, but it is probable that the treasonable imprisonment of the Queen-mother in 1439 was one of them.

Sir Alexander's property was extensive. The patrimonial estates of Callendar and Kilsyth were given to the Queen. Additional forfeited lands included Catscleuch, Terrinterran, and part of Kippen and Broomlinch. Some of the forfeited estates were given to William Douglas, eighth Earl of Douglas, which raises suspicion on his part towards Sir Alexander Livingston. After James II stabbed William Douglas on February 22, 1452, the Livingstons were restored to favor, but Sir Alexander had died in the interval, between July 4 and November 6, 1451.

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