Genealogie John Muijsers » Christian iv "(de viriele)" van Denemarken (1577-1648)

Persoonlijke gegevens Christian iv "(de viriele)" van Denemarken 

• Roepnaam is (de viriele).
• Hij is geboren op 12 april 1577 in Frederiksborg.
• Beroep: koning van Denemarken en Noorwegen.
• Hij is overleden op 28 februari 1648, hij was toen 70 jaar oud.
• Een kind van Frederik ii van Denemarken en Sophia van Mecklenburg-Güstrow

Gezin van Christian iv "(de viriele)" van Denemarken

Hij is getrouwd met Anne Catherine van Brandenburg.

Zij zijn getrouwd op 30 november 1597, hij was toen 20 jaar oud.

Kind(eren):

1. Christian van Denemarken  1603-1647
2. Frederick iii van Denemarken  1609-1670 

Notities over Christian iv "(de viriele)" van Denemarken

Christian IV (Danish: Christian den Fjerde; 12 April 1577 – 28 February 1648), sometimes colloquially referred to as Christian Firtal in Denmark and Christian Kvart or Quart in Norway, was king of Denmark-Norway and Duke of Holstein and Schleswig from 1588 to 1648. His 59-year reign is the longest of Danish monarchs, and of Scandinavian monarchies.

A member of the house of Oldenburg, Christian began his personal rule of Denmark in 1596 at the age of 19. He is frequently remembered as one of the most popular, ambitious, and proactive Danish kings, having initiated many reforms and projects. Christian IV obtained for his kingdom a level of stability and wealth that was virtually unmatched elsewhere in Europe.[1] He engaged Denmark in numerous wars, most notably the Thirty Years' War (1618–48), which devastated much of Germany, undermined the Danish economy, and cost Denmark some of its conquered territories.[2] He renamed the Norwegian capital Oslo as Christiania after himself, a name used until 1925.

Christian was born at Frederiksborg Castle in Denmark on 12 April 1577 as the third child and eldest son of King Frederick II of Denmark–Norway and Sofie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.[3] He was descended, through his mother's side, from king John of Denmark, and was thus the first descendant of King John to assume the crown since the deposition of King Christian II.

At the time, Denmark was still an elective monarchy, so in spite of being the eldest son Christian was not automatically heir to the throne. However, in 1580, at the age of 3, his father had him elected Prince-Elect and successor to the throne.

At the death of his father on 4 April 1588, Christian was 11 years old.[3] He succeeded to the throne, but as he was still under-age a regency council was set up to serve as the trustees of the royal power while Christian was still growing up. It was led by chancellor Niels Kaas and consisted of the Rigsraadet council members Peder Munk (1534-1623), Jørgen Ottesen Rosenkrantz (1523-1596) and Christopher Walkendorf. His mother Queen Dowager Sophie, 30 years old, had wished to play a role in the government, but was denied by the Council.[4] At the death of Niels Kaas in 1594, Jørgen Rosenkrantz took over leadership of the regency council.

Christian continued his studies at Sorø Academy where he had a reputation as a headstrong and talented student.[5]

In 1595, the Council of the Realm decided that Christian would soon be old enough to assume personal control of the reins of government. On 17 August 1596, at the age of 19, Christian signed his haandfæstning (lit. "Handbinding" viz. curtailment of the monarch's power, a Danish parallel to the Magna Carta), which was an identical copy of his father's from 1559.[3]

Twelve days later, on 29 August 1596, Christian IV was crowned at the Church of Our Lady in Copenhagen by the Bishop of Zealand, Peder Jensen Vinstrup (1549-1614). He was crowned with a new Danish Crown Regalia which had been made for him by Dirich Fyring (1580-1603),[6] assisted by the Nuremberg goldsmith Corvinius Saur.

On 30 November 1597, he married Anne Catherine of Brandenburg, a daughter of Joachim Friedrich, Margrave of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia.

His first queen was Anne Catherine. They were married 1597-1612. She died after bearing Christian seven children. Four years after her death the king privately married Kirsten Munk, by whom he had twelve children.[3]

In the course of 1628 he discovered that his wife, Kirsten Munk, was having a relationship with one of his German officers. Christian had Munk placed under house arrest. She endeavoured to cover up her own disgrace by conniving at an intrigue between Vibeke Kruse, one of her discharged maids, and the king. In January 1630 the rupture became final, and Kirsten retired to her estates in Jutland. Meanwhile, Christian openly acknowledged Vibeke as his mistress, and she bore him more several children.[3]

With his first wife, Anne Catherine of Brandenburg he fathered the following children:

Stillborn son (1598).[26]
Frederik (15 August 1599 – 9 September 1599).
Christian (10 April 1603 – 2 June 1647).
Sophie (4 January 1605 – 7 September 1605).
Elisabeth (16 March 1606 – 24 October 1608).
Frederick III (18 March 1609 – 9 February 1670).
Ulrik (2 February 1611 – 12 August 1633); murdered, as Ulrich III Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Schwerin (1624–1633).

Kirsten Munk and children portrayed by Jacob van Doordt, 1623.
With his second wife, Kirsten Munk, he had 12 children, though the youngest, Dorothea Elisabeth, was rumoured to be the daughter of Kirsten's lover, Otto Ludwig:

Stillborn child (b. & d. 1615).
Unnamed infant (b. & d. 1617).
Countess Anna Cathrine of Schleswig-Holstein (10 August 1618 – 20 August 1633).
Countess Sophie Elisabeth of Schleswig-Holstein (20 September 1619 – 29 April 1657).
Countess Leonora Christina of Schleswig-Holstein (8 July 1621 – 16 March 1698); married Corfitz Ulfeldt.
Count Valdemar Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (26 June 1622 – 26 February 1656).
Countess Elisabeth Auguste of Schleswig-Holstein (28 December 1623 – 9 August 1677).
Count Friedrich Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (26 April 1625 – 17 July 1627).
Countess Christiane of Schleswig-Holstein (15 July 1626 – 6 May 1670); married Hannibal Sehested
Countess Hedwig of Schleswig-Holstein (15 July 1626 – 5 October 1678).
Countess Maria Katharina of Schleswig-Holstein (29 May 1628 – 1 September 1628).
Countess Dorothea Elisabeth of Schleswig-Holstein (1 September 1629 – 18 March 1687).
With Kirsten Madsdatter:

Christian Ulrik Gyldenløve (1611–1640).
With Karen Andersdatter:

Dorothea Elisabeth Gyldenløve (1613–1615).
Hans Ulrik Gyldenløve (1615–1645).
With Vibeke Kruse:

Ulrik Christian Gyldenløve (1630–1658).
Elisabeth Sophia Gyldenløve (1633–1654); married Major-General Klaus Ahlefeld.

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