West-Europese adel » Richard II Fitz-Alan Stuart Earl van Arundel en Surrey (1346-1397)

Données personnelles Richard II Fitz-Alan Stuart Earl van Arundel en Surrey 

• Il est né en l'an 1346 dans Arundel Castle, Sussex.

  Attention: L'âge au mariage (28 septembre 1359) était inférieur à 16 ans (13).

• Il est décédé le 21 septembre 1397 dans Londen, il avait 51 ans.
• Il est enterré dans Augustijner Fraters, Londen.
• Un enfant de Richard I Fitz-Alan (Copped-Hat) Stuart Earl van Arundel en Surrey et Eleonore Plantagenet
• Cette information a été mise à jour pour la dernière fois le 7 janvier 2012.

Famille de Richard II Fitz-Alan Stuart Earl van Arundel en Surrey

(1) Il est marié avec Elisabeth Bohun.

Ils se sont mariés le 28 septembre 1359 à Derbyshire, il avait 13 ans.

Enfant(s):

1. Eleonore fitz-Alan Stuart  1365-????
2. Elisabeth Fitz-Alan Stuart  1366-1425 
3. Johanna Fitz-Alan Stuart  1375-1435 
4. Alice Fitz-Alan Stuart  1378-1415 
5. Thomas Stuart Earl van Arundel en Surrey  1381-1415

(2) Il est marié avec Philippa Mortimer.

Ils se sont mariés le 15 août 1390, il avait 44 ans.

Notes par Richard II Fitz-Alan Stuart Earl van Arundel en Surrey

Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel and 10th Earl of Surrey (1346 – September 21, 1397) was an English nobleman and military commander.

Early life
He was the son of Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel and Eleanor of Lancaster and was born in 1346. He succeeded his father on January 24, 1376. His brother was Thomas Arundel who was Bishop of Ely from 1374 to 1388, then Archbishop of York from 1388 to 1397, then Archbishop of Canterbury.

Admiral and Earl
At the coronation of Richard II, Richard FitzAlan carried the crown.

In 1377 he was Admiral of the West and South.[1] In this capacity, he attacked Harfleur at Whitsun 1378, but was forced to return to his ships by the defenders. Later, he and John of Gaunt attempted to seize Saint-Malo but were unsuccessful.

FitzAlan was closely aligned with Thomas, Duke of Gloucester who was an uncle of Richard II. Thomas was opposed to Richard II's desire for peace with France in the Hundred Years War and a power struggle between Gloucester and Richard II ensued. In late 1386, Gloucester forced Richard II to name both himself and Richard FitzAlan to Richard's Council.[4] This council was to all intents and purposes a regency council for Richard II, however Richard limited the duration of the council's powers to be one year.

In 1386 Richard II named him Admiral of all England, as well as being knighted a Knight of the Garter. As Admiral of All England, he defeated a Franco-Spanish-Flemish fleet off of Margate in March 1387, along with Thomas de Mowbray, Earl of Nottingham. In August, the king dismissed Gloucester and FitzAlan from the council and replaced them with his own favorites - including Archbishop Alexander Neville of York, the Duke of Ireland Robert de Vere, Michael de la Pole the earl of Suffolk, Sir Robert Tresillian who was the chief justice, and the former mayor of London Nicholas Brembre. The king summoned Gloucester and FitzAlan to meet with the king, but instead of coming, they raised troops and defeated the new council at Radcot Bridge, taking the favorites prisoner. The Merciless Parliament the next year condemned the favorites. Richard was one of the Lords Appellant who accused and condemned Richard II's favorites. He was named Governor of Brest in 1388.

Peace was concluded with France in 1389, however Richard FitzAlan followed Gloucester's lead and stated that he would never agree with the peace that had been concluded.

Marriage and children
Arundel married twice. His first wife was Elizabeth de Bohun, daughter of William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton. They married around September 28, 1359 and had four children:

* Thomas FitzAlan, 12th Earl of Arundel
* Elizabeth FitzAlan
* Joan FitzAlan (1375 - November 14, 1453), who married William Beauchamp, 1st Baron Bergavenny;
* Margaret FitzAlan, who married Sir Rowland Lenthall;
* Alice FitzAlan, who married the 4th Baron Charleton. (not mentioned as an heir of Thomas in the Complete Peerage)

Arundel then married Philippa Mortimer, daughter of Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March. Her mother was Philippa Plantagenet, a daughter of Lionel of Antwerp and thus a granddaughter of Edward III. They had no children.

Death and afterward
On July 12, 1397 he was arrested for his opposition to Richard II, as well as plotting with Gloucester to imprison the king. He stood trial at Westminster and was attainted.[8] He was beheaded on September 21, 1397 and was buried in the church of the Augustin Friars, Bread Street, London. In October of 1400, the attainter was reversed, and Richard's son Thomas succeeded to his father's estates and honors.

Bron: http://gw1.geneanet.org/frebault?lang=fr;pz=henri;nz=frebault;ocz=0;p=richard;n=fitzalan;oc=1

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