Arbre généalogique vd Schoot en v Gelder » Cornelis Marius Hamaker (1901-1942)

Données personnelles Cornelis Marius Hamaker 

• Il est né le 19 septembre 1901 dans Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia.Les sources 1, 2, 3
• Profession: Administrator, Sales Rep.
• (Employment) le 1 janvier 1936 dans Clubhuis Te Werve BPM (Shell).Source 2
• Il est décédé le 3 mai 1942 dans Camp Sachsenhausen, Oranienburg, Germany, il avait 40 ans.Les sources 2, 3, 4
• Cette information a été mise à jour pour la dernière fois le 10 mars 2024.

Famille de Cornelis Marius Hamaker

Il est marié avec Theresia Gijsbertha Bernardina Daamen.

Ils se sont mariés le 4 octobre 1927 à Den Haag, ZH Netherlands, il avait 26 ans.Source 5

Enfant(s):

1. Bernardine Jaqueline Helen Hamaker  1930-1979
2. Cornelis Marinus Hamaker  1932-1993 

Notes par Cornelis Marius Hamaker

Cornelis was arrested on 28 March 1941 (another site says he was arrested on 25 January 1942) and from that day till 25 March 1942 was imprisoned in the Oranjehotel. From 25 March 1942 he was transported and imprisoned in Kamp Amersfoort. He was transported to Camp Sachsenhausen in Oranienburg at an unknown date, then executed there on 3 May 1942.

Oranjehotel
This was the name the Dutch attributed to the Scheveningen prison during the Second World War. Here the Germans detained over 25,000 people for interrogation and prosecution. Those who violated regulations imposed by the Germans covered a broad spectrum and came from all corners of the Netherlands. Most were members of the Resistance, but those imprisoned here also included Jews and Jehovah·Äôs Witnesses, as well as people detained for economic offences, such as dealing on the black market. Even during the war, the complex was called Oranjehotel as a tribute to the Resistance members imprisoned there.

Camp Sachsenhausen or Sachsenhausen-Oranienburg
This was a Nazi concentration camp in Oranienburg, Germany, used from 12 July 1936 to the end of the Third Reich on 22 April 1945. It mainly held political prisoners throughout World War II. It was operated by Schutzstaffel - the SS established the Sachsenhausen concentration camp as the principal concentration camp for the Berlin area. The prisoners were liberated by the Polish Army's 2nd Infantry Division. 100,000 were killed there. More information on this camp is here https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/sachsenhausen.

Kamp Amersfoort
On 18 August 1941 the first 195 prisoners arrived at Kamp Amersfoort. These were communists from Kamp Schoorl that were kept under remand. They were used as examples for the schooling of the camp ·Äì SS men. They were also used to fill in so called prominent (outstanding) positions. The arrival of the first prisoners led to the beginning of the first period of the Polizeiliches Durchgangslager Amersfoort (PDA) that lasted until the temporary closure on 8 March 1943. According to the German administration, 8522 prisoners were kept in the PDA during the first period.

Most prisoners were brought to Amersfoort by train. They arrived in cattle wagons and had to walk from the station to the camp, so when they arrived they were not in good shape. The walking route was via the Bergkwartier (hilly part of Amersfoort), the Leusderkwartier and via the Kapelweg straight into Kamp Amersfoort. The motorway next to Laan 1914 did not exist at that time. The SS accompanied the transports, but Dutch policemen also performed this task from time to time.

Upon entering Kamp Amersfoort prisoners had to hand in their personal belongings and then were given the appropriate camp clothing with the accompanying clogs and camp number. From that moment they lost their name and became only Haftling (prisoner) nr xxx. From the Schreibstube (admin office), where the prisoners were registered and which was located in the SS guarding part of the camp, they were taken through the gate to the prison camp. From there to the Bekleidungskammer, where the prisoners received their camp clothes and clogs. The clogs were often too small and the clothing (so-called) did not always fit. From the Bekleidungskammer they went to the hairdresser and from there to the shower room. Only then could you go to the assigned barrack (block) where you then had to find a place, the best spot of which was the top part of the bunk beds. The reason for this can be guessed.

Prisoners were allowed to write and receive a letter home once a month. It was also allowed to receive a money order of up to 20 guilders from home. With the money order, which was credited to the camp administration, one could buy some extra food in the form of dirty flour cakes, but the prisoners also had to pay for lost (stolen) items such as their hat, mug, spoon etc. If a prisoner had a toothache, they were taken to the dentist. This had to be paid, which was partly possible thanks to the money orders from home that were converted into the so-called camp money.

Prisoners of Kamp Amersfoort were assigned to various labour kommandos. This could be in the Forest Kommando, where the prisoners had to cut trees for the Kleinholz Kommando, Strovlecht Kommando [braiding straw], Potato Peel Kommando, but it could also be in one of the many other kommandos. There was no way to do anything anyway, because then you ended up in the so-called Marching Kommando where the prisoners would walk in circles around the roll call square for hours. The best kommando you could get into was the NSF (Dutch signal equipment factory) Kommando. If you worked in this kommando, you could have one roll call less at least once a day, you would get extra food and you would also be paid for the work.

Thousands of Dutch and Belgian civilians received harsh and cruel treatment at the hands of the Nazis and hundreds were executed at this camp. In the early stages of Nazi measures against the Jewish people Kamp Amersfoort also was used to confine and then deport the Jews of Amersfoort. In 1941, 820 Jews lived in the city of Amersfoort. The municipality at first resisted anti-Jewish measures, but could not prevent the removal of Jews from Amersfoort's economic and cultural life. By 22 April 1943 most of the Jewish population in Kamp Amersfoort was transferred to concentration camp Vught, another of the Nazi camps in the Netherlands. From there they were deported to Poland for extermination. After that date the camp took on the identity of a notorious concentration camp. Life was extremely harsh and torturous for the inmates. Many escapees were shot by the SS. Many Dutch Jews joined others in escape attempts. Most were shot by the SS, however some made good their escape and joined Resistance Fighters which were active in every Nazi occupied country. Capture by the SS meant torture and certain death.

As a Polizeiliches Durchgangslager (police transit camp), Concentration Kamp Amersfoort became an establishment to imprison and torture prominent Dutch and Belgian citizens. At the time of liberation only 415 survivors were counted. Hardly any of the survivors were Jews.

Victime de la seconde guerre mondiale

• Il est mort au camp Sachsenhausen.
• Il est sur la liste d'honneur
• Il apparaît, selon les cimetières en ligne, sur un monument aux morts

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