Arbre généalogique Snelder - Versteegh » Charles I of Sicily (1227-1285)

Données personnelles Charles I of Sicily 

• Il est né le 21 mars 1227 dans Anjou, Paris, Ile-de-France, France.
• Il est décédé le 7 janvier 1285 dans Foggia, Apulia, Italy, il avait 57 ans.
• Un enfant de Louis VIII of France et Blanche of of Burgundy

Famille de Charles I of Sicily

Il a/avait une relation avec Beatrice of Provence.

Enfant(s):

1. Charles II of Naples  1254-1309 

Notes par Charles I of Sicily

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_I_of_Anjou

 

Charles I (early 1227 – 7 January 1285), commonly called Charles of Anjou, was a member of the royal Capetian dynasty and the founder of the second House of Anjou. He was Count of Provence (1246–85) and Forcalquier (1246–48, 1256–85) in the Holy Roman Empire, Count of Anjou and Maine (1246–85) in France; he was also King of Sicily (1266–85) and Prince of Achaea (1278–85). In 1272, he was proclaimed King of Albania; and in 1277 he purchased a claim to the Kingdom of Jerusalem.

Being the youngest son of Louis VIII of France and Blanche of Castile, he was destined for a Church career until the early 1240s. He seized Provence and Forcalquier through his marriage to their heiress, Beatrice. His attempts to secure comital rights brought him into conflict with his mother-in-law and the nobility. He received Anjou and Maine from his brother, Louis IX of France, in appanage. He accompanied Louis during the Seventh Crusade to Egypt. Shortly after he returned to Provence in 1250, Charles forced three wealthy free imperial cities—Marseilles, Arles and Avignon—to acknowledge his suzerainty.

He supported Margaret II, Countess of Flanders and Hainaut against her eldest son in exchange for Hainaut in 1253, but two years later Louis IX persuaded him to renounce the county for a compensation. Charles forced the rebellious Provençal nobles and towns into submission and expanded his suzerainty over a dozen towns and lordships in the Kingdom of Arles. In 1263, after years of negotiations, he accepted the offer of the Holy See to seize the Kingdom of Sicily (known as the Regno) from the Hohenstaufens. Pope Urban IV declared a crusade against Manfred of Sicily and assisted Charles to raise funds for the military campaign.

Charles was crowned king in Rome on 5 January 1266. He annihilated Manfred's army and occupied the Regno almost without resistance. His victory over Manfred's young nephew, Conradin, in the Battle of Tagliacozzo strengthened his rule in 1268. His victories secured his undisputed leadership among the popes' Italian partisans (known as Guelphs), but his influence on papal elections and his strong military presence in Italy disturbed the popes. They tried to channel his ambitions towards other territories and assisted him to acquire claims to Achaea, Jerusalem and Arles through treaties. In 1281, ;Pope Martin IV authorized Charles to launch a crusade against the Byzantine Empire. Charles' ships were gathering at Messina, ready to begin the campaign when a riot—known as the Sicilian Vespers—broke out on 30 March 1282. It put an end to Charles' rule in the island of Sicily. Manfred of Sicily's son-in-law, Peter III of Aragon, was proclaimed king of Sicily, but Charles could defend the mainland territories (or the "Kingdom of Naples") with the support of France and the Holy See.

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