Arbre généalogique Van Kooten » Clovis I "The Great" King of the (Clovis I "The Great", King of the) Franks (465-511)

Données personnelles Clovis I "The Great" King of the (Clovis I "The Great", King of the) Franks 

• Prénom Clovis I "The Great", King of the.
• Il est né en l'an 465 dans Reims, Marne, Champagne-Ardenne, Frankrijk.
• Il a été baptisé le 25 décembre 465 dans Cathedral of Rheims.
• Titre: King of the Franks
• Il est décédé le 27 novembre 511 dans Ch Of St Pierre, Marne, Loire-Atlantique, Frankrijk, il avait 46 ans.
• Il est enterré en l'an 514 dans Abbey of St Genevieve.

  Later herbegraven in Saint Denis Basilica vanaf midden tot laat 18e eeuw

• Un enfant de Childeric I Merovingian King of the Salian Franks et Basina II Sainte von Thuringen Queen of Thuringia

Famille de Clovis I "The Great" King of the (Clovis I "The Great", King of the) Franks

Il est marié avec Chlotilda Queen Of Franks.

Ils se sont mariés en l'an 492, il avait 27 ans.

Enfant(s):

1. Clothair I "The Old" King of Franks  497-561 
2. Clotilda Princess Of Franks  507-531

Notes par Clovis I "The Great" King of the (Clovis I "The Great", King of the) Franks

Notes

Clovis I

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Clovis I (c. 466 – c.27 November 511) was the first King of the Franks to unite all the Frankish tribes under one ruler. He succeeded his father Childeric I in 481[1] as King of the Salian Franks, one of the Frankish tribes who were then occupying the area west of the lower Rhine, with their centre around Tournai and Cambrai along the modern frontier between France and Belgium, in an area known as Toxandria. Clovis conquered the neighbouring Frankish tribes and established himself as sole king before his death.

He converted to Roman Catholicism, as opposed to the Arianism common among the Germanic peoples at the time, at the instigation of his wife, the Burgundian Clotilda, a Catholic. He was baptized in the Cathedral of Rheims, as most future French kings would be. This act was of immense importance in the subsequent history of Western and Central Europe in general, for Clovis expanded his dominion over almost all of the old Roman province of Gaul (roughly modern France). He is considered the founder of the Merovingian dynasty which ruled the Franks for the next two centuries.

Name

In primary sources Clovis' name is spelled in a number of variants: The Frankish form Chlodovech was Latinised as Chlodovechus, from which came the Latin name Ludovicus, which evolved into the French name Louis.

The name features prominently in subsequent history: Three other Merovingian Kings have been called Clovis, while nine Carolingian rulers and thirteen other French kings and one Holy Roman Emperor have been called Louis.

Nearly every European language has developed its own spelling of his name. Louis (French), "Chlodwig" and Ludwig (German), Lodewijk (Dutch), Luis (Spanish), Luigi (Italian), and Lewis (English) are just six of the over 100 possible variations.

Scholars differ about the exact meaning of his (first)name. Most believe that Chlodovech is composed out of the Germanic roots Chlod- and -vech. Chlod- = (modern English) loud, with its oldest connotation praised. -vech = fighter (modern English). Compare in modern Dutch luid (hard sound or noise), luiden (verb - the oldest meaning is: to praise aloud) and vechten (verb - to fight). Chlodovech means praised fighter [2].

Frankish consolidation

In 486, with the help of Ragnachar, Clovis defeated Syagrius, the last Roman official in northern Gaul, who ruled the area around Soissons in present-day Picardie.[3] This victory at Soissons extended Frankish rule to most of the area north of the Loire. After this, Clovis secured an alliance with the Ostrogoths through the marriage of his sister Audofleda to their king, Theodoric the Great. He followed this victory with another in 491 over a small group of Thuringians east of the Frankish territories. Later, with the help of the other Frankish sub- kings, he narrowly defeated the Alamanni in the Battle of Tolbiac. He had previously married the Christian Burgundian princess Clotilde (493), and, following his victory at Tolbiac (traditionally set in 496), he converted to her Trinitarian Catholic faith. This set Clovis apart from the other Germanic kings of his time, such as those of the Visigoths and the Vandals, who had converted from heathen beliefs to Arian Christianity.

Christian King

The conversion of Clovis to Catholic Christianity, the religion of the majority of his subjects, strengthened the bonds between his Roman subjects, led by their Catholic bishops, and their Germanic conquerors. Nevertheless, Bernard Bachrach has argued that this conversion from his Frankish paganism alienated many of the other Frankish sub-kings and weakened his military position over the next few years. William Daly, in order more directly to assess Clovis' allegedly barbaric and pagan origins,[4] was obliged to ignore the bishop Saint Gregory of Tours and base his account on the scant earlier sources, a sixth-century "vita" of Saint Genevieve and letters to or concerning Clovis from bishops and Theodoric.

In the familiar literary convention called "interpretatio romana," Gregory of Tours gave the gods that Clovis abandoned the names of roughly equivalent Roman gods, such as Jupiter and Mercury.[5] Taken literally, such usage would suggest a strong affinity of early Frankish rulers for the prestige of Roman culture, which they may have embraced as allies and federates of the Empire during the previous century.[citation needed]

Though he fought a battle at Dijon in the year 500, Clovis did not successfully subdue the Burgundian kingdom. It appears that he somehow gained the support of the Arvernians in the following years, for they assisted him in his defeat of the Visigothic kingdom of Toulouse in the Battle of Vouillé (507) which eliminated Visigothic power in Gaul and confined the Visigoths to Hispania; the battle added most of Aquitaine to Clovis' kingdom.[3] He then established Paris as his capital,[3] and established an abbey dedicated to Saints Peter and Paul on the south bank of the Seine. Later it was renamed Sainte-Geneviève Abbey, in honor of the patron saint of Paris.[6]

According to Gregory of Tours, following the Battle of Vouillé, the Byzantine Emperor Anastasius I, granted Clovis the title of consul. Since Clovis' name does not appear in the consular lists, it is likely he was granted a suffect consulship. Gregory also records Clovis' systematic campaigns following his victory in Vouillé to eliminate the other Frankish "reguli" or sub-kings. These included Sigobert the Lame and his son Chlodoric the Parricide; Chararic, another king of the Salian Franks; Ragnachar of Cambrai, his brother Ricchar, and their brother Rignomer of Le Mans.

Shortly before his death, Clovis called a synod of Gallic bishops to meet in Orléans to reform the church and create a strong link between the Crown and the Catholic episcopate. This was the First Council of Orléans.

Gaul after Clovis' death.

Death and legacy

Clovis I is traditionally said to have died in 511; however, the Liber Pontificalis suggests that he was still alive in 513.[7] After his death, he was interred in Saint Denis Basilica, Paris. Upon his death his realm was divided among his four sons: Theuderic, Chlodomer, Childebert, and Clotaire. This partitioning created the new political units of the Kingdoms of Rheims, Orléans, Paris and Soissons and inaugurated a period of disunity which was to last, with brief interruptions, until the end (751) of his Merovingian dynasty.

The legacy of Clovis is well-established on three heads: his unification of the Frankish nation, his conquest of Gaul, and his conversion to the Roman Catholic Faith. By the first act, he assured the influence of his people in wider affairs, something no petty regional king could accomplish. By the second act, he laid the foundations of a later nation-state: France. Finally, by the third act, he made himself the ally of the papacy and its protector as well as that of the people, who were mostly Catholics.

Detracting, perhaps, from these acts of more than just national importance, his division of the state, not along national or even largely geographical lines, but primarily to assure equal income amongst his sons on his death, which may or may not have been his intention, was the cause of much internal discord in Gaul and contributed in the long run to the fall of his dynasty, for it was a pattern constantly repeated.[8] Clovis did bequeath to his heirs the support of both people and church such that, when finally the magnates were ready to do away with the royal house, the sanction of the pope was sought first.

Sources

Daly, William M., "Clovis: How Barbaric, How Pagan?" Speculum, 69:3 (1994), 619–664.

James, Edward. The Origins of France: Clovis to the Capetians, 500–1000. Macmillan, 1982.

Kaiser, Reinhold. Das römische Erbe und das Merowingerreich. Enzyklopädie deutscher Geschichte 26. Munich: 2004.

Oman, Charles. The Dark Ages 476-918. London: Rivingtons, 1914.

Wallace-Hadrill, J. M. The Long-haired Kings. London: 1962.

Notes

^ The date 481 is arrived at by counting back from the Battle of Tolbiac, which Gregory of Tours places in the fifteenth year of Clovis' reign.

^ "Etymolgisch Woordenboek vh Nederlands" for the words luid (loud) and vechten (to fight)

^ a b c "Iron Age Braumeisters of the Teutonic Forests". BeerAdvocate. Retrieved on 2006-06-02.

^ Daly, William M. Daly, "Clovis: How Barbaric, How Pagan?" Speculum 69.3 (July 1994:619-664)

^ Edward James, "Gregory of Tours Life of the Fathers" (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1985), p. 155 n. 12.

^ The abbey was demolished in 1802. All that remains is the "Tour Clovis," a Romanesque tower which now lies within the grounds of the Lycée Henri-IV, just east of The Panthéon.

^ Collins, Roger, Early Medieval Europe

^ "The Rise of the Carolingians or the Decline of the Merovingians?"

Clovis I

Merovingian Dynasty

Born: 466 Died: November 27 511

Preceded by Childeric I

King of the Salian Franks 481 – c. 509

Conquered Francia

Conquest of Francia

King of the Franks c. 509 – 511

Succeeded by Clotaire I in Soissons

Succeeded by Childebert I in Paris

Succeeded by Chlodomer in Orleans

Succeeded by Theuderic I in Rheims

________________________________________________________________

Clovis I (Chlodovech) "The Great" King of Salic Franks 481-511 was born ca 0464-0466 at Paris.1 He was the son of Childeric I King of Franks 458-481 and Basina.1 Clovis I (Chlodovech) "The Great" King of Salic Franks 481-511 married NN---- concubine-of the Franks of the Rhine.1 Clovis I (Chlodovech) "The Great" King of Salic Franks 481-511 married Chrotechildis of Burgundy in 492.1 Clovis I (Chlodovech) "The Great" King of Salic Franks 481-511 was buried at Paris.1 He died on 27 November 511.1 He was

"CHLODOVECH [Clovis], son of CHILDERICH I King of the Franks & his wife Basina --- ([464/67]-Paris [27 Nov] 511, bur Paris, basilique des Saints-Apôtres [later église de Sainte-Geneviève]). Gregory of Tours names Clovis as son of Childerich & Basina[37]. The Liber Historiæ Francorum names "Childerico" as father of "Chlodovecho rege"[38]. He succeeded his father in [481/82] as CLOVIS I King of the Franks. He defeated Syagrius, ruler at Soissons, in 486. The Liber Historiæ Francorum records that "Chlodovechus" expanded his kingdom "usque Sequanam" and afterwards "usque Ligere fluvio"[39]. He remained a pagan after his marriage to a Catholic wife, but converted to Christianity in [496] allegedly having vowed to do so if successful in a battle against the Alamans[40]. He allied with Godegisel against Gondebaud King of Burgundy in [500][41]. He defeated and killed Alaric II King of the Visigoths at the campus Vogladensis[42], probably Voulan, near Poitiers, athough this is popularly known as the battle of Vouillé[43], in 507. Gregory of Tours records that Clovis took control of the territory of the Sigebert King of the Franks of the Rhine, after persuading Sigeric's son Chloderic to kill his father and then killing Chloderic, as well as the territory of Chararic King of the Salian Franks[44]. Gregory of Tours records the death of King Clovis in Paris "five years after the battle of Vouillé" and his burial in the church of the Holy Apostles, which he and Queen Clotilde had built[45]. "

FMG, online http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/MEROVINGIANS.htm, FRANKS, Merovingian Kings. Kings of the FRANKS [451/57]-751, Kings of NEUSTRIA and AUSTRASIA.1

Child of Clovis I (Chlodovech) "The Great" King of Salic Franks 481-511 and NN- --- concubine-of the Franks of the Rhine

Theoderich I King of the Franks b. c 485, d. 5331

Children of Clovis I (Chlodovech) "The Great" King of Salic Franks 481-511 and Chrotechildis of Burgundy

Daughter 1

Theodechildis b. bt 492 - 591, d. 5761

INGOMER b. 493, d. 4931

Chlodomer b. bt 494 - 495, d. 21 Jun 5241

Childebert b. 497, d. 23 Dec 5881

Clothaire (Chlothar) I King of Soissons 511, King of Orleans 524, King of France 558-561+ b. bt 501 - 502, d. bt 30 Nov 561 - 31 Dec 5612

Chrothieldis (Clotilde) b. bt 502 - 511, d. 5311

Citations

[S57] FMG, online http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/MEROVINGIANS.htm, FRANKS, Merovingian Kings. Kings of the FRANKS [451/57]-751, Kings of NEUSTRIA and AUSTRASIA..

[S56] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 303/50.

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