Culpeper (formerly Fairfax) is the only incorporated town in Culpeper County, Virginia, United States. The population was 16,379 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Culpeper County the northernmost county of the Central Virginia region. Culpeper is part of the Culpeper Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Culpeper County. Both the Town of Culpeper and Culpeper County are part of the greater Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area.