Alfonso "Alfonso VIII the Nob..." Sanchez (1155-1214) » maximum test

Données personnelles Alfonso "Alfonso VIII the Nob..." Sanchez

Noms alternatifs: Alfonso VIII King of Castile, Alfonso Sanchez
Le surnom est Alfonso VIII the Nob....
Il est né le 11 novembre 1155Soria
Castille and Leon España.
Il a été baptisé dans King of, Castile, by, second wife.
Alternative: Il a été baptisé dans Las Huelgas, Castile, Spain.
Alternative: Il a été baptisé dans Las Huelgas, Castile, Spain.
Alternative: Il a été baptisé dans Las Huelgas, Castile, Spain.
Alternative: Il a été baptisé dans Las Huelgas, Castile, Spain.
Alternative: Il a été baptisé dans Las Huelgas, Castile, Spain.
Alternative: Il a été baptisé dans King of, Castile, by, second wife.
Alternative: Il a été baptisé dans King of, Castile, by, second wife.
Alternative: Il a été baptisé en l'an 1158.
Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ le 23 décembre 1933.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ le 23 décembre 1933.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ le 23 décembre 1933.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ le 23 décembre 1933.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ le 23 décembre 1933.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ le 23 décembre 1933.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ le 23 décembre 1933.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ le 23 décembre 1933.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ le 23 décembre 1933.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ le 23 décembre 1933 dans ARIZO.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ le 23 décembre 1933.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ le 23 décembre 1933.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ le 13 janvier 1934.
Alternative: Baptisé (à 8 ans ou plus tard) par l'autorité de la prêtrise de l'église SDJ le 13 janvier 1934.
Professions:

roi de Castille.
roi de Léon.
King.
Kung.
Roi, de Castille.
Roi, de Léon, de Galice.
King of Leon.
King of Leon 1188-1230.
Alphonso founded the University of Salamanca..
unknown dans King of Castile.
en l'an 1158 King of Castille.
le 31 août 1158 ReySpain dans Castilla.
en l'an 1170 Count of Gascogne.
en l'an 1188 unknown dans King of Leon.

(Misc Event) le 19 juillet 1195Spain.
(Misc Event) le 17 juillet 1212Spain.
Il est décédé le 12 octobre 1214, il avait 58 ansGutierre-Muñoz
Castile and León Spain.
Il est enterré le 6 octobre 1214 dans Abbey of Santa Maria la Real de HuelgasBurgos
Castilla y León Spain.
Attention: Inhumé (6 octobre 1214) avant décès (12 octobre 1214).
Un enfant de Sancho 'el Deseado' de Castilla et Blanca de Navarra
Cette information a été mise à jour pour la dernière fois le 7 février 2020.

Famille de Alfonso "Alfonso VIII the Nob..." Sanchez

Il est marié avec Eleanor of England.

Ils se sont mariés le 21 septembre 1177 à Burgos,Spain, il avait 21 ans.

Enfant(s):

Blanca de Castilla ± 1188-1252

Notes par Alfonso "Alfonso VIII the Nob..." Sanchez

GIVN Alfonso VIII Sanchez Koenig
SURN von Castile
NSFX King of Castile
AFN 8XJ4-NT
_PRIMARY Y
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 13:15:45

GIVN Alfonso IX Kioenig
SURN von Castile
NSFX King of Castile
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 13:16:16

GIVN Alfonso VIII Sanchez Koenig
SURN von Castile
NSFX King of Castile
AFN 8XJ4-NT
_PRIMARY Y
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 13:15:45

GIVN Alfonso IX Kioenig
SURN von Castile
NSFX King of Castile
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 13:16:16

(Research):Alfonso VIII Encyclopædia Britannica Article born 1155 died Oct. 6, 1214, Burgos, Castile byname El De Las Navas (Spanish: He of Las Navas) king of Castile from 1158, son of Sancho III, whom he succeeded when three years old. Before Alfonso came of age his reign was troubled by internal strife and the intervention of the kingdom of Navarre in Castilian affairs. Throughout his reign he maintained a close alliance with the kingdom of Aragon, and in 1179 he concluded the Pact of Cazorla, which settled the future line of demarcation between Castile and Aragon when the reconquest of Moorish Spain was completed. From 1172 to 1212 he was engaged in resistance to the Moorish Almohad invaders, who defeated him in 1195. In the same year the kings of Leon and Navarre invaded Castile, but Alfonso defeated them with the aid of King Peter II of Aragon. In 1212 Alfonso secured a great victory at Las Navas de Tolosa over the Almohad sultan and thereby broke Almohad power in Spain. =========================================================== Alfonso VIII, King of Castile 1158-1214 (1155-1214) Born 11 November 1155 Died 6 October 1214 Burgos Married September 1177 Burgos Eleanor of England Born 13 October 1162 Domfront, Normandy Died 31 October 1214 Burgos As a three-year-old he became king and, after a chaotic period, assumed control of his kingdom in 1166. In Burgos, in September 1177, he married the fifteen-year-old Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England. Gascony was to be her dowry; but when he claimed this territory in 1204, he lost it to his brother-in-law, John, King of England. The Moors defeated him at Alarcos in 1195 but, after their ininitial incursion into Leon and Navarre, he forced them back and made peace. However, with the kings of Leon and Navarre, he soundly defeated the Moors in 1212 at Las Navas de Tolosa. He died in Burgos on 6 October 1214, followed by his Queen on the 24th, and together they found their last resting place in the Abbey of Las Huelgas which, in 1187, on his wife's request, he had enriched. Source: Leo van de Pas

Source #1: Frederick Lewis Weis, "Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700" - Seventh Edition, with additions and corrections by Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr., assisted by Davis Faris (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co, 1995), p. 102

Source #2: Douglas Richardson, "Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families" (Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc., 2004), pp. 190-191.

Source #1: Frederick Lewis Weis, "Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700" - Seventh Edition, with additions and corrections by Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr., assisted by Davis Faris (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co, 1995), pp. 102; 104

King of Castile 1158-1214

BIOGRAPHY: King of Castilla and King of Toledo.

Name Prefix: King Name Suffix: Ix, Of Leon "The Slobberer" Nickname is from the fact that Alfonso foamed at the mouth in fits of (XXXXX@XXXX.XXX)@

Name Prefix: King Name Suffix: VIII, Of Castile "The Good"

Seal to Parents: @I264825@

[fitzalan.FTW]
[Brøderbund WFT Vol. 16, Ed. 1, Tree #0110, Date of Import: Nov 14, 1999]
Known as "The Good"

A great leader in Spanish history, Alphonso led a coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders which broke the power of the Almohades at the battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212. He founded the first Spanish university, Palencia, but it did not survive him. - Frederick L. Weis {"Ancestral Roots of Sixty New England Colonists", Lancaster, Mass., 1950"} suggests that Alphonso VIII is son of Fernando II, King of Leon (d.1188) and his wife Urraca of Portugal (m.1160), see AEM's Charts 338 + 338A. Alphonso VIII reigned 1158-1214.

Buried at Monasterio De Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile
http://www.rpi.edu/~holmes/Hobbies/Genealogy/ps07/ps07_138.htm

King of Wessex ( 957 - 959)

Alfonso IX (1171-1230), king of Leon from 1188-1230, granted rights to
assembly of nobles certain rights, including the rights to life,
honor, home, and property along with the right to a fair trial.

Excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Compton's NewMedia, Inc. All Rights Reserved

September 1177:
At age 22 married Eleanor Plantagenet, age 15

The son of Ferdinand II of Leon, he allied with Almohads to regain lands lost
by his cousin Alfonso VIII of Castile; as a result ordered by papal interdict
to marry (1197) Beregaria of Castile.

Alfonso IX of Leon
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Alfonso IX of León (August 15, 1171 – September 23 or 24, 1230; ruled from 1188–1230), first cousin of Alfonso VIII of Castile, and numbered next to him as being a junior member of the family, is said by Ibn Khaldun to have been called the Baboso or "Slobberer", because he was subject to fits of rage during which he foamed at the mouth.

Alfonso was the only son of King Ferdinand II of Leon and Urraca of Portugal. Though he took a part in the work of the reconquest, this king is chiefly remembered by the difficulties into which his successive marriages led him with the pope. He was first married in 1191 to his cousin Teresa of Portugal, who bore him two daughters, and a son who died young.

The marriage was declared null by the pope, to whom Alfonso paid no attention till he was presumably tired of his wife. It cannot have been his conscience which constrained him to leave Teresa, for his next step was to marry Berenguela of Castile in 1197, who was his second cousin. For this act of contumacy the king and kingdom were placed under interdict.

The pope was, however, compelled to modify his measures by the threat that if the people could not obtain the services of religion they would not support the clergy, and that heresy would spread. The king was left under interdict personally, but to that he showed himself indifferent, and he had the support of his clergy. Berenguela left him after the birth of five children, and the king then returned to Teresa, to whose daughters he left his kingdom by will.

Alfonso's children by Teresa of Portugal were:

Sancha (c. 1192-1270)
Dulce, also called Aldonza (c. 1195-c.1243)
Fernando (1204-August 1214)
His eldest daughter, Sancha, was engaged to her cousin King Henry I of Castile, but Henry died in 1217 before the marriage could be solemnized. Wanting to disinherit his eldest son, Fernando, King Alfonso invited John of Brienne to marry his daughter Sancha and thus inherit the Leonese throne. However, Queen Berenguela convinced John of Brienne to marry one of her daughters instead. Though she was the nominal heiress on her father's death in 1230, Sancha was easily set aside by Berenguela and Fernando. Sancha became a nun at Cozollos, where she died in 1270; she was later beatified. Her sister Dulce-Aldonza spent her life with their mother in Portugal.

Alfonso's children by Berenguela of Castile were:

Leonor (1198/99-October 31, 1210)
King Fernando III (1200-1252)
Berenguela (1201-1237), married John of Brienne
Alfonso, Lord of Molina (1203-1272)
Constanza (1205-September 7, 1242), became a nun at Las Huelgas
[edit]
References
Florez, Enrique. Reinas Catolicas, 1761
This article incorporates text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, which is in the public domain.

Preceded by:
Ferdinand II King of Leon
1188–1230 Succeeded by:
Ferdinand III

Alfonso VIII of Castile
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Alfonso VIII (11 November 1155 – 5 October 1214), called the Noble or Él de las Navas, was the King of Castile from 1158 to his death. He is most remembered for his part in the Reconquista and the downfall of the Almohad Caliphate. After having suffered a great defeat with his own army at Alarcos against the Almohads, he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in the Battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212, an event which marked the arrival of an irreversible tide of Christian supremacy on the Iberian peninsula.

His reign saw the domination of Castile over León and, by his alliance with Aragon, he drew those two spheres of Christian Iberia into close connection.

Contents [hide]
1 Regency and civil war
2 Reconquista
3 Cultural legacy
4 Children
5 Notes
6 References

[edit] Regency and civil war
Alfonso was born to Sancho III of Castile and Blanca, daughter of García VI of Navarre, in Soria on 11 November 1155. He was named after his grandfather Alfonso VII. His early life resembled that of other medieval kings. His father died in 1158 when his mother was also dead. Though proclaimed king when only three years of age, he was regarded as a mere name by the unruly nobles to whom a minority was convenient. Immediately, Castile was plunged into conflicts between the various noble houses vying for ascendancy in the inevitable regency. The Lara and Castro both claimed the regency, as did the boy's uncle, Ferdinand II of León. The devotion of a squire of his household, who carried him on the pommel of his saddle to the stronghold of San Esteban de Gormaz, saved him from falling into the hands of the contending factions.

He was put in the custody of the loyal village Ávila. At barely fifteen, he came forth to do a man's work by restoring his kingdom to order. It was only by a surprise that he recovered his capital Toledo from the hands of the Laras.

[edit] Reconquista
In 1174, he ceded Uclés to the Order of Santiago and afterwards this became the order's principal seat. From Uclés, he began a campaign which culminated in the reconquest of Cuenca in 1177. The city surrendered on 21 September, the feast of Saint Matthew, ever afterwards celebrated by the citizens of the town.

Alfonso took the initiative to ally all the major Christian kingdoms of the peninsula — Navarre, León, Portugal, and Aragon — against the Almohads. By the Treaty of Cazorla of 1179, the zones of expansion of each kingdom were defined.

After founding Plasencia (Cáceres) in 1186, he embarked on a major initiative to unite the Castilian nobility around the Reconquista. In that year, he recuperated part of La Rioja from the Kingdom of Navarre.

In 1195, after the treaty with the Almohads was broken, he came to the defence of Alarcos on the river Guadiana, then the principal Castilian town in the region. At the subsequent Battle of Alarcos, he was roundly defeated by the caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf al-Mansur. The reoccupation of the surrounding territory by the Almohads was quickly commenced with Calatrava falling first. For the next seventeen years, the frontier between Moor and Castilian was fixed in the hill country just outside Toledo.

Finally, in 1212, through the mediation of Pope Innocent III, a crusade was called against the Almohads. Castilians under Alfonso, Aragonese and Catalans under Peter II, Navarrese under Sancho VII, and Franks under the archbishop Arnold of Narbonne all flocked to the effort. The military orders also lent their support. Calatrava first, then Alarcos, and finally Benavente were captured before a final battle was fought at Las Navas de Tolosa near Santa Elena on 16 July. The caliph Muhammad an-Nasir was routed and Almohad power broken.

[edit] Cultural legacy

Statue of Alfonso VIII at the Sabatini Gardens in Madrid (J. Villanueva, 1753).Alfonso was the founder of the first Spanish university, a studium generale at Palencia, which, however, did not survive him. His court also served as an important instrument for Spanish cultural achievement. His marriage (Burgos, September 1170) with Eleanor (Leonora), daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, brought him under the influence of the greatest governing intellect of his time. Troubadours and sages were always present, largely due to the influence of Eleanor.

Alfonso died at Gutierre-Muñoz and was succeeded by his eldest surviving son, Henry I, named after his maternal grandfather.

Alfonso was the subject for Lion Feuchtwanger's novel Die Jüdin von Toledo (The Jewess of Toledo), in which is narrated an affair with a Jewish subject in medieval Toledo in a time when Spain was known to be the land of tolerance and learning for Jews, Christians, and Muslims. The titular Jewish woman of the novel is based on Alfonso's historical paramour, Rahel la Fermosa.

[edit] Children
With Eleanor, he had 12 children:

Berenguela, or Berengaria, (August 1180 – 8 November 1246), married Alfonso IX of Leon
Sancho (1181)
Sancha (1182 – 3 February 1184)
Henry (1184)
Urraca (1186 – 1220), married Alfonso II of Portugal
Blanch (4 March 1188 – 26 November 1252), married Louis VIII of France
Ferdinand (29 September 1189 – 1211), on whose behalf Diego of Acebo and the future Saint Dominic travelled to Denmark in 1203 to secure a bride[
Mafalda (1191 – 1204)
Constance (1195 – 1198)
Eleanor (1200 – 1244), married James I of Aragon
Constance (1201 – 1243), abbess of Las Huelgas
Henry I (14 April 1204 – 1217), successor

[edit] Notes
^ Vicaire. pp 89–98.

[edit] References
COSTA, Ricardo da. "Love and Crime, Chastisement and Redemption in Glory in the Crusade of Reconquest: Alfonso VIII of Castile in the battles of Alarcos (1195) and Las Navas de Tolosa (1212)". In: OLIVEIRA, Marco A. M. de (org.). Guerras e Imigrações. Campo Grande: Editora da UFMS, 2004, p. 73-94 (ISBN 85-7613-023-8).
Vicaire, M.-H. "Une ambassade dans les Marches," in Pierre Mandonnet, Saint Dominique: l'idée, l'homme et l'oeuvre Vol. 1. Desclée De Brouwer: Paris, 1938.
Preceded by
Sancho III King of Castile
1158–1214 Succeeded by
Henry I

September 1177:
At age 22 married Eleanor Plantagenet, age 15

The son of Ferdinand II of Leon, he allied with Almohads to regain lands lost
by his cousin Alfonso VIII of Castile; as a result ordered by papal interdict
to marry (1197) Beregaria of Castile.
King of Wessex ( 957 - 959)

Alfonso IX (1171-1230), king of Leon from 1188-1230, granted rights to
assembly of nobles certain rights, including the rights to life,
honor, home, and property along with the right to a fair trial.

Excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Compton's NewMedia, Inc. All Rights Reserved

September 1177:
At age 22 married Eleanor Plantagenet, age 15

The son of Ferdinand II of Leon, he allied with Almohads to regain lands lost
by his cousin Alfonso VIII of Castile; as a result ordered by papal interdict
to marry (1197) Beregaria of Castile.
King of Wessex ( 957 - 959)

Alfonso IX (1171-1230), king of Leon from 1188-1230, granted rights to
assembly of nobles certain rights, including the rights to life,
honor, home, and property along with the right to a fair trial.

Excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Compton's NewMedia, Inc. All Rights Reserved

King of Wessex ( 957 - 959)

Alfonso IX (1171-1230), king of Leon from 1188-1230, granted rights to
assembly of nobles certain rights, including the rights to life,
honor, home, and property along with the right to a fair trial.

Excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Compton's NewMedia, Inc. All Rights Reserved

September 1177:
At age 22 married Eleanor Plantagenet, age 15

The son of Ferdinand II of Leon, he allied with Almohads to regain lands lost
by his cousin Alfonso VIII of Castile; as a result ordered by papal interdict
to marry (1197) Beregaria of Castile.
King of Wessex ( 957 - 959)

Alfonso IX (1171-1230), king of Leon from 1188-1230, granted rights to
assembly of nobles certain rights, including the rights to life,
honor, home, and property along with the right to a fair trial.

Excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Compton's NewMedia, Inc. All Rights Reserved

!DESCENT: Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr., Ancestral Roots of
Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700, 7th ed., at 102
(1992). Line 110-28, 114-27.

TITLE: King of Leon.

!DESCENT: Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr., Ancestral Roots of
Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700, 7th ed., at 102,
104 (1992). Line 110-27, 113-27.

[Wikipedia, "Alfonso VIII of Castile", retrieved 6 Oct 07]
Alfonso VIII (11 November 1155 - 5 October 1214), called the Noble or Él de las Navas, was the King of Castile from 1158 to his death. He is most remembered for his part in the Reconquista and the downfall of the Almohad Caliphate. After having suffered a great defeat with his own army at Alarcos against the Almohads, he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in the Battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212, an event which marked the arrival of an irreversible tide of Christian supremacy on the Iberian peninsula.

His reign saw the domination of Castile over León and, by his alliance with Aragon, he drew those two spheres of Christian Iberia into close connection.

Regency and civil war
Alfonso was born to Sancho III of Castile and Blanca of Navarre, daughter of García VI of Navarre, in Soria on 11 November 1155. He was named after his grandfather Alfonso VII. His early life resembled that of other medieval kings. His father died in 1158 when his mother was also dead. Though proclaimed king when only three years of age, he was regarded as a mere name by the unruly nobles to whom a minority was convenient. Immediately, Castile was plunged into conflicts between the various noble houses vying for ascendancy in the inevitable regency. The Lara and Castro both claimed the regency, as did the boy's uncle, Ferdinand II of León. The devotion of a squire of his household, who carried him on the pommel of his saddle to the stronghold of San Esteban de Gormaz, saved him from falling into the hands of the contending factions.

He was put in the custody of the loyal village Ávila. At barely fifteen, he came forth to do a man's work by restoring his kingdom to order. It was only by a surprise that he recovered his capital Toledo from the hands of the Laras.

Children
With Eleanor, he had 12 children:

- Berenguela, Queen of Castile (August 1180 - 8 November 1246), married King Alfonso IX of Leon
- Sancho of Castile (born & died 1181)
- Sancha of Castile (1182 - 3 February 1184)
- Henry of Castile (born & died 1184)
- Urraca, princess of Castile (1186-1220), married King Alfonso II of Portugal
- Blanca of Castile (4 March 1188 - 26 November 1252), married King Louis VIII of France
- Fernando of Castile (29 September 1189 - 1211)
- Mafalda of Castile (1191-1204)
- Constance of Castile (1195-1198)
- Leonor of Castile (1200-1244), married King James I of Aragon
- Constanza, nun at Las Huelgas (1201-1243)
- Henry I, King of Castile (14 April 1204 - 1217)

1 AUTH Sl

The following is from the Brian Tompsett online royal genealogy, (Aug 4. 98):

Sources conflict on whom Alfonso married and when.

byname EL DE LAS NAVAS (Spanish: He of Las Navas) (b. 1155--d. Oct. 6, 1214, Burgos, Castile), king of Castile from 1158, son of Sancho III, whom he succeeded when three years old, and grandson of Alphonso VII, is a great name in Spanish history, for he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders which broke the power of the Almohades at the battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212. His personal history is that of many mediaeval kings. He succeeded to the throne on the death of his father, Sancho, at the age of a year and a half. Before Alfonso came of age his reign was troubled by internal strife and the intervention of the kingdom of Navarre in Castilian affairs. Though proclaimed king, he was regarded as a mere name by the unruly nobles to whom a minority was convenient. The devotion of a squire of his household, who carried him on the pommel of his saddle to the stronghold of San Esteban de Gormaz, saved him from falling into the hands of the contending factions of Castro and Lara, or of his uncle, Ferdinand of Leon, who claimed the regency. The loyalty of the town of Avila protected his youth. He was barely 15 when he came forth to do a man's work by restoring his kingdom to order. Throughout his reign he maintained a close alliance with the kingdom of Aragon, and in 1179 he concluded the Pact of Cazorla, which settled the future line of demarcation between Castile and Aragon when the reconquest of Moorish Spain was completed. From 1172 to 1212 he was engaged in resistance to the Moorish Almohad invaders, who defeated him in 1195. In the same year the kings of Leon and Navarre invaded Castile, but Alfonso defeated them with the aid of King Peter II of Aragon. It was only by a surprise that he recovered the capital, Toledo, from the hands of the Laras. In 1212 Alfonso secured a great victory at Las Navas de Tolosa over the Almohad sultan and thereby broke Almohad power in Spain. His marriage with Leonora of Aquitaine, daughter of Henry II of England, brought him under the influence of the greatest governing intellect of his time. Alphonso VIII was the founder of the first Spanish university, the 'studium generale' of Palencia, which, however, did not survive him. [Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1961 ed., Vol. 1, p. 687-8, ALPHONSO VIII; Encyclopaedia Britannica CD

king of Leon from 1188 to 1230, son of Ferdinand II of Leon and first cousin of Alphonso VIII of Castile, and numbered next to him as being a junior member of the family, is said by Ibn Khaldun to have been called the "Baboso" or Slobberer, because he was subject to fits of rage, during which he foamed at the mouth. Though he took a part in the work of the reconquest, this king is chiefly remembered by the difficulties into which his successive marriages led him with the pope. He was first married to his cousin, Teresa of Portugal, who bore him two daughters and a son who died young. The marriage was declared null by the pope, to whom Alphonso paid no attention till he was presumably tired of his wife. It cannot have been his conscience which constrained him to leave Teresa, for his next step was to marry Berengaria of Castile, who was his second cousin. For this act of contumacy the king and kingdom were placed under interdict. The pope was, however, compelled to modify his measures by the threat that if the people could not obtain the services of religion they would not support the clergy, and that heresy would spread. The king was left under interdict personally, but to that he showed himself indifferent, and he had the support of his clergy. Berengaria left him after the birth of five children, and the king then returned to Teresa, to whose daughters he left his kingdom by will. [Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1961 ed., Vol. 1, p. 688, ALPHONSO IX of Leon]

SURN Sanchez
GIVN Alfonso
TITL OneWorldTree
AUTH Ancestry.com
PUBL Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc.
_ITALIC Y
TITL OneWorldTree
AUTH Ancestry.com
PUBL Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc.
_ITALIC Y
AFN 8XJ4-NT
_UID 4D575FCCCD14C44A88E2D9141DC4CF7338EA
_PRIMARY Y
1 UID BD6AA453DD549B42B1C9DF0073E90819027E
1 UID 8512C239D5CFF647BEFE38F91E2A3D43289D
1 UID 1FD3048ADC634C46ADFF7A2169119D8F3E08
1 UID BD6AA453DD549B42B1C9DF0073E90819027E
1 UID C80AA7AAC825BF4997C52B73E51212BBD6DD
TITL OneWorldTree
AUTH Ancestry.com
PUBL Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc.
_ITALIC Y
DATE 21 May 2009
TIME 19:23:43

GIVN Alfonso IX
SURN FERNANDEZ KING OF LEON AND CASTILE
AFN 8XJ5-8W
REPO @REPO32@
TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
ABBR Ancestral File (TM)
_MASTER Y
DATE 3 NOV 1999
TIME 19:00:44

GIVN Alfonso IX
SURN FERNANDEZ KING OF LEON AND CASTILE
AFN 8XJ5-8W
_PRIMARY Y
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
REPO @REPO74@
TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
ABBR Ancestral File (TM)
REPO @REPO98@
TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
ABBR Ancestral File (TM)
REPO @REPO92@
TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
ABBR Ancestral File (TM)
REPO @REPO126@
TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
ABBR Ancestral File (TM)
DATE 23 NOV 1999
TIME 16:15:42

GIVN Alfonso IX
SURN FERNANDEZ KING OF LEON AND CASTILE
AFN 8XJ5-8W
_PRIMARY Y
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
REPO @REPO74@
TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
ABBR Ancestral File (TM)
REPO @REPO98@
TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
ABBR Ancestral File (TM)
REPO @REPO92@
TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
ABBR Ancestral File (TM)
REPO @REPO126@
TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
ABBR Ancestral File (TM)
DATE 23 NOV 1999
TIME 16:15:42

SURN Fernandez King of Leon And Castile
GIVN Alfonso IX
AFN 8XJ5-8W
_UID 776E3C86B193AE488300104E340A74C83C85
REPO @REPO4@
TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996
_ITALIC Y
_PAREN Y
DATE 28 Apr 2000
TIME 01:00:00

King of Castile

GIVN Alphonso IX King
SURN Leon
NSFX **
! RELATIONSHIP: H. Reed Black is 21st G G Son.
DATE 11 FEB 1998
TIME 16:41:13

TYPE Periodical
AUTH Vajay, Szabolcs de
TITL _From Alfonso VII to Alfonso X: The First Two Centuries of theBurgundian Dynasty in Castile and Leon - a Prosopographical Catalogue inSocial Genealogy, 1100-1300_
PERI Studies in Genealogy and Family History in Tribute to Charles Evans. . .
PUBL Assoc. for the Promotion of Scholarchip in Genealogy, Ltc.Occasional Publiscation No. Two, 1989
VOL Two
DATE 6/25/2000 quoted in email to (XXXXX@XXXX.XXX) by Todd A.Farmerie ((XXXXX@XXXX.XXX))
TYPE Book
AUTH äA… or c:Weis, Frederick Lewis
PERI Ancestral Roots
EDTN 7th
PUBL Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, MD (1999)
TEXT 110-28; 114-27; 120-28He was a forceful personality who brought therestful nobles under control. As a result of
allying with the Almohads against his 1st cousin Alfonso VIII of Castilehis kingdom was placed under papal interdiction & he was forced to marryAlfonso VIII's daughter.
TYPE E-Mail Message
AUTH "Robert O'Connor" ((XXXXX@XXXX.XXX))
TITL Castile [sources listed]
DATE 14 Jun 1999
LOCA (XXXXX@XXXX.XXX)/PowerMac6500>Applications>Reunion>Documents-source
DATE 26 JUN 2000

NPFX King
GIVN Alfonso IX Fernandez of
SURN Leon
Alfonso IX, 1171-1230, Spanish king of Leon (1188-1230), son andsuccessorof Ferdinand II. He conquerored from the Moors severalcities inEstremadura and was frequently at war with Alfonso VIII
ofCastile. His marriages with Teresa of Portugal and BerenguelaofCastile were both annulled by the pope. He defeated (1230) the MoorsatMêA™ida. His son by Berenguela, Ferdinand III, reunited (1230)
Leonand Castile. [The Illustrated Columbia Encyclopedia, 3rd ed., 1969]
ABBR Our Family Museum
TITL Our Family Museum: A Collection of Family History Notes
AUTH James Nohl Churchyard
QUAY 1

Ref: "Plantagenet Ancestry" Turton
Ref; "The Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles", Gerald Paget
Ref; "De Ayala of Castile, The Augistan"

Ref: "Plantagenet Ancestry" Turton
Ref; "The Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles", Gerald Paget
Ref; "De Ayala of Castile, The Augistan"

GIVN Alfonso IX Fernandez
SURN Leon
AFN 8XJ5-8W
PEDI birth

TITL lance.FTW
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Oct 10, 1998
TITL lance.FTW
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Oct 10, 1998
TITL lance.FTW
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Oct 10, 1998

SURN Alfonso IX King of Leon
REPO @REPO1@
TITL Edward I of England.FTW
ABBR Edward I of England.FTW
Source Media Type: Other
_MASTER Y
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 13, 1999
REPO @REPO1@
TITL AlfonsoIX of Leon.FTW
ABBR AlfonsoIX of Leon.FTW
Source Media Type: Other
_MASTER Y
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 13, 1999
REPO @REPO1@
TITL Edward I of England.FTW
ABBR Edward I of England.FTW
Source Media Type: Other
_MASTER Y
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 13, 1999
REPO @REPO1@
TITL AlfonsoIX of Leon.FTW
ABBR AlfonsoIX of Leon.FTW
Source Media Type: Other
_MASTER Y
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 13, 1999
[Edward I of England.FTW]
SURN Alfonso IX, King of Leon
EVEN
TYPE Rules
DATE BET 1188 AND 1230
EVEN
TYPE Abdication
DATE 1217
EVEN University Of Salamanca
TYPE Founded
DATE 1219
[AlfonsoIX of Leon.FTW]
SURN Alfonso IX, King of Leon
EVEN
TYPE Rules
DATE BET 1188 AND 1230
EVEN
TYPE Abdication
DATE 1217
EVEN University Of Salamanca
TYPE Founded
DATE 1219
REPO @REPO1@
TITL Edward I of England.FTW
ABBR Edward I of England.FTW
Source Media Type: Other
_MASTER Y
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 13, 1999
REPO @REPO1@
TITL AlfonsoIX of Leon.FTW
ABBR AlfonsoIX of Leon.FTW
Source Media Type: Other
_MASTER Y
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 13, 1999

SURN Fernandez
GIVN Alfonso IX
NSFX King of Leon And Castile
_UID A47D7B6F75FFD411B9FE90B0FC4EB12E8436
DATE 4 Feb 1998
TIME 08:32:08

GIVN Alfonso IX
SURN Fernandez
NSFX King of Spain
AFN 8XJ5-8W
DATE 25 APR 2000
TIME 20:45:49

GIVN Alfonso IX
SURN Fernandez
NSFX King of Spain
AFN 8XJ5-8W
DATE 25 APR 2000
TIME 20:45:49

TITL Dunham.FTW
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Nov 26, 2000
TITL Dunham.FTW
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Nov 26, 2000
TITL Dunham.FTW
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Nov 26, 2000

TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
REPO
NAME Family History Library
ADDR 35 N West Temple Street
CONT Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
TITL Brienne.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Sep 3, 1999
TITL Joan.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Sep 26, 1999
TITL Touchet.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Jan 2, 2000
TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
REPO
NAME Family History Library
ADDR 35 N West Temple Street
CONT Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
TITL Beaufort.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Dec 27, 1999
TITL Devereau.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Jan 10, 2000
TITL Tyrrell.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Jan 25, 2000
TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
REPO
NAME Family History Library
ADDR 35 N West Temple Street
CONT Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
TITL Stanley.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Dec 23, 1999
TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
REPO
NAME Family History Library
ADDR 35 N West Temple Street
CONT Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA
TITL Wentwort.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Jan 22, 2000
TITL Brienne.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Sep 3, 1999
TITL Stanley.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Dec 23, 1999
TITL Joan.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Sep 26, 1999
TITL Beaufort.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Dec 27, 1999
TITL Touchet.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Jan 2, 2000
TITL Devereau.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Jan 10, 2000
TITL Wentwort.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Jan 22, 2000
TITL Tyrrell.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Jan 25, 2000
TITL Brienne.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Sep 3, 1999
TITL Stanley.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Dec 23, 1999
TITL Joan.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Sep 26, 1999
TITL Beaufort.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Dec 27, 1999
TITL Touchet.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Jan 2, 2000
TITL Devereau.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Jan 10, 2000
TITL Wentwort.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Jan 22, 2000
TITL Tyrrell.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Jan 25, 2000
AFN 8XJ5-8W

TITL Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville
AUTH Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler
PUBL published by author 1978
REPO
J.H. Garner
CALN
MEDI Book
PAGE chart 1066
TITL Ahnentafel for Margery Arundell
AUTH Marlyn Lewis
PUBL 08 Oct 1997
REPO
CALN
MEDI Manuscript
TITL Lineage & Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales
AUTH Gerald Paget
PUBL Skilton, Edinburgh 1977
REPO
CALN
MEDI Book
PAGE Vol I p 69
TITL Omnibus
AUTH The Augustan Society
REPO
CALN
MEDI Magazine
PAGE Vol 12 p 102
TITL World Family Tree Volume 2 Tree # 1822
PUBL BrdáI¶erbund BannerBlue Division
REPO
CALN
MEDI Family Archive CD
TITL Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville
AUTH Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler
PUBL published by author 1978
REPO
J.H. Garner
CALN
MEDI Book
PAGE chart 1066
DATA
TEXT b 1166-71
TITL Ahnentafel for Margery Arundell
AUTH Marlyn Lewis
PUBL 08 Oct 1997
REPO
CALN
MEDI Manuscript
TITL Lineage & Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales
AUTH Gerald Paget
PUBL Skilton, Edinburgh 1977
REPO
CALN
MEDI Book
PAGE Vol I p 69
TITL World Family Tree Volume 2 Tree # 1822
PUBL BrdáI¶erbund BannerBlue Division
REPO
CALN
MEDI Family Archive CD
TITL Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville
AUTH Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler
PUBL published by author 1978
REPO
J.H. Garner
CALN
MEDI Book
PAGE chart 1066
TITL Ahnentafel for Margery Arundell
AUTH Marlyn Lewis
PUBL 08 Oct 1997
REPO
CALN
MEDI Manuscript
TITL Lineage & Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales
AUTH Gerald Paget
PUBL Skilton, Edinburgh 1977
REPO
CALN
MEDI Book
PAGE Vol I p 69
_FA1
PLAC Acceded: 1188.
_FA2
PLAC Foamed at the mouth in fits of rage.
TITL Ahnentafel for Margery Arundell
AUTH Marlyn Lewis
PUBL 08 Oct 1997
REPO
CALN
MEDI Manuscript
TITL Lineage & Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales
AUTH Gerald Paget
PUBL Skilton, Edinburgh 1977
REPO
CALN
MEDI Book
PAGE Vol I p 69Sources conflict on who Alfonso married and when.
"Ancestral roots of certain American colonists who came to America before1700", Weis, 1992, seventh edition.
"The Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles", Gerald Paget.
"Plantagenet Ancestry", Turton.
"Royal Highness, Ancestry of the Royal Child", Moncreiffe.
"Europaische Stammtafeln", Isenburg.
"De Ayala of Castile, The Augustan".
"Pedigrees from Mike Talbot of Metairie, LA".

OCCU King of Leon ...
SOUR PORTU2.TAF (Compuserve) says 1166; CHARLEMG.ZIP (GS) says 1166
COMYNX.ARC, #354 ABT 1166;gendex.com/users/daver/rigney says 15 Aug 1171
Royalty for Commoners, Roderick W. Stuart, p. says 15 Aug 1171, Zamora,Leon
SOUR PORTU2.TAF (Compuserve) says 1229; SPAIN.TAF (Compuserve) says 1229
Royalty for Commoners, Roderick W. Stuart, p. 36 says 24 Sep 1230
ROYAL.THD (Compuserve) says 23 Sep 1230; CHARLEMG.ZIP (GS) says 1229
SOUR PORTU2.TAF (Compuserve)
COMYNI.GED (Compuserve)
CHARLEMG.ZIP (GS)
Alfonso IX 'el Baboso' de Leon - COMYNI.GED (Compuserve);Alfonso IX elBaboso
(Slobberer), King of Leon - EDIIIALL.TAF (Compuserve), #20;Had 1 son & 2dau.
with Therese - ROYAL.THD (Compuserve); Alfonso IX "el Barboro" King ofCastile
and Leon, 1188-1289 - Royalty for Commoners, Roderick W. Stuart, p. 36
King of Castile and Leon, 1188-1229.
NOTE
GEDCOM created by TMG...

GIVN Alfonso VIII King
SURN Castile
NSFX **
! Alfonso has parents in the Ancestral File: Sancho III King Of Castile(AFN:8XPZ-57) and Blanche Queen Of C (AFN:8XQ0-45).
! RELATIONSHIP: H. Reed Black is 22nd & 23rd G G Son.
DATE 17 DEC 1997
TIME 11:53:57

TITL Dunham.FTW
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Nov 26, 2000
TITL Dunham.FTW
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Nov 26, 2000
TITL Dunham.FTW
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Nov 26, 2000

NPFX King
GIVN Alfonso VIII of
SURN Castile
Alfonso VIII (Alfonso the Noble), 1155-1214, Spanish king ofCastile(1158-1214), son and successor of Sancho III. Chaos prevailedduringhis minority, but he quickly restored order after assuming
thegovernment. He married Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England,andtheir daughter, Blanche of Castile, married Louis VIII ofFrance.Alfonso took Cuenca (1177) and incorporated the provinces of
ãa„“lava andGuipzèi¸Øcoa into Castile (1200). Attacked simultaneously by acoalitionof Navarre, Aragon, and Leon and by the Moors, he was defeated(1195)by the Moors. He later made peace with his former
Christian enemiesand led them to the great victory over the Almohades atNavas deTolosa (1212). At Palencia he founded the first university inSpain(1212 or 1214). He was succeeded by his son, Henry
I (1214-17), whowas succeeded by Ferdinand III. [The IllustratedColumbiaEncyclopedia, 1969]
ABBR Our Family Museum
TITL Our Family Museum: A Collection of Family History Notes
AUTH James Nohl Churchyard
QUAY 1
ABBR Our Family Museum
TITL Our Family Museum: A Collection of Family History Notes
AUTH James Nohl Churchyard
QUAY 1

GIVN Alfonso VIII of
SURN Castile
REPO @REPO1@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 5, Ed. 1
AUTH BräA¸derbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: August 22, 1996
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 5, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
_MASTER Y
PAGE Tree #1939
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 29, 1999
REPO @REPO1@
TITL George Washington thru Eleanor De Mowbray.FTW
ABBR George Washington thru Eleanor De Mowbray.FTW
Source Media Type: Other
_MASTER Y
PAGE Tree #1939
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 29, 1999
REPO @REPO1@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 5, Ed. 1
AUTH BräA¸derbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: August 22, 1996
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 5, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
_MASTER Y
PAGE Tree #1939
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 29, 1999
REPO @REPO1@
TITL George Washington thru Eleanor De Mowbray.FTW
ABBR George Washington thru Eleanor De Mowbray.FTW
Source Media Type: Other
_MASTER Y
PAGE Tree #1939
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 29, 1999
REPO @REPO1@
TITL Edward I of England.FTW
ABBR Edward I of England.FTW
Source Media Type: Other
_MASTER Y
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 13, 1999
REPO @REPO1@
TITL AlfonsoIX of Leon.FTW
ABBR AlfonsoIX of Leon.FTW
Source Media Type: Other
_MASTER Y
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 13, 1999
REPO @REPO1@
TITL Edward I of England.FTW
ABBR Edward I of England.FTW
Source Media Type: Other
_MASTER Y
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 13, 1999
REPO @REPO1@
TITL AlfonsoIX of Leon.FTW
ABBR AlfonsoIX of Leon.FTW
Source Media Type: Other
_MASTER Y
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 13, 1999
[Edward I of England.FTW]
SURN Alfonso VIII, King of Castile
EVEN
TYPE Reign
DATE BET 1158 AND 1214
[AlfonsoIX of Leon.FTW]
SURN Alfonso VIII, King of Castile
EVEN
TYPE Reign
DATE BET 1158 AND 1214
REPO @REPO1@
TITL World Family Tree Vol. 5, Ed. 1
AUTH BräA¸derbund Software, Inc.
PUBL Release date: August 22, 1996
ABBR World Family Tree Vol. 5, Ed. 1
Customer pedigree.
Source Media Type: Family Archive CD
_MASTER Y
PAGE Tree #1939
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 29, 1999
REPO @REPO1@
TITL George Washington thru Eleanor De Mowbray.FTW
ABBR George Washington thru Eleanor De Mowbray.FTW
Source Media Type: Other
_MASTER Y
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 29, 1999
REPO @REPO1@
TITL Edward I of England.FTW
ABBR Edward I of England.FTW
Source Media Type: Other
_MASTER Y
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 13, 1999
REPO @REPO1@
TITL AlfonsoIX of Leon.FTW
ABBR AlfonsoIX of Leon.FTW
Source Media Type: Other
_MASTER Y
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Mar 13, 1999

TITL Ahnentafel for Margery Arundell
AUTH Marlyn Lewis
PUBL 08 Oct 1997
REPO
CALN
MEDI Manuscript
TITL Royal Highness, Ancestry of the Royal Child
AUTH Moncreiffe
REPO
CALN
MEDI Book
PAGE p 120
TITL Lineage & Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles, Prince of Wales
AUTH Gerald Paget
PUBL Skilton, Edinburgh 1977
REPO
CALN
MEDI Book
PAGE Vol I p 69
TITL World Family Tree Volume 2 Tree # 1822
PUBL BrdáI¶erbund BannerBlue Division
REPO
CALN
MEDI Family Archive CD
TITL Ahnentafel for Margery Arundell
AUTH Marlyn Lewis
PUBL 08 Oct 1997
REPO
CALN
MEDI Manuscript
TITL Royal Highness, Ancestry of the Royal Child
AUTH Moncreiffe
REPO
CALN
MEDI Book
PAGE p 120
TITL World Family Tree Volume 2 Tree # 1822
PUBL BrdáI¶erbund BannerBlue Division
REPO
CALN
MEDI Family Archive CD
TITL Ahnentafel for Margery Arundell
AUTH Marlyn Lewis
PUBL 08 Oct 1997
REPO
CALN
MEDI Manuscript
DATA
TEXT d near Avevalo, Castile
TITL Royal Highness, Ancestry of the Royal Child
AUTH Moncreiffe
REPO
CALN
MEDI Book
PAGE p 120
DATA
TEXT d near Avevalo, Castile
_FA1
PLAC Victor at the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa.
_FA2
PLAC Tolosa forever tipped the Iberian scales in favor of the Christians.
_FA3
PLAC Buried at Cistercian Monastery, Santa Maria la Real, Huelgas,Burgos, Spain.
TITL Ahnentafel for Margery Arundell
AUTH Marlyn Lewis
PUBL 08 Oct 1997
REPO
CALN
MEDI Manuscript
DATA
TEXT Buried at Cistercian Monastery, Santa Maria la Real
TITL Royal Highness, Ancestry of the Royal Child
AUTH Moncreiffe
REPO
CALN
MEDI Book
PAGE p 120
DATA
TEXT Buried at Cistercian Monastery, Santa Maria la Real
_FA4
PLAC Led the coalition against the Moorish Almohades.
TITL Ahnentafel for Margery Arundell
AUTH Marlyn Lewis
PUBL 08 Oct 1997
REPO
CALN
MEDI ManuscriptAlfonso VIII, King of Castile, victor at the battle of LasNavas de
Tolosa, which forever tipped the Iberian scales in favor of the
christians. He married Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England, and
Eleanor of Aquitaine. In addition to son Enrique I (who d.s.p.) he had
several daughters, including the wife of Louis VIII.

GIVN Alphonso VIII King Of
SURN Castile
AFN 8JDT-GG

SURN Sanchez
GIVN Alfonso VIII
NSFX The Noble,king of Castile
_UID AA7D7B6F75FFD411B9FE90B0FC4EB12E8A96
DATE 12 Mar 1998
TIME 20:33:15

GIVN Alfonso VIII
SURN Sanchez
NSFX King of Castile
AFN 8XJ4-NT
DATE 6 MAY 2000
TIME 12:33:30

GIVN Alfonso VIII Sanchez
SURN King Of CASTILE
AFN 8XJ4-NT

TITL lance.FTW
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Oct 10, 1998
TITL lance.FTW
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Oct 10, 1998
TITL lance.FTW
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Oct 10, 1998

GIVN Alfonso VIII "The Noble"
SURN SANCHEZ King Of CASTILE
AFN 8XJ4-NT
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TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
ABBR Ancestral File (TM)
_MASTER Y
DATE 3 NOV 1999
TIME 19:00:44

GIVN Alfonso VIII "The Noble"
SURN SANCHEZ King Of CASTILE
AFN 8XJ4-NT
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
REPO @REPO74@
TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
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AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
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AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
ABBR Ancestral File (TM)
DATE 23 NOV 1999
TIME 16:18:46

GIVN Alfonso VIII "The Noble"
SURN SANCHEZ King Of CASTILE
AFN 8XJ4-NT
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
From Ancestral File (TM), data as of 2 January 1996.
REPO @REPO74@
TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL June 1998 (c), data as of 5 JAN 1998
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TIME 16:18:46

OCCU King of Castile ...
SOUR Encyclopedia
PORTU2.TAF (Compuserve), COMYNX.ARC (Compuserve), #373
Royalty for Commoners, Roderick W. Stuart, p. 61
PAGE 20
QUAY 2
SOUR Encyclopedia,PORTU2.TAF (Compu), COMYN4.TAF (Compu), p. 11 says 6Oct 1214
Royalty for Commoners, Roderick W. Stuart, p. 61 says 5 Oct 1214
COMYNX.ARC (Compuserve) says 6 Aug 1214;EDIIIALL.TAF (Compuserve)8/6(22)/1214
PAGE 20
QUAY 3
SOUR COMYNX.ARC (Compuserve)
EDIIIALL.TAF (Compuserve), #42
ROYAL.THD (Compuserve)
PAGE 373
QUAY 1
SOUR The Conquerors,Thomas B. Costain
PORTU2.TAF (Compuserve), COMYNI.GED (Compuserve)
COMYNX.ARC (Compuserve), #373
Alfonso the Noble, king of Castile (1158-1214), restored order in hiskingdom
and won a great victory (1212) over the Moors - Encyclopedia, p. 20;
Alfonso IX, King of Castile - COLLINS.ROY (Compuserve);only surviving sonof
King Sancho;suc his father 31 Aug 1158 - ROYAL.THD (Compuserve); King ofCas-
tile, Toledo and Extramadura; the victor of Los Navas de Toleso; diednear
Avevalo; bur Cictercian monastery, Santa Maria la Real, called de lasHuelgas,
near Burgos, Spain - Royalty for Commoners, Roderick W. Stuart, p. 61

SURN Sanchez
GIVN Alfonso VIII "The Noble"
NSFX King of Castile
AFN 8XJ4-NT
_UID FC67F0AAA294AD4E8AA4D35AABF1B76945D5
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TITL Ancestral File (TM)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996
_ITALIC Y
_PAREN Y
DATE 28 Apr 2000
TIME 01:00:00

GIVN Alfonso VIII
SURN Sanchez
NSFX King of Castile
AFN 8XJ4-NT
DATE 6 MAY 2000
TIME 12:33:30

See Historical Document.

TYPE Book
AUTH Stuart, Roderick W.
PERI Royalty for Commoners
EDTN 3d
PUBL Genealogical Publishing co., Inc, Baltimore, MD (1998)
ISB 0-8063-1561-X
TEXT 83-27
TYPE Book
AUTH äA… or c:Weis, Frederick Lewis
PERI Ancestral Roots
EDTN 7th
PUBL Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, MD (1999)
TEXT 110-27; 113-27
ACED
DATE 1158Parents: Sancho and Blanche
!PROGENY: Sancho of CASTILLE; Berengaria, Queen of Castille; Uracca ofCASTILLE; Constancia of CASTILLE; Matilda of CASTILLE; Sancha ofCASTILLE; Enrique of CASTILLE; and Blanche of CASTILLE.
He succeeded to the
throne at the age of 3. His minority was troubled by internal strife,
however his reign was characterised by a close alliance with Aragon & in
1179 he concluded the pact of Cazorla which settled the future line of
demarcation between Castile & Aragon when the conquest of Moorish Spainwas
completed. The main task of Alfonso's reign was resistance to the Almohad
invaders who by 1172 had secured control over most of the Moorish states.
In 1195 they inflicted a great defeat on him at Alarcos, while incollusion
with them the Kings of Leon & Navarre invaded Castile. However he dealt
with Leon & Navarre, forcing the king of Leon to marry his daughter. In
1212 he finally secured a great victory over the Almohad sultan whichbroke
Almohad power in Spain. M 1176 Eleanor (1161-1214), d. of Henry II,King
of England (See ENGLAND). Died 6 Oct. 1214. He had issue: Weis, pp102 &
104 Stuart, p 44 EB, I, p 593 Leese, p 47
TYPE E-Mail Message
AUTH Dave ((XXXXX@XXXX.XXX))
TITL Re: Help - Henry II FitzEmpress
DATE 31 Nar 1998
LOCA (XXXXX@XXXX.XXX)/PowerMac6500>Applications>Reunion>Documents-source
TYPE E-Mail Message
AUTH Dave ((XXXXX@XXXX.XXX))
TITL Re: Help - Henry II FitzEmpress
DATE 31 Nar 1998
LOCA (XXXXX@XXXX.XXX)/PowerMac6500>Applications>Reunion>Documents-source
TYPE E-Mail Message
AUTH "Robert O'Connor" ((XXXXX@XXXX.XXX))
TITL Castile [sources listed]
DATE 14 Jun 1999
LOCA (XXXXX@XXXX.XXX)/PowerMac6500>Applications>Reunion>Documents-source
DATE 28 MAY 2000

1156

1155-1214. Son of Sancho III of Castile; king of Castile(1166-1214).After a chaotic minority, Alfonso assumed controlof his kingdom in 1166and married Eleanor, daughter of Henry IIof England, in 1169. Hereceived the reversion of Gascony andas her dowry, but in 1204 on thedeath of Eleanor of Aquitainehad to claim it by force, later losing it toKing John ofEngland. He endowed the royal abbey of Las Huelgas,nearBurgos, in 1187, at his wife's request; the abbey was also to betheirroyal mausoleum. In 1195 Alfonso was defeated by theMoors at Alarcos,and Castile was invaded by the armies ofneighbouring Leon and Navarre,but he fought back and forcedtheir leaders to terms. In 1212 he led Leonand Navarre to agreat victory over the Moors at Las Navas de Tolosa.
As a three-year-old he became king and, after a chaotic period, assume d control of his kingdom in 1166. In Burgos, in September 1177, he mar ried the fifteen-year-old Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England. Ga scony was to be her dowry; but when he claimed this territory in 1204 , he lost it to his brother-in-law, John, King of England.

The Moors defeated him at Alarcos in 1195 but, after their ininitial i ncursion into Leon and Navarre, he forced them back and made peace. Ho wever, with the kings of Leon and Navarre, he soundly defeated the Moo rs in 1212 at Las Navas de Tolosa.

He died in Burgos on 6 October 1214, followed by his Queen on the 24th , and together they found their last resting place in the Abbey of La s Huelgas which, in 1187, on his wife's request, he had enriched.
NOTE
GEDCOM created by TMG...

GIVN Alfonso VIII Sanchez Koenig
SURN von Castile
NSFX King of Castile
AFN 8XJ4-NT
_PRIMARY Y
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 13:15:45

GIVN Alfonso IX Kioenig
SURN von Castile
NSFX King of Castile
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 13:16:16

{geni:about_me} Alfonso VIII de Castilla, llamado «el de Las Navas» o «el Noble» (Soria, 11 de noviembre de 1155 – Gutierre-Muñoz, del domingo 5 al lunes 6 de octubre de 1214), fue rey de Castilla entre 1158 y 1214. Hijo de Sancho III y Blanca Garcés de Pamplona, derrotó a los almohades en la batalla de Las Navas de Tolosa, librada en 1212, y fue sucedido en el trono por su hijo Enrique.

Por parte de padre era descendiente de los reyes de la Casa de Borgoña y del Condado de Barcelona, y por parte de madre, de los reyes de Pamplona y de Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar.

https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_VIII_de_Castilla

Find-a-Grave Memorial #177323167

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Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_VIII_of_Castile

Alfonso VIII (11 November 1155, Soria – 5 October 1214), called the Noble or el de las Navas, was the King of Castile from 1158 to his death and King of Toledo. He is most remembered for his part in the Reconquista and the downfall of the Islamic Almohad Caliphate and the liberation of Celtic Spanish peoples from subjugation under Islamic rule, where Spanish Celts had suffered centuries of being sold into slavery to Arabs.

King Alfonso VIII the Noble married Princess Eleanor Plantagenet who was the daughter of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine.

Together they built and lived in the beautiful castle of Alcazar of Segovia. (see photo)

After having suffered a great defeat with his own army at Alarcos against the Almohads, he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in the Battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212, an event which marked the arrival of an irreversible tide of Christian supremacy on the Iberian peninsula.

His reign saw the domination of Castile over León and, by his alliance with Aragon, he drew those two spheres of Christian Iberia into close connection.

Saint Ferdinand III was his grandson, who was canonized by the Pope for completing the liberation of Spain from the Moors.

Both King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella (who financed the voyages of Christopher Columbus) are descendants of King Alfonso VIII. Many kings of England and kings across continental Europe also descend from King Alfonso VIII.

Regency and civil war

Alfonso was born to Sancho III of Castile and Blanche, daughter of García Ramírez of Navarre, in Soria on 11 November 1155.[3] He was named after his grandfather Alfonso VII of Castile. His early life resembled that of other medieval kings. His father died in 1158 when his mother was also dead. Though proclaimed king when only three years of age, he was regarded as merely nominal by the unruly nobles to whom a minority was convenient. Immediately, Castile was plunged into conflicts between the various noble houses vying for ascendancy in the inevitable regency. The devotion of a squire of his household, who carried him on the pommel of his saddle to the stronghold of San Esteban de Gormaz, saved him from falling into the hands of the contending factions. The noble houses of Lara and Castro both claimed the regency, as did the boy's uncle, Ferdinand II of León. In 1159 the young Alfonso was put briefly in the custody of García Garcés de Aza, who was not wealthy enough to support him. In March 1160 the Castro and Lara met at the Battle of Lobregal and the Castro were victorious, but the guardianship of Alfonso and the regency fell to Manrique Pérez de Lara.

Alfonso was put in the custody of the loyal village Ávila. At barely fifteen, he came forth to do a man's work by restoring his kingdom to order. It was only by a surprise that he recovered his capital Toledo from the hands of the Laras.

[edit] Reconquista

In 1174, he ceded Uclés to the Order of Santiago and afterwards this became the order's principal seat. From Uclés, he began a campaign which culminated in the reconquest of Cuenca in 1177. The city surrendered on 21 September, the feast of Saint Matthew, ever afterwards celebrated by the citizens of the town.

Alfonso took the initiative to ally all the major Christian kingdoms of the peninsula — Navarre, León, Portugal, and Aragon — against the Almohads. By the Treaty of Cazola of 1179, the zones of expansion of each kingdom were defined.

After founding Plasencia (Cáceres) in 1186, he embarked on a major initiative to unite the Castilian nobility around the Reconquista. In that year, he recuperated part of La Rioja from the Kingdom of Navarre.

In 1195, after the treaty with the Almohads was broken, he came to the defence of Alarcos on the river Guadiana, then the principal Castilian town in the region. At the subsequent Battle of Alarcos, he was roundly defeated by the caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf al-Mansur. The reoccupation of the surrounding territory by the Almohads was quickly commenced with Calatrava falling first. For the next seventeen years, the frontier between Moor and Castilian was fixed in the hill country just outside Toledo.

Finally, in 1212, through the mediation of Pope Innocent III, a crusade was called against the Almohads. Castilians under Alfonso, Aragonese and Catalans under Peter II, Navarrese under Sancho VII, and Franks under the archbishop Arnold of Narbonne all flocked to the effort. The military orders also lent their support. Calatrava first, then Alarcos, and finally Benavente were captured before a final battle was fought at Las Navas de Tolosa near Santa Elena on 16 July. The caliph Muhammad an-Nasir was routed and Almohad power broken.

Cultural legacy

Alfonso was the founder of the first Spanish university, a studium generale at Palencia, which, however, did not survive him. His court also served as an important instrument for Spanish cultural achievement. His marriage (Burgos, before 17 September 1177)[4] with Eleanor (Leonora), daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, brought him under the influence of the greatest governing intellect of his time. Troubadours and sages were always present, largely due to the influence of Eleanor.

Alfonso died at Gutierre-Muñoz and was succeeded by his eldest surviving son, Henry I, named after his maternal grandfather.

Alfonso was the subject for Lion Feuchtwanger's novel Die Jüdin von Toledo (The Jewess of Toledo), in which is narrated an affair with a Jewish subject in medieval Toledo in a time when Spain was known to be the land of tolerance and learning for Jews, Christians, and Muslims. The titular Jewish woman of the novel is based on Alfonso's historical paramour, Rahel la Fermosa.

[edit] Children

With Eleanor of England he had 11 children:

Name Birth Death Notes

Infanta Berenguela (Berengaria) Burgos,

1 January/

June 1180 Las Huelgas near Burgos,

8 November 1246 Married firstly in Seligenstadt on 23 April 1188 with Duke Conrad II of Swabia, but the union (only by contract and never solemnized) was later annulled. Married in Valladolid between 1/16 December 1197 with King Alfonso IX of León as her second wife. After their marriage was dissolved on grounds of consanguinity in 1204, she returned to her homeland and became regent of her minor brother King Henry I. Queen of Castile in her own right after the death of Henry I in 1214, immediately abdicated in favor of her son.

Infante Sancho Burgos,

5 April 1181 26 July 1181 Heir of the throne since his birth, died aged three months.

Infanta Sancha 20/28 March 1182 3 February 1184/

16 October 1185 Died in infancy.

Infante Enrique (Henry) 1184 1184? Heir of the throne since his birth, died either shortly after been born or in infancy. His existence is disputed among sources.

Infanta Urraca 1186/

28 May 1187 Coimbra,

3 November 1220 Married in 1206 to Prince Alfonso, who succeeded his father in 1212 as King Alfonso II of Portugal.

Infanta Blanca (Blanche) Palencia,

4 March 1188 Paris,

27 November 1252 Married in the Abbaye de Port-Mort near Pont-Audemer, Normandy on 23 May 1200 with Prince Louis, who succeeded his father in 1223 as King Louis VIII of France. Regent of the Kingdom of France during her son's minority (1226–1234) and during his absence on the Seventh Crusade.

Infante Fernando (Ferdinand) Cuenca,

29 September 1189 Madrid,

14 October 1211 Heir of the throne since his birth. On whose behalf Diego of Acebo and the future Saint Dominic travelled to Denmark in 1203 to secure a bride. He died soon after returning from campaigning against the Moors.

Infanta Mafalda Plasencia,

1191 Salamanca,

1211 Betrothed in 1204 to Infante Ferdinand of Leon, eldest son of King Alfonso IX and stepson of her oldest sister.

Infanta Constanza (Constance) 1195 Las Huelgas,

1243 A nun at the Cistercian monastery of Santa María la Real at Las Huelgas in 1217, she later became Abbess of her community.

Infanta Leonor (Eleanor) 1202 Las Huelgas,

1244 Married in Ágreda on 6 February 1221 with King James I of Aragon. After her marriage was dissolved on grounds of consanguinity in April 1229, she became a nun at the Cistercian monastery of Santa María la Real at Las Huelgas.

King Enrique I (Henry I) of Castile Valladolid,

14 April 1204 Palencia,

6 June 1217 Only surviving son, he succeeded his father in 1214 aged ten under the regency firstly of his mother and later his oldest sister Berengaria. Married in Burgos before 29 August 1215 with Infanta Mafalda of Portugal, the union was unconsummated and dissolved in 1216 on grounds of consanguinity. Soon after his divorce was betrothed with Infanta Sancha of León, eldest daughter of King Alfonso IX and stepdaughter of her oldest sister, but died killed by a tile coming off a roof before the marriage could be solemnized.

[edit] Notes

1.^ Titles of the European kings[dead link]

2.^ Medieval Iberia: an encyclopedia, 61.

3.^ Medieval Iberia: an encyclopedia, 61.

4.^ Foundation for Medieval Genealogy on Alfonso VIII of Castile, marriage and issues

5.^ Medieval Iberia: an encyclopedia, 63.

6.^ New international encyclopedia, Vol.13, (Dodd, Mead and Company, 1915), 782.

7.^ Vicaire, pp. 89–98.

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BIOGRAPHY: Alfonso VIII was also known as El De Las Navas (He of Las Navas). He was the king of Castile from 1158 and the son of Sancho III, whom he succeeded when he was three years old. Before Alfonso came of age, his reign was troubled by internal strife and the intervention of the kingdom of Navarre in Castilian affairs. Throughout his reign he maintained a close alliance with the kingdom of Aragon, and in 1179 he concluded the Pact of Cazorla, which settled the future line of demarcation between Castile and Aragon when the reconquest of Moorish Spain was completed. From 1172 to 1212 he was engaged in resistance to the Moorish Almohad invaders, who defeated him in 1195. In the same year the kings of Leon and Navarre invaded Castile, but Alfonso defeated them with the aid of King Peter II of Aragon. In 1212 Alfonso secured a great victory at Las Navas de Tolosa over the Almohad sultan and thereby broke Almohad power in Spain. Alfonso VIII. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved June 27, 2003, from Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service.

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Alfonso VIII, apodado el de las Navas o el Noble (Soria, 11 de noviembre de 1155 - Gutierre-Muñoz (Ávila), 5 de octubre de 1214). Rey de Castilla (1158 – 1214), hijo de Sancho III y Blanca de Navarra.

Accedió al trono en 1158 (es Alfonso VI el que a la muerte de Fernando I, subdivide el Gran Reino en Tres, el de Galicia, Castilla, siempre dependientes del Reino de León, de hecho no habría trono de Castilla hasta el año 1217-1230 que se sitúa la creación real de la Corona de Castilla y su posterior unión al Reino de León, formando el Reino de León y de Castilla, de hecho siempre se hacen coronar en León) a la muerte de su padre, cuando contaba tan sólo tres años. Se convierte así en motivo de conflicto entre los partidos nobiliarios que se disputaban el poder, los Lara y los Castro que pretendían su tutela y la regencia, lo mismo que reivindicaba su tío, el rey de León, Fernando II, lo cual casi provocó una guerra civil.

Un hidalgo sacó al pequeño del palacio real, poniéndolo bajo la custodia de las villas leales del norte de Castilla, San Esteban de Gormaz (Provincia de Soria) y Ávila. Ya adolescente, tuvo que luchar por la conquista de su reino. Les arrebató por sorpresa la capital, Toledo.

En 1174 cedió la Orden de Santiago a la villa de Uclés (Provincia de Cuenca), siendo desde entonces la casa principal de la orden. Desde esta plaza inicia una campaña que culmina con la reconquista de Cuenca en 1177. La ciudad se rinde el 21 de septiembre, festividad de San Mateo, celebrada desde entonces por los conquenses.

Tras fundar Plasencia en 1186, y con intención de unificar a la nobleza castellana, relanza la Reconquista, recupera parte de La Rioja que estaba en manos navarras y la reintegra a su reino. Establece una alianza con todos los reinos peninsulares cristianos -a la sazón, Portugal, León, Castilla, Navarra y Aragón- para proseguir ordenadamente conquistando las tierras ocupadas por los almohades. Así, en 1179 se firma el Tratado de Cazorla que delimitará las zonas de expansión de cada reino.

En 1195, tras la ruptura de la tregua con el Imperio almohade, acude a la defensa de Alarcos (Provincia de Ciudad Real), junto al río Guadiana, que en ese momento estaba concibiendo como el principal enclave real de la región. Allí se produce la batalla de Alarcos, donde el monarca castellano fue fuertemente derrotado por el califa almohade Abu Yaqub Yusuf al-Mansur. Tras la inmediata reocupación de toda la región por parte de los almohades, comenzando por la vecina ciudad de Calatrava (Calatrava la Vieja), la frontera entre Castilla y el Imperio almohade se traladó durante diecisiete años a los Montes de Toledo.

En 1212, con la mediación del papa Inocencio III, fue convocada una Cruzada con el fin de derrotar definitivamente el poder almohade. A ella acudieron, además de sus súbditos castellanos, aragoneses -al mando de su rey, Pedro II el Católico-, navarros -dirigidos por Sancho VII el Fuerte-, y ultramontanos -el arzobispo Arnaldo de Narbona, entre otros; y las respectivas órdenes militares. Con todos ellos y tras la recuperación de los enclaves del valle del Guadiana (Calatrava, Alarcos, Benavente, etc.- alcanzó la esperada victoria sobre el califa almohade Miramamolín en la batalla de las Navas de Tolosa, producida el 16 de julio en las inmediaciones de Santa Elena (Provincia de Jaén).

Alfonso VIII fue el fundador de la primera universidad española, el studium generale de Palencia, que decayó tras su fallecimiento. Además, su corte sería un importante instrumento cultural, con el acogimiento de trovadores y sabios, especialmente por la influencia de su esposa gascona doña Leonor (hermana de Ricardo Corazón de León). El rey se casó en septiembre de 1170 en Burgos con Leonor de Plantagenet, hija de Enrique II de Inglaterra y de Leonor de Aquitania. La influencia política y cultural de la reina fue notable, y se profesaron sincero amor.

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http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cousin/html/p385.htm#i5004

Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla also went by the name of Alfonso VIII "the Noble". He was born on 11 November 1155 at Soria, Castile - León, Spain.4,5 He was the son of Sancho III Alfonsez "el Deseado", rey de Castilla and Princess Blanche Garcés de Navarre.3 King of Castile at Spain between 1158 and 1214.6,7 Styled Rex Toleti et Castelle.8 A contract for the marriage of Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla and reina de Castilla Eleanor d' Anjou was signed in 1169 at Burgos, Castile - León, Spain. Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla married reina de Castilla Eleanor d' Anjou, daughter of Henri II "Courtmanteau", roi d' Angleterre and Aliénor d' Aquitaine, reine d' Angleterre, on 22 September 1177 at Burgos, Spain.4,9,3 Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla and Alfonso II "el Casto" , rey de Aragón y Cataluña were made a pact in 1179. This pact of Cazorla fixed the future zones of reconquest for the two countries. Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla and reina de Castilla Eleanor d' Anjou were founded the Monasterio de las Huelgas, a Cistercian monastery, in 1187 at Burgos, Castile - León, Spain. Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla abandoned at the last minute by the fellow Christian Kingdoms of Navarre and Leon (ruled by a cousin) which led to a great Muslim victory in 1195 at the Battle of Alarcos.10 He was defeated by Abû Yûsuf Ya'qûb of the Almohads, a new Berber dynasty which invaded the muslim power vacuum in al-Andalus, in Alarcos, on the Córdoba-Toledo road in July 1195 at the Battle of Alarcos.11 Alfonso VIII of Castile, with the assistance of Sancho VII of Navarre, and Pedro II of Aragon, joined by troops from Portugal and Leon (but not the King, Alfonso the Barbarian, who again betrayed Castile), led a victory against the Moors which was the culmination of the Reconquest of Spain by the Christians. On 16 July 1212 at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa. He was a witness where Alfonso IX "el Barboro", rey de León repeated his betrayal against his cousin's kingdom of Castile, but this time Castile was saved by others, on 16 July 1212 at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa.10 Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla was able, with the assistance of fellow Christian Kingdoms, to finally defeat the Almohads decisively at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, near Bailén in northern Andalusia, the same spot where Scipio had defeated the Carthaginians more than a millennium before, on 16 July 1212.11 He died on 6 October 1214 at Gutierra Munoz, Avila, Castile, Spain, at age 58 years, 10 months and 25 days.4,3,5 He was the predecessor of rey de Castilla Henrique I Alfonsez; King of Castile.6,7 Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla was buried in the Monasterio de las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile - León, Spain.

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Nació el 11-XI-1155, en Soria. Fue rey de Castilla de 1158 a 1214. Casó, el 22-IX-1177, en Burgos, Castilla, con Leonor de Plantagenet (1162-1214), princesa de Inglaterra (ver Casa de Anjou-Plantagenet y Reyes de Inglaterra de la Casa de Wessex). Tuvieron diez hijos: Sancho, Fernando, Enrique I —rey de Castilla de 1214 a 1217—, Berenguela (que sigue), Sancha, Urraca (casada con Alfonso II de Portugal), Blanca (casada con Luis VIII de Francia), Mafalda, Leonor (casada con Jaime I de Aragón) y Constanza (abadesa de las Huelgas). Alfonso VIII murió en Gutierre de Muñóz, Ávila, Castilla, el 6-X-1214. Está enterrado, con su esposa (que murió el 25-X-1214), en el Monasterio de las Huelgas, Burgos.

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AKA: Alfonso III. Photo is of Alfonso & Leanor's Tomb (Eleanor = Leanor).

Sources: See all mentioned on his descendants.

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Alfonso VIII (11 November 1155 – 5 October 1214), called the Noble or Él de las Navas, was the King of Castile from 1158 to his death and King of Toledo[1]. He is most remembered for his part in the Reconquista and the downfall of the Almohad Caliphate. After having suffered a great defeat with his own army at Alarcos against the Almohads, he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in the Battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212, an event which marked the arrival of an irreversible tide of Christian supremacy on the Iberian peninsula.

His reign saw the domination of Castile over León and, by his alliance with Aragon, he drew those two spheres of Christian Iberia into close connection.

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Alfonso VIII, called the Noble or el de las Navas, was the King of Castile from 1158 to his death and King of Toledo. He is most remembered for his part in the Reconquista and the downfall of the Almohad Caliphate. After having suffered a great defeat with his own army at Alarcos against the Almohads, he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in the Battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212, an event that marked the arrival of an irreversible tide of Christian supremacy on the Iberian peninsula.

His reign also saw the domination of Castile over León and, by his alliance with Aragon, he drew those two spheres of Christian Iberia into close connection.

In 1195, after the treaty with the Almohads was broken, he came to the defense of Alarcos on the river Guadiana, then the principal Castilian town in the region. At the subsequent Battle of Alarcos, he was roundly defeated by the caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf al-Mansur (Arabic: ابو يوسف يعقوب المنصور‎). The reoccupation of the surrounding territory by the Almohads was quickly commenced with Calatrava falling first. For the next 17 years, the frontier between Moor and Castilian was fixed in the hill country just outside Toledo.

Finally, in 1212, through the mediation of Pope Innocent III, a crusade was called against the Almohads. Castilians under Alfonso, Aragonese and Catalans under Peter II, Navarrese under Sancho VII, and Franks under the archbishop Arnold of Narbonne all flocked to the effort. The military orders also lent their support. Calatrava first, then Alarcos, and finally Benavente were captured before a final battle was fought at Las Navas de Tolosa near Santa Elena on 16 July. The caliph Muhammad an-Nasir (الناصر لدين الله محمد بن المنصور ) was routed and Almohad power broken.

Alfonso was the founder of the first Spanish university, a studium generale at Palencia, which, however, did not survive him. His court also served as an important instrument for Spanish cultural achievement. His marriage with Eleanor (Leonora), daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, brought him under the influence of the greatest governing intellect of his time. Troubadours and sages were always present, largely due to the influence of Eleanor.

Alfonso was the subject for Lion Feuchtwanger's novel Die Jüdin von Toledo (The Jewess of Toledo), in which is narrated an affair with a Jewish subject in medieval Toledo in a time when Spain was known to be the land of tolerance and learning for Jews, Christians, and Muslims. The titular Jewish woman of the novel is based on Alfonso's historical paramour, Rahel la Fermosa.

See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_VIII_of_Castile for more information.

--------------------

Alfonso VIII (11 November 1155 – 5 October 1214), called the Noble or el de las Navas, was the King of Castile from 1158 to his death and King of Toledo[1]. He is most remembered for his part in the Reconquista and the downfall of the Almohad Caliphate. After having suffered a great defeat with his own army at Alarcos against the Almohads, he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in the Battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212, an event which marked the arrival of an irreversible tide of Christian supremacy on the Iberian peninsula.

His reign saw the domination of Castile over León and, by his alliance with Aragon, he drew those two spheres of Christian Iberia into close connection.

Contents

1 Regency and civil war

2 Reconquista

3 Cultural legacy

4 Children

5 Notes

6 References

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Alfonso VIII (11 November 1155, Soria – 5 October 1214), called the Noble or el de las Navas, was the King of Castile from 1158 to his death and King of Toledo[1]. He is most remembered for his part in the Reconquista and the downfall of the Almohad Caliphate. After having suffered a great defeat with his own army at Alarcos against the Almohads,[2] he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in the Battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212, an event which marked the arrival of an irreversible tide of Christian supremacy on the Iberian peninsula.

His reign saw the domination of Castile over León and, by his alliance with Aragon, he drew those two spheres of Christian Iberia into close connection.

Regency and civil war

Alfonso was born to Sancho III of Castile and Blanche, daughter of García Ramírez of Navarre, in Soria on 11 November 1155.[3] He was named...

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Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_VIII_of_Castile

Alfonso VIII (11 November 1155, Soria – 5 October 1214), called the Noble or el de las Navas, was the King of Castile from 1158 to his death and King of Toledo[1]. He is most remembered for his part in the Reconquista and the downfall of the Almohad Caliphate. After having suffered a great defeat with his own army at Alarcos against the Almohads,[2] he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in the Battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212, an event which marked the arrival of an irreversible tide of Christian supremacy on the Iberian peninsula.

His reign saw the domination of Castile over León and, by his alliance with Aragon, he drew those two spheres of Christian Iberia into close connection.

Regency and civil war

Alfonso was born to Sancho III of Castile and Blanche, daughter of García Ramírez of Navarre, in Soria on 11 November 1155.[3] He was named after his grandfather Alfonso VII of Castile. His early life resembled that of other medieval kings. His father died in 1158 when his mother was also dead. Though proclaimed king when only three years of age, he was regarded as merely nominal by the unruly nobles to whom a minority was convenient. Immediately, Castile was plunged into conflicts between the various noble houses vying for ascendancy in the inevitable regency. The devotion of a squire of his household, who carried him on the pommel of his saddle to the stronghold of San Esteban de Gormaz, saved him from falling into the hands of the contending factions. The noble houses of Lara and Castro both claimed the regency, as did the boy's uncle, Ferdinand II of León. In 1159 the young Alfonso was put briefly in the custody of García Garcés de Aza, who was not wealthy enough to support him. In March 1160 the Castro and Lara met at the Battle of Lobregal and the Castro were victorious, but the guardianship of Alfonso and the regency fell to Manrique Pérez de Lara.

Alfonso was put in the custody of the loyal village Ávila. At barely fifteen, he came forth to do a man's work by restoring his kingdom to order. It was only by a surprise that he recovered his capital Toledo from the hands of the Laras.

[edit] Reconquista

In 1174, he ceded Uclés to the Order of Santiago and afterwards this became the order's principal seat. From Uclés, he began a campaign which culminated in the reconquest of Cuenca in 1177. The city surrendered on 21 September, the feast of Saint Matthew, ever afterwards celebrated by the citizens of the town.

Alfonso took the initiative to ally all the major Christian kingdoms of the peninsula — Navarre, León, Portugal, and Aragon — against the Almohads. By the Treaty of Cazola of 1179, the zones of expansion of each kingdom were defined.

After founding Plasencia (Cáceres) in 1186, he embarked on a major initiative to unite the Castilian nobility around the Reconquista. In that year, he recuperated part of La Rioja from the Kingdom of Navarre.

In 1195, after the treaty with the Almohads was broken, he came to the defence of Alarcos on the river Guadiana, then the principal Castilian town in the region. At the subsequent Battle of Alarcos, he was roundly defeated by the caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf al-Mansur. The reoccupation of the surrounding territory by the Almohads was quickly commenced with Calatrava falling first. For the next seventeen years, the frontier between Moor and Castilian was fixed in the hill country just outside Toledo.

Finally, in 1212, through the mediation of Pope Innocent III, a crusade was called against the Almohads. Castilians under Alfonso, Aragonese and Catalans under Peter II, Navarrese under Sancho VII, and Franks under the archbishop Arnold of Narbonne all flocked to the effort. The military orders also lent their support. Calatrava first, then Alarcos, and finally Benavente were captured before a final battle was fought at Las Navas de Tolosa near Santa Elena on 16 July. The caliph Muhammad an-Nasir was routed and Almohad power broken.

Cultural legacy

Alfonso was the founder of the first Spanish university, a studium generale at Palencia, which, however, did not survive him. His court also served as an important instrument for Spanish cultural achievement. His marriage (Burgos, before 17 September 1177)[4] with Eleanor (Leonora), daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, brought him under the influence of the greatest governing intellect of his time. Troubadours and sages were always present, largely due to the influence of Eleanor.

Alfonso died at Gutierre-Muñoz and was succeeded by his eldest surviving son, Henry I, named after his maternal grandfather.

Alfonso was the subject for Lion Feuchtwanger's novel Die Jüdin von Toledo (The Jewess of Toledo), in which is narrated an affair with a Jewish subject in medieval Toledo in a time when Spain was known to be the land of tolerance and learning for Jews, Christians, and Muslims. The titular Jewish woman of the novel is based on Alfonso's historical paramour, Rahel la Fermosa.

[edit] Children

With Eleanor of England he had 11 children:[5]

Name Birth Death Notes

Infanta Berenguela (Berengaria) Burgos,

1 January/

June 1180 Las Huelgas near Burgos,

8 November 1246 Married firstly in Seligenstadt on 23 April 1188 with Duke Conrad II of Swabia, but the union (only by contract and never solemnized) was later annulled. Married in Valladolid between 1/16 December 1197 with King Alfonso IX of León as her second wife.[6] After their marriage was dissolved on grounds of consanguinity in 1204, she returned to her homeland and became regent of her minor brother King Henry I. Queen of Castile in her own right after the death of Henry I in 1214, immediately abdicated in favor of her son.

Infante Sancho Burgos,

5 April 1181 26 July 1181 Heir of the throne since his birth, died aged three months.

Infanta Sancha 20/28 March 1182 3 February 1184/

16 October 1185 Died in infancy.

Infante Enrique (Henry) 1184 1184? Heir of the throne since his birth, died either shortly after been born or in infancy. His existence is disputed among sources.

Infanta Urraca 1186/

28 May 1187 Coimbra,

3 November 1220 Married in 1206 to Prince Alfonso, who succeeded his father in 1212 as King Alfonso II of Portugal.

Infanta Blanca (Blanche) Palencia,

4 March 1188 Paris,

27 November 1252 Married in the Abbaye de Port-Mort near Pont-Audemer, Normandy on 23 May 1200 with Prince Louis, who succeeded his father in 1223 as King Louis VIII of France. Regent of the Kingdom of France during her son's minority (1226–1234) and during his absence on the Seventh Crusade.

Infante Fernando (Ferdinand) Cuenca,

29 September 1189 Madrid,

14 October 1211 Heir of the throne since his birth. On whose behalf Diego of Acebo and the future Saint Dominic travelled to Denmark in 1203 to secure a bride.[7] He died soon after returning from campaigning against the Moors.

Infanta Mafalda Plasencia,

1191 Salamanca,

1211 Betrothed in 1204 to Infante Ferdinand of Leon, eldest son of King Alfonso IX and stepson of her oldest sister.

Infanta Constanza (Constance) 1195 Las Huelgas,

1243 A nun at the Cistercian monastery of Santa María la Real at Las Huelgas in 1217, she later became Abbess of her community.

Infanta Leonor (Eleanor) 1202 Las Huelgas,

1244 Married in Ágreda on 6 February 1221 with King James I of Aragon. After her marriage was dissolved on grounds of consanguinity in April 1229, she became a nun at the Cistercian monastery of Santa María la Real at Las Huelgas.

King Enrique I (Henry I) of Castile Valladolid,

14 April 1204 Palencia,

6 June 1217 Only surviving son, he succeeded his father in 1214 aged ten under the regency firstly of his mother and later his oldest sister Berengaria. Married in Burgos before 29 August 1215 with Infanta Mafalda of Portugal, the union was unconsummated and dissolved in 1216 on grounds of consanguinity. Soon after his divorce was betrothed with Infanta Sancha of León, eldest daughter of King Alfonso IX and stepdaughter of her oldest sister, but died killed by a tile coming off a roof before the marriage could be solemnized.

[edit] Notes

1.^ Titles of the European kings[dead link]

2.^ Medieval Iberia: an encyclopedia, 61.

3.^ Medieval Iberia: an encyclopedia, 61.

4.^ Foundation for Medieval Genealogy on Alfonso VIII of Castile, marriage and issues

5.^ Medieval Iberia: an encyclopedia, 63.

6.^ New international encyclopedia, Vol.13, (Dodd, Mead and Company, 1915), 782.

7.^ Vicaire, pp. 89–98.

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BIOGRAPHY: Alfonso VIII was also known as El De Las Navas (He of Las Navas). He was the king of Castile from 1158 and the son of Sancho III, whom he succeeded when he was three years old. Before Alfonso came of age, his reign was troubled by internal strife and the intervention of the kingdom of Navarre in Castilian affairs. Throughout his reign he maintained a close alliance with the kingdom of Aragon, and in 1179 he concluded the Pact of Cazorla, which settled the future line of demarcation between Castile and Aragon when the reconquest of Moorish Spain was completed. From 1172 to 1212 he was engaged in resistance to the Moorish Almohad invaders, who defeated him in 1195. In the same year the kings of Leon and Navarre invaded Castile, but Alfonso defeated them with the aid of King Peter II of Aragon. In 1212 Alfonso secured a great victory at Las Navas de Tolosa over the Almohad sultan and thereby broke Almohad power in Spain. Alfonso VIII. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved June 27, 2003, from Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service.

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Alfonso VIII, apodado el de las Navas o el Noble (Soria, 11 de noviembre de 1155 - Gutierre-Muñoz (Ávila), 5 de octubre de 1214). Rey de Castilla (1158 – 1214), hijo de Sancho III y Blanca de Navarra.

Accedió al trono en 1158 (es Alfonso VI el que a la muerte de Fernando I, subdivide el Gran Reino en Tres, el de Galicia, Castilla, siempre dependientes del Reino de León, de hecho no habría trono de Castilla hasta el año 1217-1230 que se sitúa la creación real de la Corona de Castilla y su posterior unión al Reino de León, formando el Reino de León y de Castilla, de hecho siempre se hacen coronar en León) a la muerte de su padre, cuando contaba tan sólo tres años. Se convierte así en motivo de conflicto entre los partidos nobiliarios que se disputaban el poder, los Lara y los Castro que pretendían su tutela y la regencia, lo mismo que reivindicaba su tío, el rey de León, Fernando II, lo cual casi provocó una guerra civil.

Un hidalgo sacó al pequeño del palacio real, poniéndolo bajo la custodia de las villas leales del norte de Castilla, San Esteban de Gormaz (Provincia de Soria) y Ávila. Ya adolescente, tuvo que luchar por la conquista de su reino. Les arrebató por sorpresa la capital, Toledo.

En 1174 cedió la Orden de Santiago a la villa de Uclés (Provincia de Cuenca), siendo desde entonces la casa principal de la orden. Desde esta plaza inicia una campaña que culmina con la reconquista de Cuenca en 1177. La ciudad se rinde el 21 de septiembre, festividad de San Mateo, celebrada desde entonces por los conquenses.

Tras fundar Plasencia en 1186, y con intención de unificar a la nobleza castellana, relanza la Reconquista, recupera parte de La Rioja que estaba en manos navarras y la reintegra a su reino. Establece una alianza con todos los reinos peninsulares cristianos -a la sazón, Portugal, León, Castilla, Navarra y Aragón- para proseguir ordenadamente conquistando las tierras ocupadas por los almohades. Así, en 1179 se firma el Tratado de Cazorla que delimitará las zonas de expansión de cada reino.

En 1195, tras la ruptura de la tregua con el Imperio almohade, acude a la defensa de Alarcos (Provincia de Ciudad Real), junto al río Guadiana, que en ese momento estaba concibiendo como el principal enclave real de la región. Allí se produce la batalla de Alarcos, donde el monarca castellano fue fuertemente derrotado por el califa almohade Abu Yaqub Yusuf al-Mansur. Tras la inmediata reocupación de toda la región por parte de los almohades, comenzando por la vecina ciudad de Calatrava (Calatrava la Vieja), la frontera entre Castilla y el Imperio almohade se traladó durante diecisiete años a los Montes de Toledo.

En 1212, con la mediación del papa Inocencio III, fue convocada una Cruzada con el fin de derrotar definitivamente el poder almohade. A ella acudieron, además de sus súbditos castellanos, aragoneses -al mando de su rey, Pedro II el Católico-, navarros -dirigidos por Sancho VII el Fuerte-, y ultramontanos -el arzobispo Arnaldo de Narbona, entre otros; y las respectivas órdenes militares. Con todos ellos y tras la recuperación de los enclaves del valle del Guadiana (Calatrava, Alarcos, Benavente, etc.- alcanzó la esperada victoria sobre el califa almohade Miramamolín en la batalla de las Navas de Tolosa, producida el 16 de julio en las inmediaciones de Santa Elena (Provincia de Jaén).

Alfonso VIII fue el fundador de la primera universidad española, el studium generale de Palencia, que decayó tras su fallecimiento. Además, su corte sería un importante instrumento cultural, con el acogimiento de trovadores y sabios, especialmente por la influencia de su esposa gascona doña Leonor (hermana de Ricardo Corazón de León). El rey se casó en septiembre de 1170 en Burgos con Leonor de Plantagenet, hija de Enrique II de Inglaterra y de Leonor de Aquitania. La influencia política y cultural de la reina fue notable, y se profesaron sincero amor.

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http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cousin/html/p385.htm#i5004

Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla also went by the name of Alfonso VIII "the Noble". He was born on 11 November 1155 at Soria, Castile - León, Spain.4,5 He was the son of Sancho III Alfonsez "el Deseado", rey de Castilla and Princess Blanche Garcés de Navarre.3 King of Castile at Spain between 1158 and 1214.6,7 Styled Rex Toleti et Castelle.8 A contract for the marriage of Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla and reina de Castilla Eleanor d' Anjou was signed in 1169 at Burgos, Castile - León, Spain. Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla married reina de Castilla Eleanor d' Anjou, daughter of Henri II "Courtmanteau", roi d' Angleterre and Aliénor d' Aquitaine, reine d' Angleterre, on 22 September 1177 at Burgos, Spain.4,9,3 Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla and Alfonso II "el Casto" , rey de Aragón y Cataluña were made a pact in 1179. This pact of Cazorla fixed the future zones of reconquest for the two countries. Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla and reina de Castilla Eleanor d' Anjou were founded the Monasterio de las Huelgas, a Cistercian monastery, in 1187 at Burgos, Castile - León, Spain. Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla abandoned at the last minute by the fellow Christian Kingdoms of Navarre and Leon (ruled by a cousin) which led to a great Muslim victory in 1195 at the Battle of Alarcos.10 He was defeated by Abû Yûsuf Ya'qûb of the Almohads, a new Berber dynasty which invaded the muslim power vacuum in al-Andalus, in Alarcos, on the Córdoba-Toledo road in July 1195 at the Battle of Alarcos.11 Alfonso VIII of Castile, with the assistance of Sancho VII of Navarre, and Pedro II of Aragon, joined by troops from Portugal and Leon (but not the King, Alfonso the Barbarian, who again betrayed Castile), led a victory against the Moors which was the culmination of the Reconquest of Spain by the Christians. On 16 July 1212 at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa. He was a witness where Alfonso IX "el Barboro", rey de León repeated his betrayal against his cousin's kingdom of Castile, but this time Castile was saved by others, on 16 July 1212 at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa.10 Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla was able, with the assistance of fellow Christian Kingdoms, to finally defeat the Almohads decisively at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, near Bailén in northern Andalusia, the same spot where Scipio had defeated the Carthaginians more than a millennium before, on 16 July 1212.11 He died on 6 October 1214 at Gutierra Munoz, Avila, Castile, Spain, at age 58 years, 10 months and 25 days.4,3,5 He was the predecessor of rey de Castilla Henrique I Alfonsez; King of Castile.6,7 Alfonso VIII Sánchez "el de Las Navas", rey de Castilla was buried in the Monasterio de las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile - León, Spain.

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Nació el 11-XI-1155, en Soria. Fue rey de Castilla de 1158 a 1214. Casó, el 22-IX-1177, en Burgos, Castilla, con Leonor de Plantagenet (1162-1214), princesa de Inglaterra (ver Casa de Anjou-Plantagenet y Reyes de Inglaterra de la Casa de Wessex). Tuvieron diez hijos: Sancho, Fernando, Enrique I —rey de Castilla de 1214 a 1217—, Berenguela (que sigue), Sancha, Urraca (casada con Alfonso II de Portugal), Blanca (casada con Luis VIII de Francia), Mafalda, Leonor (casada con Jaime I de Aragón) y Constanza (abadesa de las Huelgas). Alfonso VIII murió en Gutierre de Muñóz, Ávila, Castilla, el 6-X-1214. Está enterrado, con su esposa (que murió el 25-X-1214), en el Monasterio de las Huelgas, Burgos.

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AKA: Alfonso III. Photo is of Alfonso & Leanor's Tomb (Eleanor = Leanor).

Sources: See all mentioned on his descendants.

--------------------

Alfonso VIII (11 November 1155 – 5 October 1214), called the Noble or Él de las Navas, was the King of Castile from 1158 to his death and King of Toledo[1]. He is most remembered for his part in the Reconquista and the downfall of the Almohad Caliphate. After having suffered a great defeat with his own army at Alarcos against the Almohads, he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in the Battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212, an event which marked the arrival of an irreversible tide of Christian supremacy on the Iberian peninsula.

His reign saw the domination of Castile over León and, by his alliance with Aragon, he drew those two spheres of Christian Iberia into close connection.

--------------------

Alfonso VIII, called the Noble or el de las Navas, was the King of Castile from 1158 to his death and King of Toledo. He is most remembered for his part in the Reconquista and the downfall of the Almohad Caliphate. After having suffered a great defeat with his own army at Alarcos against the Almohads, he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in the Battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212, an event that marked the arrival of an irreversible tide of Christian supremacy on the Iberian peninsula.

His reign also saw the domination of Castile over León and, by his alliance with Aragon, he drew those two spheres of Christian Iberia into close connection.

In 1195, after the treaty with the Almohads was broken, he came to the defense of Alarcos on the river Guadiana, then the principal Castilian town in the region. At the subsequent Battle of Alarcos, he was roundly defeated by the caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf al-Mansur (Arabic: ابو يوسف يعقوب المنصور‎). The reoccupation of the surrounding territory by the Almohads was quickly commenced with Calatrava falling first. For the next 17 years, the frontier between Moor and Castilian was fixed in the hill country just outside Toledo.

Finally, in 1212, through the mediation of Pope Innocent III, a crusade was called against the Almohads. Castilians under Alfonso, Aragonese and Catalans under Peter II, Navarrese under Sancho VII, and Franks under the archbishop Arnold of Narbonne all flocked to the effort. The military orders also lent their support. Calatrava first, then Alarcos, and finally Benavente were captured before a final battle was fought at Las Navas de Tolosa near Santa Elena on 16 July. The caliph Muhammad an-Nasir (الناصر لدين الله محمد بن المنصور ) was routed and Almohad power broken.

Alfonso was the founder of the first Spanish university, a studium generale at Palencia, which, however, did not survive him. His court also served as an important instrument for Spanish cultural achievement. His marriage with Eleanor (Leonora), daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, brought him under the influence of the greatest governing intellect of his time. Troubadours and sages were always present, largely due to the influence of Eleanor.

Alfonso was the subject for Lion Feuchtwanger's novel Die Jüdin von Toledo (The Jewess of Toledo), in which is narrated an affair with a Jewish subject in medieval Toledo in a time when Spain was known to be the land of tolerance and learning for Jews, Christians, and Muslims. The titular Jewish woman of the novel is based on Alfonso's historical paramour, Rahel la Fermosa.

See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_VIII_of_Castile for more information.

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Alfonso VIII (11 November 1155 – 5 October 1214), called the Noble or el de las Navas, was the King of Castile from 1158 to his death and King of Toledo[1]. He is most remembered for his part in the Reconquista and the downfall of the Almohad Caliphate. After having suffered a great defeat with his own army at Alarcos against the Almohads, he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in the Battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212, an event which marked the arrival of an irreversible tide of Christian supremacy on the Iberian peninsula.

His reign saw the domination of Castile over León and, by his alliance with Aragon, he drew those two spheres of Christian Iberia into close connection.

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Alfonso VIII (11 November 1155 – 5 October 1214), called the Noble or el de las Navas, was the King of Castile from 1158 to his death and King of Toledo.[1][2] He is most remembered for his part in the Reconquista and the downfall of the Almohad Caliphate. After having suffered a great defeat with his own army at Alarcos against the Almohads,[3] he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in the Battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212, an event which marked the arrival of a tide of Christian supremacy on the Iberian peninsula.
His reign saw the domination of Castile over León and, by his alliance with Aragon, he drew those two spheres of Christian Iberia into close connection.

Regency and civil war [edit]

Alfonso was born to Sancho III of Castile and Blanche, daughter of García Ramírez of Navarre, in Soria on 11 November 1155.[4] He was named after his grandfather Alfonso VII of Castile. His early life resembled that of other medieval kings. His father died in 1158 when his mother was also dead. Though proclaimed king when only three years of age, he was regarded as merely nominal by the unruly nobles to whom a minority was convenient. Immediately, Castile was plunged into conflicts between the various noble houses vying for ascendancy in the inevitable regency. The devotion of a squire of his household, who carried him on the pommel of his saddle to the stronghold of San Esteban de Gormaz, saved him from falling into the hands of the contending factions. The noble houses of Lara and Castro both claimed the regency, as did the boy's uncle, Ferdinand II of León. In 1159 the young Alfonso was put briefly in the custody of García Garcés de Aza, who was not wealthy enough to support him. In March 1160 the Castro and Lara met at the Battle of Lobregal and the Castro were victorious, but the guardianship of Alfonso and the regency fell to Manrique Pérez de Lara.
Alfonso was put in the custody of the loyal village Ávila. At barely fifteen, he came forth to do a man's work by restoring his kingdom to order. It was only by a surprise that he recovered his capital Toledo from the hands of the Laras.
Reconquista [edit]

In 1174, he ceded Uclés to the Order of Santiago and afterwards this became the order's principal seat. From Uclés, he began a campaign which culminated in the reconquest of Cuenca in 1177. The city surrendered on 21 September, the feast of Saint Matthew, ever afterwards celebrated by the citizens of the town.
Alfonso took the initiative to ally all the major Christian kingdoms of the peninsula — Navarre, León, Portugal, and Aragon — against the Almohads. By the Treaty of Cazola of 1179, the zones of expansion of each kingdom were defined.
After founding Plasencia (Cáceres) in 1186, he embarked on a major initiative to unite the Castilian nobility around the Reconquista. In that year, he recuperated part of La Rioja from the Kingdom of Navarre.
In 1195, after the treaty with the Almohads was broken, he came to the defence of Alarcos on the river Guadiana, then the principal Castilian town in the region. At the subsequent Battle of Alarcos, he was roundly defeated by the caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf al-Mansur. The reoccupation of the surrounding territory by the Almohads was quickly commenced with Calatrava falling first. For the next seventeen years, the frontier between Moor and Castilian was fixed in the hill country just outside Toledo.
Finally, in 1212, through the mediation of Pope Innocent III, a crusade was called against the Almohads. Castilians under Alfonso, Aragonese and Catalans under Peter II, Navarrese under Sancho VII, and Franks under the archbishop of Narbonne, Arnaud Amalric, all flocked to the effort. The military orders also lent their support. Calatrava first, then Alarcos, and finally Benavente were captured before a final battle was fought at Las Navas de Tolosa near Santa Elena on 16 July. The caliph Muhammad an-Nasir was routed and Almohad power broken.
Cultural legacy [edit]

Alfonso was the founder of the first Spanish university, a studium generale at Palencia, which, however, did not survive him. His court also served as an important instrument for Spanish cultural achievement. His marriage (Burgos, before 17 September 1177)[5] with Eleanor (Leonora), daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, brought him under the influence of the greatest governing intellect of his time. Troubadours and sages were always present, largely due to the influence of Eleanor.
Alfonso died at Gutierre-Muñoz and was succeeded by his eldest surviving son, Henry I, named after his maternal grandfather.
Alfonso was the subject for Lion Feuchtwanger's novel Die Jüdin von Toledo (The Jewess of Toledo), in which is narrated an affair with a Jewish subject in medieval Toledo in a time when Spain was known to be the land of tolerance and learning for Jews, Christians, and Muslims. The titular Jewish woman of the novel is based on Alfonso's historical paramour, Rahel la Fermosa.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_VIII_of_Castile

[Master.FTW]

[Master.FTW]

[Vinson.FTW]

[camoys.FTW]

[mpbennett-1-6629.ged]

"The Noble." King of Castile from 1158 thru 1214.
one source names Alphonso the "IV" or "IX"
This individual was found on GenCircles at: http://www.gencircles.com/users/mpbennett/1/data/6900[mpbennett-1-6901.ged]

"The Noble." King of Castile from 1158 thru 1214.
one source names Alphonso the "IV" or "IX"
This individual was found on GenCircles at: http://www.gencircles.com/users/mpbennett/1/data/6900

Rey de León (1188-1230)
Conquistador de casi toda Extremadura

Rey de Castilla (1158-1212)

NAME Alfonso VIII King Of /CASTILE/

FGRA

ES II:62 PED OF A.H.AYERS

_P_CCINFO 1-20792

Alfonso VIII (1155-1214), king of Castile (1158-1214); he succeeded to the
throne on the death of his father, Sancho III (circa 1134-58). Troubled by
interference from Navarre in his youth, he later allied Castile with
Aragón, forming a connection that was eventually to become the basis for
the unification of Spain. He also established Castilian dominance over
León. In 1170 he married Eleanor (died 1214), daughter of King Henry II of
England. From the 1170s, he resisted encroachments by the Almohads, Muslim
invaders from northern Africa. Defeated by the Muslim caliph Yakub
al-Mansur (circa 1160-99) at Alarcos in 1195, Alfonso and his allies won a
major victory over the Muslim commander al-Nasir (1158-1225) at Navas de
Tolosa in 1212.

Afonso VIII de Castela, o Nobre, ou o das Navas (Sória, 11 de Novembro de 1155 - Gutierre-Muñoz, 5 de Outubro de 1214), foi rei de Castela e de Toledo desde 1158 até à sua morte.
É lembrado principalmente pelo seu papel na Reconquista, levando à queda do califado almóada. Depois de uma pesada derrota em Alarcos, liderou uma coligação de forças cristãs na Batalha de Navas de Tolosa, evento que marcou o início da supremacia cristã na Península Ibérica.
O seu reinado também foi marcado pelo domínio de Castela sobre Leão e pela aliança com Aragão, tornando o seu reino o mais poderoso da região.

Caused the downfall of Almohad Caliphate. He led a Coalition of christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in 1212. It was the beginning of the end for the Mohammedans in Spain.
An interesting story arises within Alfonso's life. It concerns his paramour, Rahel la Fermosa. It is said that she was Jewish. Her name Rahel la Fermosa is Ladino for Rachel the Beautiful.
Historical accounts say that she was slaughtered right before the king's eyes at court by nobels.
One wonders if this Sephardim woman had any children with Alfonso. If they survived or met the same fate as their mother did.
Source: "Fermosa" Jewish encyclopedia, Funk and Wagnalls 1901-1906.

King of Castile de Leon. Called, El Baboso because he would froth at the mouth when angered

EVEN:
TYPE Acceded
PLAC Castile, Leon, Spain

Alfonso VIII (Center)
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=b7261d5d-eb75-40bd-98ef-b213da95f5ae&tid=10771688&pid=-517704631

_P_CCINFO 1-887

EAlfonso VIII
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=8e89eee2-f522-4aa4-ac64-2d7088237055&tid=822673&pid=-1385108164

Alfonso_VIII_de_Castilla
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=0130e1a4-d8ce-44e0-b33b-110b1b2408fc&tid=822673&pid=-1385108164

Sources conflict on who Alfonso married and when.
"Ancestral roots of certain American colonists who came to America before1700", Weis, 1992, seventh edition.
"The Lineage and Ancestry of HRH Prince Charles", Gerald Paget.
"Plantagenet Ancestry", Turton.
"Royal Highness, Ancestry of the Royal Child", Moncreiffe.
"Europaische Stammtafeln", Isenburg.
"De Ayala de Castile, The Augustan".
"Pedigrees from Mike Talbot of Metairie, LA".

Alfonso IX, (b. 1171, Zamora, Leon--d. Sept. 24, 1230, Villanueva deSarria, Galicia), king of Leon from 1188 to 1230, son of Ferdinand II ofLeon and first cousin of Alphonso VIII de Castile, and numbered next tohim as being a junior member of the family, is said by Ibn Khaldun tohave been called the "Baboso" or Slobberer, because he was subject tofits of rage, during which he foamed at the mouth. Though he took a partin the work of the reconquest, this king is chiefly remembered by thedifficulties into which his successive marriages led him with the pope.He was first married to his cousin, Teresa of Portugal, who bore him twodaughters and a son who died young. The marriage was declared null by thepope, to whom Alphonso paid no attention till he was presumably tired ofhis wife. It cannot have been his conscience which constrained him toleave Teresa, for his next step was to marry Berengaria de Castile, whowas his second cousin. For this act of contumacy the king and kingdomwere placed under interdict. The pope was, however, compelled to modifyhis measures by the threat that if the people could not obtain theservices of religion they would not support the clergy, and that heresywould spread. The king was left under interdict personally, but to thathe showed himself indifferent, and he had the support of his clergy.Berengaria left him after the birth of five children, and the king thenreturned to Teresa, to whose daughters he left his kingdom by will.[Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1961 ed., Vol. 1, p. 688, ALPHONSO IX of Leon]

Alfonso VIII print
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=4ac5617e-95d9-4ee5-bccd-25e58a6590bd&tid=6959821&pid=-1168762737

Alfonso VIII statue
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=07ef939b-77fe-4315-956a-348229508d3f&tid=6959821&pid=-1168762737

Alfonso VIII
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=058d8b44-4c98-4a12-8237-94a617acf4dd&tid=6959821&pid=-1168762737

Alfonso VIII
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=108967fa-4d8c-4ac2-95fe-bf5b43aa5226&tid=6959821&pid=-1168762737

Alfonso VIII
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=058d8b44-4c98-4a12-8237-94a617acf4dd&tid=6959821&pid=-1168762737

Alfonso VIII print
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=4ac5617e-95d9-4ee5-bccd-25e58a6590bd&tid=6959821&pid=-1168762737

Alfonso VIII statue
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=07ef939b-77fe-4315-956a-348229508d3f&tid=6959821&pid=-1168762737

Alfonso VIII
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=108967fa-4d8c-4ac2-95fe-bf5b43aa5226&tid=6959821&pid=-1168762737

ALFONSO DE CASTILE (1155 - 1214)
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=40f483de-3eb5-494d-9e45-7bc52167d129&tid=9784512&pid=-636641230

ALFONSO DE CASTILE (1155 - 1214)
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=4360e64a-8a67-4100-b39b-a61c262f86fe&tid=9784512&pid=-636641230

SUCCEEDED FATHER AS KING OF CASTILE 1158 AT AGE 3 UNTIL 1214

Alfonso IX de Borgoña (Zamora, 1171-Sarria, 1230), rey de León y Galicia1 entre los años 1188 y 1230. Hijo de Fernando II de León y Urraca de Portugal. Según la numeración cronológica real del Reino de León, debería haber sido conocido como Alfon
so VIII de León, pero, históricamente se le asignó el ordinal IX, como forma de "unir" las cronologías de León y de Castilla (en Castilla reinaba por aquel entonces Alfonso VIII).
Tabla de contenidos
ocultar

* 1 Acceso al Trono e Inicio del Reinado
o 1.1 Cortes de León
* 2 Conflictos territoriales
o 2.1 Castilla
o 2.2 Portugal
o 2.3 Liga de Huesca
o 2.4 Pacto con los almohades
o 2.5 La derrota de Alarcos
o 2.6 Las Navas de Tolosa
* 3 Reconquista
* 4 Gestión del Reino de León durante su reinado
o 4.1 Repoblación
o 4.2 Recursos Económicos
o 4.3 La Universidad de Salamanca
* 5 El Problema de la Sucesión
* 6 Referencias
* 7 Véase también
* 8 Bibliografía

Acceso al Trono e Inicio del Reinado editar

Alfonso IX encontró enormes dificultades para acceder a un trono, que por derecho de nacimiento le pertenecía. Por una parte, se encontraba su madastra Doña Urraca, la cual quería eliminarle, pues pretendía que su hijo Sancho fuera el que heredar
á el Reino, a pesar de haber nacido más tarde. Doña Urraca argumentaba que Alfonso IX no tenía derecho al trono porque el matrimonio entre sus padres había sido anulado. A esto se le uníael deseo de los reinos vecinos de Portugal y Castilla de r
epartirse el Reino de León y el hecho de que la seguridad de las personas y sus bienes del Reino de León no era muy buena. No obstante, todo se resolvió a favor de Alfonso IX, debido a que Doña Urraca no consiguió apoyos para sus fines entre los
leoneses.

El inicio del reinado fue sumamente complicado, pues como ya se ha dicho antes, los portugueses y castellanos ambicionaban las tierras del Reino por el Este y por el Oeste, mientras que los almohades suponían un gran peligro por el Sur. Por si la
s amenazas extranjeras no bastaran, el nuevo monarca se encontró con que el Reino estaba en bancarrota, debido a la política que había llevado su padre durante su reinado. Con esta situación, el monarca, que apenas contaba 17 años, convocó las fa
mosas Cortes de León en 1188, en la cual fueron convocados por primera vez los representantes del pueblo para intervenir en asuntos de estado. Siendo de esta manera, las primeras Cortes Democráticas de Europa y del Mundo.

Cortes de León editar
Artículo principal: Cortes de León
Las cortes se reunieron en San Isidoro
Las cortes se reunieron en San Isidoro

Las Cortes de León fueron convocadas en la primavera del año 1188, probablemente en la primera quincena de Abril, ya que el 27 de este mismo mes, Alfonso IX confirmaba al Obispo de Oviedotodos sus privilegios. Las Cortes se reunieron en el claus
tro de San Isidoro bajo la presidencia de el Rey leonés. Estaban presentes todos los obispos del reino, incluyendo al arzobispo de Santiago de Compostela, que era la máxima autoridad religiosa del Reino, además de los nobles y los magnates del Re
ino más los representantes del pueblo de las poblaciones más importantes del Reino, que por primea vez eran convocados a un acto de estas características.

Las ciudades representadas más importantes eran León, Oviedo, Salamanca, Ciudad Rodrigo, Zamora y Astorga, incluyendo también otras de menor relevancia como Toro, Benavente, Ledesma y algunas más.

El motivo por el cual se convocó al pueblo llano fue sin duda la acuciante necesidad del rey por solventar la grave situación económica que sufría el Reino. El hecho de que los representantes del pueblo gozaran de una gran prosperidad económica y
de que la colaboración con la nobleza en este aspecto era demasiado complicada, motivó que el pueblo llano asistiera a estas Cortes. Así, Alfonso IX consiguió, sin implicar a la nobleza,generar más recursos para el Reino, recursos cada vez más
necesarios por el creciente gasto que ocasionaban las guerras con los vecinos mejorar la administración de justicia y eliminar los abusos de poder de la nobleza.

Conflictos territoriales editar
Valderas fue una de las plazas leonesas que usurpo Alfonso VIII en los inicios del reinado de Alfonso IX
Valderas fue una de las plazas leonesas que usurpo Alfonso VIII en los inicios del reinado de Alfonso IX

Castilla editar

Recién coronado Alfonso IX, se reunió con su primo Alfonso VIII, Rey de Castilla en Carrión, con la intención de iniciar unas buenas relaciones con Castilla, que permitieran una paz duradera. La reunión consistía en una ceremonia para investir a
Alfonso IX caballero, y como era costumbre en estos casos, Alfonso IX besó la mano del rey castellano, recibiendo por parte de este la espada y el cinturón propios de un caballero. Cabe destacar que en la misma ceremonia, fue armado caballero el
Príncipe Conrado de Suabia, hijo del Emperador Federico Barbarroja, de Alemania. El príncipe había venido con el objetivo de desposar la Infanta Doña Berenguela, hija de Alfonso VIII, algo que debido a la oposición de esta, no pudo hacer.

Alfonso VIII de Castilla, más tarde, rompiendo el pacto y obsesionado con ampliar su territorio a costa del de León, entró con sus tropas en territorio leonés y se apodero de varias plazas que nunca habían pertenecido a Castilla, entre ellas, Val
encia de Don Juan y Valderas. Rompía así las hostilidades con el Reino de León, invadiendo unos territorios que marcarían la política exterior de Alfonso IX.

Portugal editar

Sancho I de Portugal al Oeste, penetró en territorio leonés con el mismo objetivo que Castilla: apoderarse de las tierras del Reino de León. Así, el Reino se vio cercado entre dos frentesque amenazaban con su destrucción.

La liga de Huesca se fraguo en la ciudad del mismo nombre.
La liga de Huesca se fraguo en la ciudad del mismo nombre.

Alfonso IX, viendo la situación, se dio cuenta del grave peligro que corría su Reino. De este modo, para buscar una solución , utilizó la diplomacia y se puso de inmediato a buscar apoyosen Portugal. Primero se entrevistó con Sancho I de Portuga
l y concertó el matrimonio con la Infanta Teresa, que más tarde se llamaría Santa Teresa de Portugal, hija del Rey de Portugal. Como ambos eran nietos de Alfonso Enriquéz, primer rey de Portugal, el matrimonio entre ambos estaba prohibido. No obs
tante, el matrimonio duró tres años, en los cuales, tuvieron tres hijos: Dulce, Fernando y Sancha. Fernando, por desgracia, murió muy joven, en el año 1214.

La boda, por los motivos citados, no agradó a algunos eclesiásticos, que tomando cartas en el asunto, informaron al Papa Celestino III, que había sido consagrado Papa recientemente, el día 14 de abril de 1191, siendo este uno de los primeros caso
s con los que inauguró el pontificado. Celestino, se mostró implacable y tildó el matrimonio de incesto, pronunciando más tarde una sentencia de excomunión y entredicho, la excomunión afectaba a los reyes de León y de Portugal, mientras que el en
tredicho afectaba a ambos Reinos.

Liga de Huesca editar

En un tiempo convulso, el Rey de Portugal propuso a su homólogo aragonés un pacto para defenderse de Castilla. El Rey de Aragón, temeroso de Castilla, propuso al rey portugués que el pacto se extendiera al Reino de Navarra y al Reino de León, el
pacto entre estos cuatro reinos fue llamado la Liga de Huesca. El pacto consistía en un compromiso por el cual ninguno de los monarcas firmantes entraría en guerra sin el mutuo consentimiento. Alfonso IX, por su parte, firmó el tratado por la po
ca confianza que tenía de Alfonso VIII, Rey de Castilla, quién a pesar del convenio de Carrión seguía sin devolverle las plazas leonesas que aún retenía.

Pacto con los almohades editar

En 1191, Alfonso IX, temeroso del peligro que suponía el gran poder de los almohades, firmó una tregua de cinco años ante la imposibilidad de enfrentarse a un enemigo tan peligroso. El Papa Celestino no tardó en reaccionar ante este pacto, de est
a manera, excomulgó al Rey de León para castigarle por su pacto con los almohades. E incluso hizo más procedió a conceder las mismas gracias a aquellos que lucharán contra León que las que recibían los que participaban en los cruzados, dejando as
í relevados de obediencia al Rey a los súbditos leoneses.

De este modo, Portugal, creyendo que el final del Reino de León estaba cerca, aprovecharon la oportunidad para atacar a León, esperando, como años atrás, ampliar sus dominios a costa del Reino de León, por ello invadieron Galicia con ayuda de var
ios nobles gallegos, tomando Tuy y Pontevedra, poblaciones que pasaron de nuevo al Reino de León más tarde.
Astorga resistió los ataques de Alfonso VIII cuando este intentó conquistarla.
Astorga resistió los ataques de Alfonso VIII cuando este intentó conquistarla.

Alfonso VIII de Castilla, por su parte, con la ayuda de Portugal y Aragón, aprovechó la bula para atacar también el Reino. Penetró por el Sur, atacando Benavente, fracasando en su conquista, avanzando más tarde hacía el Norte hasta Astorga, ciuda
d que también ataca fracasando en el intento de nuevo. Después de dejar un sendero de destrucción a su paso llega a las puertas de la ciudad de León, a la cual tan siquiera es capaz de acceder, contentándose con la toma de Puente Castro, localida
d cercana a la ciudad, tras varios días de brutales ataques. Después de la toma de esta localidad, el rey castellano redujo a cenizas el barrio judío y su sinagoga, esclavizando a los moradores.

Cuando en 1195, Alfonso IX recibe ayuda de los árabes en forma de dinero y tropas, este se decide a contraatacar contra Castilla, llegando hasta Carrión, de este modo y considerando Alfonso IX que se repara la humillación sufrida por el acto de b
esar la mano del Monarca castellano y para confirmar la anulación de aquello, se hace nombrar caballero nuevamente.

El Rey de Castilla, Alfonso VIII, para evitar males mayores, hizo también un pacto con los almohades. Y aunque lo correcto hubiera sido que este nuevo pacto hubiera sido motivo de escándalo como el leonés y motivo de excomunión, no sucedió tal co
sa.

El legado pontificio, conocedor de las malas relaciones entre los Reinos de León y de Castilla, quiso mediar en el conflicto. Así, consiguió que ambos reyes se reunieran en Tordehumos, provincia de Valladolid, firmando un tratado de paz el 20 de
abril de 1194, en el cual se obligaba al rey castellano a devolver las plazas leonesas en su poder, algo que por supuesto, no hizo en su totalidad, pues devolvió unas pero no otras. En el tratado, Alfonso IX se comprometió a casarse con Doña Ber
enguela, hija mayor del Rey de Castilla. La boda se celebró con gran esplendor en la iglesia Santa María de Valladolid, a principios de diciembre del año 1197.

Alfonso VIII (Alfonso the Noble), 1155-1214, Spanish king of Castile (1158-1214), son and successor of Sancho III. Chaos prevailed during his minority, but he quickly restored order after assuming the government. He married Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England, and their daughter, Blanche of Castile, married Louis VIII of France. Alfonso took Cuenca (1177) and incorporated the provinces of Álava and Guipúzcoa into Castile (1200). Attacked simultaneously by a coalition of Navarre, Aragon, and Leon and by the Moors, he was defeated (1195) by the Moors. He later made peace with his former Christian enemies and led them to the great victory over the Almohades at Navas de Tolosa (1212). At Palencia he founded the first university in Spain (1212 or 1214). He was succeeded by his son, Henry I (1214-17), who was succeeded by Ferdinand III. [The Illustrated Columbia Encyclopedia, 1969]

Not Married

Alfonso VIII Sanchez
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=3faa25aa-1cfb-4c73-a499-72d6c56f2109&tid=10524335&pid=-608054104

General Info
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=a12ccf30-7ac0-4633-b03c-ac5ac141b25f&tid=5544467&pid=-1360667987

Tomb of Alfonso VIII and Eleanor of Castile
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=0deb0f63-be6a-4738-8126-9664f47f5455&tid=10771688&pid=-517704631

He ruled from 1188 to 1229.

1 NAME the Noble //
2 GIVN the Noble
2 SURN
2 NICK the Noble

[FAVthomas.FTW]

King of Leon 1188-1229.

Rey de León (1188-1230)
Conquistador de casi toda Extremadura

?? Line 1060: (New PAF RIN=9423)
1 NAME Alphonso IX King Of /LEON/
?? Line 1060: (New PAF RIN=9763)
1 NAME Alphonso IX King Of /LEON/
?? Line 137: (New PAF RIN=10210)
1 NAME Alphonso IX King Of /LEON/

EVEN:
TYPE Acceded
PLAC Castile, Leon, Spain

Um possivel patriarca da familia Telles

Alfonso IX (1166?-1230), king of Leon (1188-1230). In 1197 he married
Berengaria (1171-1246), daughter of his first cousin King Alfonso VIII of
Castile and granddaughter of King Henry II of England. Pope Innocent III
annulled the marriage in 1214 because of the family relationship of
Alfonso and Berengaria. Alfonso founded the University of Salamanca and
captured Caceres, Badajoz, and Merida from the Muslim Almohads.

Alfonso IX, 1171-1230, Spanish king of Leon (1188-1230), son and successor of Ferdinand II. He conquerored from the Moors several cities in Estremadura and was frequently at war with Alfonso VIII of Castile. His marriages with Teresa of Portugal and Berenguela of Castile were both annulled by the pope. He defeated (1230) the Moors at Mérida. His son by Berenguela, Ferdinand III, reunited (1230) Leon and Castile. [The Illustrated Columbia Encyclopedia, 3rd ed., 1969]

KING OF LEON; HAD 2 DAUGHTERS AND A SON WHO DIED AT AN EARLY AGE; 1198 MARRIAGE
WAS DECLARED NULL BY POPE CELESTINE III AS IT WAS WITHIN THE PROHIBITED DEGRESS
OF CONSANGUINITY (ALPHONSO CHOSE TO IGNORE THE DICTAT PRESUMABLY UNTIL HE
BECAME TIRED OF TERESA AND LEFT HER TO MARRY 2ND WIFE); 2ND MARRIAGE DECLARED
INVALID BY POPE INNOCENT III (ALTHOUGH UNDER A PERSONAL INTERDICT HE HAD THE
SUPPORT OF THE CLERGY AND TOOK NO NOTICE OF THE POPE); AFTER BERENGERIA LEFT
HIM IN 1209 AFTER BEARING HIM 5 CHILDREN HE RETURNED TO TERESA

!BIRTH
reigned 1188-1230

Alfonso the Slobberer
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=e8221276-ae69-4fd8-8277-1631432ce325&tid=3067644&pid=-1671842905

Primo y yerno del Rey Alfonso VIII "El de las Navas", hijo del Rey Fernando II de León y padre del Rey Fernando III, unificador de Castilla y León. Subió al trono en 1188. Conquistó Mérida a los musulmanes.-

Founded the university of Palencia in 1209-the first of the Spanish universities.
He endowed the royal abbey of Las Huelgas, near Burgos, in 1187, at his wife's request; the abbey was also to be their royal mausoleum. In 1195 Alfonso was defeated by the Moors at Alarcos, and Castile was invaded by the armies of neighboring Leon and Navarre, but he fought back and forced their leaders to terms. In 1212 he led Leon and Navarre to a great victory over the Moors at Las Navas de Tolosa. [Cope.FTW]

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Ancêtres (et descendants) de Alfonso Sanchez

Alfonso VII "the Emperor" of Castile and Leon
1105-1157

Berenguela de Barcelona
± 1116-1149

García VI 'el Restaurador' Ramírez
± 1105-1150

Marguerite de l'Aigle
± 1104-1141

Sancho 'el Deseado' de Castilla
1134-1158

Blanca de Navarra
± 1137-1156

Alfonso Sanchez
1155-1214

1177

Eleanor of England
1162-1214



					Blanca de Castilla ± 1188-1252

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Événements historiques

Jour du baptême 13 janvier 1934

Jour du baptême 13 janvier 1934

La température au 13 janvier 1934 était entre 2,0 et 6,8 °C et était d'une moyenne de 4,5 °C. Il y avait une précipitation de 1,5 mm pendant 1,0 heure(s). Il y avait 0.6 heures de soleil (7%). La force moyenne du vent était de 4 Bft (vent modéré) et venait principalement du sud-ouest. Source: KNMI
Du 26 mai 1933 au 31 juillet 1935 il y avait aux Pays-Bas le cabinet Colijn II avec comme premier ministre Dr. H. Colijn (ARP).
En l'an 1934: Source: Wikipedia
- La population des Pays-Bas était d'environ 8,3 millions d'habitants.
- 10 janvier » exécution de Marinus van der Lubbe, bouc émissaire pour l'incendie du Reichstag.
- 9 février » signature du Pacte balkanique.
- 17 février » |en Belgique, le roi Albert I, trouve la mort au cours d'une escalade de rochers, à Marche-les-Dames.
- 2 juillet » |naissance de l'Armée de l'air française.
- 25 juillet » assassinat du chancelier autrichien Engelbert Dollfuss par des nazis autrichiens.
- 29 décembre » le Japon dénonce le Traité de Washington de 1922.

Source: Wikipedia

1050 » Henri IV, empereur du Saint-Empire de 1084 à 1105 († 7 août 1106).
1154 » Sanche I, roi de Portugal et des Algarves de 1189 à 1212 († 26 mars 1212).
1155 » Alphonse VIII roi de Castille de 1158 à 1214 († 5 octobre 1214).
1220 » Alphonse de Poitiers, frère de Louis IX, comte de Poitiers de 1241 à 1271 et de Toulouse de 1249 à 1271 († 21 août 1271).
1433 » Charles le Téméraire, duc de Bourgogne de 1467 à 1477 († 5 janvier 1477).
1493 » Paracelse (Philippus Theophrastus Aureolus Bombastus von Hohenheim, dit), alchimiste et médecin suisse († 24 septembre 1541).

Source: Wikipedia

1328 » Clémence de Hongrie, reine de France, veuve du roi Louis X (° 1293).
1492 » Piero della Francesca, peintre italien (° entre 1412 et 1420).
1590 » Kanô Eitoku (狩野永徳), peintre japonais (° 16 février 1543).
1646 » François de Bassompierre, militaire français (° 12 avril 1579).
1682 » Jean Picard, astronome et géodésien français (° 21 juillet 1620).
1692 » Giovanni Battista Vitali, musicien et compositeur italien (° 18 février 1632).

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maximum test » Alfonso "Alfonso VIII the Nob..." Sanchez (1155-1214)

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Jour du baptême 13 janvier 1934

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