Genealogy Richard Remmé, The Hague, Netherlands » James IV Stuart King of Scots (1473-1513)

Données personnelles James IV Stuart King of Scots 

• Noms alternatifs: James Stewart IV King of (James Stewart IV, King of) Scotland, James IV Stuart Jacobus IV van Schotland
• Il est né le 17 mars 1473 dans Perth, Scotland.
• Professions:
• Roi.
• koning van Schotland.
• (Property) : Ecosse.
• (Titled) le 11 juin 1488.

  King of the Scots

• Il est décédé le 9 septembre 1513 dans Battle of Flodden Field (or Branxton (Brainston Moor)), Kirknewton, Northumberland, England, Great Brittain, il avait 40 ans.
• Il est enterré dans Church of St. Michael, Wood Steet, London, Middlesex, England.
• Un enfant de James III of Scotland et Margarethe [Oldenburg] of Denmark
• Cette information a été mise à jour pour la dernière fois le 4 décembre 2022.

Famille de James IV Stuart King of Scots

(1) Il est marié avec Margaret Drummond.

Ils se sont mariés à Not Married.

Enfant(s):

1. Margaret [illegitimate] Stewart  1497-???? 

(2) Il est marié avec Margaretha Tudor.

Ils se sont mariés le 8 août 1503 à Holyrood Abbey, Edinborough, Scotland, Great Britain, il avait 30 ans.

Enfant(s):

1. James V Stewart  1512-1542 

(3) Il est marié avec Isabel Stewart.

Ils se sont mariés à M2.

Enfant(s):

1. Janet [illegitimate] Stewart  ± 1502-> 1561 

(4) Il est marié avec Jean (Janet) Kennedy.

Ils se sont mariés à Not Married.

Enfant(s):

1. James [illegitimate] Stewart  1500-1545 

(5) Il est marié avec Marion Boyd.

Ils se sont mariés à Not Married.

Enfant(s):

1. Catharine Stuart  ± 1490-± 1554 
2. Alexander Stuart  ????-1513

Notes par James IV Stuart King of Scots

Profession : Roi d'Ecosse (1488-1513).
Tué à la bataille de Flodden.

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file:///E:/E-S009/genealogy/Grab_A_Site_downloads/euweb.dir/stuart1.html#J3

G1. JAMES IV, King of Scots (1488-1513), *17.3.1473, +k.a.Flodden Field, Northumberland 9.9.1513; 1m: Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh 8.8.1503 Margaret Tudor , Queen of England (*29.11.1489 +24.11.1541/2); 2m: Lady Isabel (Agnes) Stewart (+ca 1557)

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E: 245569 Updated: 2005-06-05 01:20:28 UTC (Sun) Contact: ken stelmaszek

Royal Lineage

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ID: I000516 Name: King James IV of Scotland Sex: M Birth: 17 MAR 1472/73 in Perth, Scotland Death: 9 SEP 1513 in Battle of Flodden, Northumberland, England Burial: Church of St. Michael, Wood Steet, London, Middlesex, England Event: Titled 11 JUN 1488 King of the Scots Note:   ; Killed in the Battle at Flodden, Northumberland, on September 9, 1513 at the age of 40, having reigned 25 years. A disfigured body was displayed by the English victors, but not acknowledged by the Scots as that of their King. The body was wrapped in lead and taken south. King James IV died when he was under sentence of excommunication by the Pope for having broken a treaty of peace with King Henry VIII. Henry vainly tried to get a dispensation from the Pope to bury the body, and it was left in its lead sheath above ground at the monastery at Sheen, Richmond, Surrey. Much later the head was said to have been taken home by probing workman on the palace maintainance staff of Queen Elizabeth, and its red hair and beard were still visible. It was later buried with other bones taken from the harnel house of 'Great Saint Michael's' - the Church of Saint Michael, Wood Street, City of London. The antiquarian Stow saw the lead-wrapped body before its decapitation.  Over an unnerving period of 134 years in Scottish history the throne was taken successively by minors. The youngest, Mary, was seven days old. The oldest, James IV, was 15 years of age but was already accustomed to intrigue, having been brought by the rebel lords to confront his father three times, ending in the fatal battle of Sauchieburn. James developed as a competent,v but rash king, imposing order with some energy on the Western Isles and Western Highlanders, but showing misjudgement in his policy towards England. He was duped by Perkin Warback, the young man who said he was a survivor of the assumed murder to the Princes in the Tower, and therefore King of England. James not only received him royally, subsidized him and married him to a kinswoman, but personally invaded England at Warbeck's side. Henry VII, preferring marriage-broking to war, tried to buy off James with the hand of his daughter Margaret. As a pageant, it was Scotland's grandest marriage, but it brought no lasting peace. James invaded England again, while Henry VIII was campaigning in France and winning the bloodless victory of the Battle of the Spurs. In a curious parallel to the almost simultaneous battles of Crecy and Neville's Cross in 1346, the Scottish leadership was virtually annihilated amid the unprecedented slaughter of the total defeat at Flodden on September 9, 1513.  Under James IV, Scotland was very progressive. Major changes were taking place in Europe, including the end of the feudal system. James wanted his realm to take its proper place in the new world. James gave to the Scottish realm the effective power which made it a new monarchy. His reign was an expression of his own personality and its achievements were largely due to his own vigor and ability. Another university ,the third, was founded at Aberdeen, the printing press came to Scotland, architecture flourished with the remodeling of palaces at Falkirk and Stirling Castle. A navy was established and James felt great pride for the Great Michael, the largest warship ever to have been built in Scotland. He was a true prince of the Renaissance in developing the military power of his country. The people were instructed to practice archery insteadof golf and football. James was a learned man with many interests, which included sports, clothes, music, hunting, the arts, and architecture. James granted the barbers and physicians the right to form a guild and the sole right to sell whiskey which was a medicine. Each year the guild was also given the corpse of a hanged criminal in order to learn more about human anatomy. James was interested in surgery and himself extracted a tooth, set a broken leg, bled a patient. He was even interested in alchemy and financed an adventurer who thought he could find out how to produce gold. ; It was reported to the King of Spain that James is exceptionally clever, and can speak Latin, French, German, Flemish, Italian and the barbarian Gaelic, the native tongue of nearly all his subjects. He knows the Bible well and is conversant with most subjects. He is a good historian and reads Latin and French history, committing much to memory. He does not cut his hair or his beard. He is devout and says all his prayers. He maintains that the oath of a king should be his royal word, as was the case in bygone times. He is active and works hard, when he is not at war he hunts in the mountains. He is courageous and I have seen him undertake most dangerous things in the last wars. On such occasions he does not take the least care of himself.  His Majesty King James IV will always be known for the Battle of Flodden. Flodden was a disastrous and unnecessary confrontation for Scotland. James IV of Scotland was married to the sister of England's King Henry VIII and a treaty of friendship existed between their countries. The auld alliance between Scotland and France had been recently renewed. There had been English attacks made upon Scottish ships at the time when Henry VIII, on behalf of the papacy, invaded France. James IV declared war immediately, with nothing to gain and ties to both England and France that their war neutralised. With the whole nation behind him, James amassed twenty thousand men with ease, both Highlanders and Lowlanders. His fleet set sail and his army crossed the border into Northumberland with the intention of drawing upon England's numbers in France. Norham Castle was among the places captured before confronting the English defenders, led by the Earl of Surrey and his son, west of the River Till, near Branxton, on 9 September. The Scots took the advantageous high ground. With slightly fewer numbers but superior equipment and artillery, the English moved around the Scots on their west and opened with cannon fire. They struck their target with great success, which the Scots could not match. James dropped strategic tactics and ordered all to attack. Initially gaining the upper hand, the Scots were again thwarted by England's superior equipment, the long halberd with its axe, hook and spike bloodier than the spear in hand-to-hand conflict. English losses were heavy but the dead Scots numbered between five and ten thousand. It is said that the slaughter struck every farm and household throughout lowland Scotland. There was an unusually high number of aristocracy who came down into combat that day and among the slain were dozens of lords and lairds, at least ten Earls, some Abbots, an archbishop and the body of the King himself.   Father: King James III of Scotland b: 10 JUL 1451 in Stirling, Scotland  Mother: Princess Margarethe of Denmark b: 23 JUN 1456 in Copenhagen, Denmark  Marriage 1 Lady Jean Kennedy of Kennedy b: 1472  Children   Earl James Stuart I of Moray b: 1495  Marriage 2 Lady Margaret of Drummond b: 1479  Children   Princess Margaret of Scotland b: 1497  Marriage 3 Lady Mary Boyd of Bonshaw   Children   Archbishop Alexander Stuart of Saint Andrews b: 1493   Princess Catherine of Scotland b: 1496  Marriage 4 Lady Isabel Stewart of Buchan   Children   Jean Janet Stuart   Marriage 5 Lady Agnes Stewart of Buchan   Children   Princess Janet of Scotland   Marriage 6 Princess Margaret of England b: 29 NOV 1489 in Westminster Palace, London, Middlesex, England ; Married: 8 AUG 1503 in Holyrood House, Edinburgh, Scotland  Note: Married at Holyrood on August 8, 1503, when he was 30 and she was 14, Margaret Tudor, eldest daughter of King Henry VII of England. She survived him, and in 1514 married Archibald Douglas, Earl of Angus, whom she divorced in 1526. But her daughter Margaret, born of this union, was the mother of Lord Darnley and grandmother of King James VI and I, making James the direct descendant of Henry VII through both his father and mother. In 1526 Margaret married Henry Stewart, Lord Methven. She died in 1541. Children   Prince James Duke of Rothesay b: 21 FEB 1506/07 in Linlithgow, Lothian, Scotland   Prince Arthur Duke of Rothesay b: 20 OCT 1509 in Holyrood Castle, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland   King James V of Scotland b: 10 APR 1512 in Linlithgow, Lothian, Scotland   Prince Alexander Earl of Ross b: 30 APR 1514 in Stirling, Scotland

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     Killed in the Battle at Flodden, Northumberland, on September 9,
1513 at the age of 40, having reigned 25 years.  A disfigured body was displayed by the English victors, but not acknowledged by the Scots as that of their King.  The body was wrapped in lead and taken south.  King James IV died when he was under sentence of excommunication by the Pope for having broken a treaty of peace with King Henry VIII.  Henry vainly tried to get a dispensation from the Pope to bury the body, and it was left in its lead sheath above ground at the monastery at Sheen, Richmond, Surrey.  Much later the head was said to have been taken home by probing workman on the palace maintainance staff of Queen Elizabeth, and its red hair and beard were still visible.  It was later buried with other bones taken from the harnel house of 'Great Saint Michael's' - the Church of Saint Michael, Wood Street, City of London.  The antiquarian Stow saw the lead-wrapped body before its decapitation.

Over an unnerving period of 134 years in Scottish history the throne was taken successively by minors.  The youngest, Mary, was seven days old. The oldest, James IV, was 15 years of age but was already accustomed to intrigue, having been brought by the rebel lords to confront his father three times, ending in the fatal battle of Sauchieburn. James developed as a competent,v but rash king, imposing order with some energy on the Western Isles and Western Highlanders, but showing misjudgement in his policy towards England.  He was duped by Perkin Warback, the young man who said he was a survivor of the assumed murder to the Princes in the Tower, and therefore King of England.  James not only received him royally, subsidized him and married him to a kinswoman, but personally invaded England at Warbeck's side.  Henry VII, preferring marriage-broking to war, tried to buy off James with the hand of his daughter Margaret.  As a pageant, it was Scotland's grandest marriage, but it brought no lasting peace.  James invaded England again, while Henry VIII was campaigning in France and winning the bloodless victory of the Battle of the Spurs.  In a curious parallel to the almost simultaneous battles of Crecy and Neville's Cross in 1346, the Scottish leadership was virtually annihilated amid the unprecedented slaughter of the total defeat at Flodden on September 9, 1513.

Under James IV, Scotland was very progressive. Major changes were taking place in Europe, including the end of the feudal system. James wanted his realm to take its proper place in the new world. James gave to the Scottish realm the effective power which made it a new monarchy.  His reign was an expression of his own personality and its achievements were largely due to his own vigor and ability. Another university ,the third, was founded at Aberdeen, the printing press came to Scotland,
architecture flourished with the remodeling of palaces at Falkirk and Stirling Castle. A
navy was established and James felt great pride for the Great Michael, the largest warship ever to have been built in Scotland. He was a true prince of the Renaissance in developing the military power of his country. The people were instructed to practice archery insteadof golf and football. James was a learned man with many interests, which included sports, clothes, music, hunting, the arts, and architecture. James granted the barbers and physicians the right to form a guild and the sole right to sell whiskey which was a medicine. Each year the guild was also given the corpse of a hanged criminal in order to learn more about human anatomy. James was interested in surgery and himself extracted a tooth, set a broken leg, bled a patient. He was even interested in alchemy and financed an adventurer who thought he could find out how to produce gold.

It was reported to the King of Spain that James is exceptionally clever, and can speak Latin, French, German, Flemish, Italian and the barbarian Gaelic, the native tongue of nearly all his subjects. He knows the Bible well and is conversant with most subjects. He is a good historian and reads Latin and French history, committing much to memory. He does not cut his hair or his beard. He is devout and says all his prayers. He maintains that the oath of a king should be his royal word, as was the case in bygone times. He is active and works hard, when he is not at war he
hunts in the mountains. He is courageous and I have seen him undertake most dangerous things in the last wars. On such occasions he does not take the least care of himself.

His Majesty King James IV will always be known for the Battle of Flodden.  Flodden was a disastrous and unnecessary confrontation for Scotland.  James IV of Scotland was married to the sister of England's King Henry VIII and a treaty of friendship existed between their countries.  The auld alliance between Scotland and France had been recently renewed.  There had been English attacks made upon Scottish ships at the time when Henry VIII, on behalf of the papacy, invaded France. James IV declared war immediately, with nothing to gain and ties to both England and France that their war neutralised. With the whole nation behind him, James amassed twenty thousand men with ease, both Highlanders and Lowlanders.  His fleet set sail and his army crossed the border into Northumberland with the intention of drawing upon England's numbers in France.  Norham Castle was among the places captured before confronting the English defenders, led by the Earl of Surrey and his son, west of the River Till, near Branxton, on 9 September.  The Scots took the advantageous high ground. With slightly fewer numbers but superior equipment and artillery, the English moved around the Scots on their west and opened with cannon fire.  They struck their target with great success, which the Scots could not match. James dropped strategic tactics and ordered all to attack. Initially gaining the upper hand, the Scots were again thwarted by England's superior equipment, the long halberd with its axe, hook and spike bloodier than the spear in hand-to-hand conflict.  English losses were heavy but the dead Scots numbered between five and ten thousand.  It is said that the slaughter struck every farm and household throughout lowland Scotland.  There was an unusually high number of aristocracy who came down into combat that day and among the slain were dozens of lords and lairds, at least ten Earls, some Abbots, an archbishop and the body of the King himself.

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