Généalogie John Muijsers » Elizabeth "(de winterkoningin)" Stuart (1596-1662)

Données personnelles Elizabeth "(de winterkoningin)" Stuart 

• Le surnom est (de winterkoningin).
• Elle est née le 19 août 1596.
• Profession: koningin van Bohemen.
• Elle est décédée le 13 février 1662, elle avait 65 ans.
• Un enfant de Jacobus I van Engeland et Anna van Denemarken


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Famille de Elizabeth "(de winterkoningin)" Stuart

Elle est mariée avec Frederick v van de Palts.

Ils se sont mariés le 14 février 1613 à Whitehall, England, elle avait 16 ans.

Enfant(s):

1. Heinrich Friedrich van de Palts  1614-1629
2. Karel i Lodewijk van de Palts  1617-1680 
3. Elisabeth van Herford  1618-1680
4. Ruprecht van de Palts  1619-1682
5. Moritz van de Palts  1620-1652
6. Louise Hollandine van de Palts  1622-1709
7. Ludwig van de Palts  1623-1624
8. Edward Palatine of Simmern  1625-1663 
9. Henriëtte Marie van de Palts  1626-1651
10. Philipp Frederick van de Palts  1627-1650
11. Charlotte van de Palts  1628-1631
12. Sophie van de Palts  1630-1714 
13. Gustav Adolph van de Palts  1632-1641

Notes par Elizabeth "(de winterkoningin)" Stuart

Elizabeth Stuart (19 August 1596 – 13 February 1662) was Electress of the Palatinate and briefly Queen of Bohemia as the wife of Frederick V of the Palatinate. Due to her husband’s reign in Bohemia lasting for just one winter, Elizabeth is often referred to as The Winter Queen.
Elizabeth was the second child and eldest daughter of James VI and I, King of Scotland, England, and Ireland, and his wife, Anne of Denmark.
With the demise of the Stuart dynasty in 1714, Elizabeth's grandson succeeded to the British throne as George I of Great Britain, initiating the Hanover line of succession. The reigning British monarch, Elizabeth II, is Elizabeth Stuart's direct descendant of the 10th and 11th generation through different paths.
Elizabeth was born at Falkland Palace, Fife, on 19 August 1596 at 2 o'clock in the morning. At the time of her birth, her father was King of Scots only. Named in honour of Queen Elizabeth I of England, the young Elizabeth was christened on 28 November 1596 in the Chapel Royal at Holyroodhouse. During her early life in Scotland, Elizabeth was brought up at Linlithgow Palace, "one of the grandest of Scotland’s royal residences",[1] where she was placed in the care of Lord Livingstone and his wife. A couple of years later the king's second daughter, Margaret, was placed in their care as well. Elizabeth "did not pay particular attention to this younger sister", as even at this young age her affections were with her brother, Henry.
When Elizabeth I, the Queen of England, died in 1603, Elizabeth Stuart's father, James, succeeded to the thrones of both England and Ireland. Along with her elder brother, Henry,[3] Elizabeth made the journey south toward England with her mother "in a triumphal progress of perpetual entertainment".[4]
Elizabeth remained at court for a few weeks, but "there is no evidence that she was present at her parents' coronation" on 25 July 1603.[5] It seems likely that by this time the royal children already had been removed to Oatlands, an old Tudor hunting lodge near Weybridge. On 19 October 1603 "an order was issued under the privy seal announcing that the King had thought fit to commit the keeping and education of the Lady Elizabeth to the Lord Harrington [sic] and his wife".[6]
Under the care of Lord Harington at Coombe Abbey, Elizabeth met Anne Dudley, with whom she was to strike up a lifelong.

Marriage to Frederick V[edit]

Portrait of Elizabeth by an unknown artist
The wedding took place on 14 February 1613 at the royal chapel at the Palace of Whitehall and was a grand occasion that saw more royalty than ever visit that court of England.[22] The marriage was an enormously popular match and was the occasion for an outpouring of public affection with the ceremony described as "a wonder of ceremonial and magnificence even for that extravagant age".[23]
It was celebrated with lavish and sophisticated festivities both in London and Heidelberg, including mass feats and lavish furnishings that cost nearly £50,000 and near enough bankrupted King James. Among many celebratory writings of the events was John Donne's "Epithalamion, Or Marriage Song on the Lady Elizabeth, and Count Palatine being married on St Valentines Day". A contemporary author viewed the whole marriage as a prestigious event that saw England "lend her rarest gem, to enrich the Rhine.

In 1660, the Stuarts were restored to the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland in the person of Elizabeth's nephew Charles II. Elizabeth, now determined to visit her native land, arrived in England on 26 May 1661. By July, she was no longer planning on returning to the Hague and made plans for the remainder of her furniture, clothing, and other property to be sent to her. She then proceeded to move to Drury House, where she established a small, but impressive and welcoming, household. On 29 January 1662 she made another move, to Leicester House, but by this time she was quite ill.[43] Elizabeth was suffering from pneumonia, and on 10 February 1662 she haemorrhaged from the lungs and died soon after midnight on 13 February 1662.
Her death caused little public stir as by then her "chief, if not only, claim to fame was as the mother of Rupert of the Rhine, the legendary Cavalier general".[44] On the evening of 17 February, when her coffin (into which her remains had been placed the previous day) left Somerset House, Rupert was the only one of her sons to follow the funeral procession to Westminster Abbey.[45] There in the chapel of Henry VII, "a survivor of an earlier age, isolated and without a country she could really call her own" was laid to rest among her ancestors and close to her beloved elder brother, Henry, Prince of Wales.[26]
Issue[edit]
Elizabeth and Frederick had 13 children:
Henry Frederick, Hereditary Prince of the Palatinate (1614–1629); drowned
Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine (1617–1680); married Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel, had issue including Elizabeth Charlotte, Princess Palatine, Duchess of Orleans; Marie Luise von Degenfeld, had issue; Elisabeth Hollander von Bernau, had issue
Elisabeth of the Palatinate (1618–1680)
Rupert, Count Palatine of the Rhine (1619–1682); had two illegitimate children
Maurice of the Palatinate (1620–1652)
Louise Hollandine of the Palatinate (18 April 1622 – 11 February 1709)
Louis (21 August 1624 – 24 December 1624)
Edward, Count Palatine of Simmern (1625–1663); married Anna Gonzaga, had issue
Henriette Marie of the Palatinate (7 July 1626 – 18 September 1651); married Sigismund Rákóczi, brother of the Prince of Transylvania, on 16 June 1651
John Philip Frederick of the Palatinate Frederick (26 September 1627 – 16 February 1650[41]); also reported to have been born on 15 September 1629
Charlotte of the Palatinate (19 December 1628 – 14 January 1631)
Sophia, Electress of Hanover (14 October 1630 – 8 June 1714); married Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover, had issue, including King George I of Great Britain. Many other royal families are Sophia's, and therefore, Elizabeth's, descendants. Sophia came close to ascending to the British throne, but died a few months before Queen Anne.
Gustavus Adolphus of the Palatinate (14 January 1632 – 1641)

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