Fox and Anderson and Taylor families in USA » King Henry Tudor VII (1457-1509)

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1. WikiTree, via https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Tudor-18...

   Biography
   
   1457 Birth and Parentage
   
   Henry Tudor was the son of Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond and his wife Margaret Beaufort. He was born posthumously in Pembroke Castle on 28 January 1457. [1]
   
   His paternal grandparents were Owen Tudor and Catherine of Valois. Maternally, he's also the great-great-grandson of John of Gaunt and Katherine Swynford.[2]
   
   1461 Childhood and Youth
   
   He was Earl of Richmond from birth and lived at Pembroke Castle under the care of his uncle Jasper, Earl of Pembroke, until 30 Sept 1461, when the castle was surrendered to Lords Herbert and Ferrers of Chartley. Loss of the earldom followed before 12 Aug 1462. With the Lancastrian defeat at Tewkesbury 4 May 1471 he and his uncle fled to Brittany. [1]
   
   1483 Unsuccessful Revolts
   
   Jasper and Henry sailed to join the uprising against King Richard III in 1483 but were unable to land. 25 Jan 1484 he was attained in his absence. [1]
   
   Claim to the Throne
   
   Henry Tudor's claim to the English throne was tenuous at best. Through his mother, Margaret Beaufort, he was descended from John of Gaunt's illicit affair with Catherine Swynford.[3] Though the issue born before their marriage had been legitimated by parliament, all claims of this line were never valid until the direct male line of John of Gaunt had become extinct.[4] Henry's paternal grandfather, Owen Tudor, had married Catherine of Valois, the widow of Henry V and daughter to Charles VI of France. Their son Edmund, being the half brother of Henry VI, was created Earl of Richmond. He married Margaret Beaufort, only daughter of John, Duke of Somerset, and died more than two months before their son, Henry Tudor, was born in 1457.[4]
   
   Despite his Lancastrian connections, Henry ultimately ganied the throne through personal battle.[3] At the Battle of Bosworth Field on August 22, 1485, Henry, Earl of Richmond, defeated King Richard III of England and became King Henry VII of England.[5] He was crowned at Westminster on October 30, 1485.
   
   Then, on January 18, 1486 at Westminster, in fulfilment of pledges by which he had gained the loyalty of many Yorkist supporters, he was married to Elizabeth of York, eldest daughter and heiress of Edward IV. Thus the Red Rose of Lancaster and the White Rose of York were united and the pretexts for civil war were done away with-- the Cousins' War had ended.[4]
   
   Henry's claim to the throne was weak and possibly illegal [6]. Nevertheless, although he had won the throne by right of conquest, Henry dated his reign from the day before Bosworth..[7] In an act of attainder, Parliament, declared that Richard of Gloucester had been a traitor who had usurped the throne and 'by great and continued deliberation, traitorously levied war against our said sovereign lord and his true subjects' . [8]
   
   1485 Battle of Bosworth
   
   On 1 Aug 1485 Henry sailed from Harfleur, landing at Milford Haven. His forces defeated Richard III at the battle of Bosworth Field 22 Aug 1485 and he seized the crown as Henry VII, King of England. He was crowned 30 Oct 1485 at Westminster Abbey.[1]
   
   1485 Marriage to Elizabeth of York
   
   On 18 Jan 1486 in Westminster Abbey he married Elizabeth of York, daughter of Edward IV, King of England and his wife Elizabeth Wydeville. She was born 11 Feb 1466 at Westminster Palace and died in childbirth 11 Feb 1503. She was buried in Westminster Abbey. [1]
   
   Death
   
   He died in Richmond Palace, Surrey 21 April 1509 and was buried in Westminster Abbey. [1]
   
   Burial of King Henry VII
   
   He was buried on 11 May 1509 at Westminster Abbey.
   
   (Royal Tombs of Medieval England) Henry VII planned his tomb well in advance of his death. Henry had a dynastic point to make and was forced to give his monument early consideration because the most senior burial positions in the Confessor's Chapel at Westminster were occupied. In 1496 Henry had began the rebuilding of the chapel of St. Edward at Windsor for his tomb, but by 1504 had transferred his plans from Windsor to Westminster, when he founded a chantry there for himself, his wife, Elizabeth of York, his parents and ancestors. In 1506 Margaret Beaufort founded a Westminster chantry of her own. Henry VII's will of 1509 boasts his grandmother's twin royal status of being the wife of an English king (Henry V) and daughter of a French one (Charles VI) and cites her burial at Westminster as one reason why he wished to be buried there himself. Work on his chapel continued until Henry's death in 1509, with his will providing considerable funds for its completion. In 1507 Henry appears to have commissioned a new tomb featuring gilt effigies of himself and Elizabeth of York with a tomb-chest executed in black and white marble.
   
   Henry died at Richmond on 21 April 1509. His new chapel, unfinished, was consecrated the day before in preparation of burial. The king's coffin was taken to St. Paul's in London bearing a funeral effigy dressed in parliamentary robes with crown, scepter and orb. The coffin lay beneath a canopy of cloth of gold with its carriage drawn by seven horses wearing funerary trappings accompanied by 330 torchbearers and with knights carrying royal and religious banners. The coffin was installed before St. Paul's high altar for the singing of Mass and then the coffin was returned to its carriage for the journey to Westminster. At Charing the carriage was met by abbots of the various cathedrals and Westminster monks. Accompanied by a further 100 torchbearers the carriage continued to the west door of the abbey church, with the coffin being installed either before the high altar or in Henry's new chapel, that part not being recorded. Mass was sung and the coffin was interred. The foundations of Henry's new chapel incorporated a large vault at the east end, and it was here that Henry and his wife Elizabeth of York were buried. Henry's tomb was not commissioned until 1512 and not completed until around 1518. The tomb has gilt-bronze effigies and with a black and white marble tomb-chest. The effigies show the couple with hands clasped in prayer, the only sign of royal status being two gilt crowns, since lost. Both are clearly portraits with Henry's effigy probably modeled on a death mask. In 1867 the vault beneath the tomb was opened and found to contain three lead coffins. The coffins of Henry VII and James I (d.1625) were identified by inscriptions and a third coffin bearing a large cross but without inscription almost certainly being that of Elizabeth of York. [9]
   
   Issue
   
   King Henry VII & his wife had eight children:
   1.Arthur was born in St Swithun’s Priory, Winchester 20 Sep 1486 and died in Ludlow Castle, Shropshire 2 Apr 1502; buried Worcester Cathedral). He was Duke of Cornwall from birth. He was created Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester 29 Nov 1489 but predeceased his father in 1502. He married, first by proxy and then in person at St. Paul's Cathedral, London 14 Nov 1501 as her first husband, Infanta doña CATALINA de Aragón, daughter of FERNANDO V King of Aragon & his wife Isabel I Queen of Castile. Catalina was born in Alcala de Henares 16 Dec 1485 and died in Kimbolton Castle, Huntingdonshire 7 Jan 1536; she was buried in Peterborough Cathedral. She married secondly her first husband’s younger brother, King Henry VIII. [1]
   2.Margaret was born in the Palace of Westminster 28 Nov 1489 and died in Methven Castle, Perthshire 18 Oct 1541; buried in Carthusian Monastery of St John, Perth. She became the Queen Regent of Scotland. She died of palsy. She married first by proxy and then in person at Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh 8 Aug 1503, James IV, King of Scotland, son of James III, King of Scotland and his wife Margarethe of Denmark. James was born 17 Mar 1473 and killed in battle at Flodden Field, Nortuhumberland 9 Sep 1513; he was buried in Sheen Abbey, Surrey. Margaret married secondly in Kinnoul Church 6 Aug 1514 as his second wife, Archibald Douglas, Earl of Angus, son of George Douglas, Master of Angus and his wife Lady Elizabeth Drummond. They divorced 11 Mar 1527. Archibald Douglas was born 1490 and died in Tantallon Castle Jan 1557, was buried at Abernethy. Margaret married thirdly (before 2 Apr 1528) as his second wife, Henry Stewart, son of Andrew Stewart, Lord Avondale and his wife Lady Margaret Kennedy. Stewart was born 1495/1500 and died soon after 10 Oct 1551. He was created Lord Methven 17 Jul 1528. Margaret & her first husband had six children.[1]
   3. Henry, born Greenwich Palace, Kent 28 Jun 1491, died Whitehall Palace, London 28 Jan 1547; buried St George's Chapel, Windsor. He succeeded his father 22 Apr 1509 as Henry VIII, King of England. [1]
   4.Elizabeth, born 2 Jul 1492 at Eltham Palace, Kent, died 7 Oct or 14 Nov 1495, buried in Westminster Abbey. [1]
   5.Mary, born either at Richmond Palace, Surrey or at Palace of Westminster 18 Mar 1496, died at Westhorpe Hall, Suffolk [24/26] Jun 1533; buried 22 Jul at the Abbey Church, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk. Her body was transferred to St Mary’s Church, Bury St Edmunds. She was crowned Queen of France 5 Nov 1514 at St Denis Cathedral, Paris. She married first by contract, then by proxy more than once, finally in person at Abbeville Cathedral, Somme 9 Oct 1514, as his third wife, Louis XII, King of France, son of Charles, Duc d'Orleans & his third wife Maria von Kleve. Louis was born in the Château de Blois 27 Jun 1462 and died at the Hôtel royal des Tournelles, Paris 1 Jan 1515; buried at the église de l'abbaye royale de Saint-Denis). Mary married secondly -- secretly in the Chapel in the Palais de Cluny, Paris [4/20] Feb 1515 and 31 Mar 1515, and publicly Greyfriars Church, Greenwich Palace 13 May 1515, as his third wife, Charles Brandon Duke of Suffolk, son of William Brandon & his wife Elizabeth Bruyn. Charles Brandon was born 1484 and died at The Palace, Guildford, Surrey 22 Aug 1545; he was bur St George’s Chapel, Windsor. Mary & her second husband had three children.[1]
   6. Edmund, born Greenwich Palace, Kent 21 Feb 1499 and died Old Palace, Bishop’s Hatfield, Hertfordshire 19 Jun 1500; bur 22 Jun Westminster Abbey. [1]
   7.Edward, died young, buried Westminster Abbey. [1]
   8.Katherine, born in the Tower of London 2 Feb 1503, died in the Tower of London the same month, 18 Feb] 1503, bur Westminster Abbey.[1]
   
   Possible additional child
   1.Roland de Velville, a possible illegitimate son by a Breton lady, born between 1471 and 1485 while Henry Tudor was in exile in Brittany, and died in 1535. Constable of Beaumaris Castle, Anglesey 1509-1535.] He married Agnes Griffith, daughter of Gwilym Fychan of Penrhyn [Chamberlain of North Wales] & his second wife Gwenllian daughter of Iowerth ap David. Agnes died in 1542.[1]
   
   Sources
   1.↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 Charles Cawley. Medieval Lands Database. England, Kings 1066-1603. Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLAND,%20Kings%201066-1603.htm. Accessed June 28, 2016
   2.↑ See genealogical table for the House of York and Wikipedia: Henry VII of England.
   3.↑ 3.0 3.1 http://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon40.html
   4.↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 http://www.luminarium.org/encyclopedia/henry7.htm
   5.↑ http://www.luminarium.org/encyclopedia/bosworth.htm
   6.↑ The Beaufort Legitimation http://www.r3.org/on-line-library-text-essays/back-to-basics-for-newcomers/the-beaufort-legitimation/
   7.↑ http://faculty.history.wisc.edu/sommerville/123/123%20201%20henry%20vii.htm
   8.↑ Parliamentary Record DATE: November, 1485. AUTHOR: King and council. TEXT: “Rotuli Parliamentarium,” ed. J. Strachey, 6 vols.(London, 1767-83), VI, p. 176. (English; spelling modernized.) reproduced at http://www.r3.org/richard-iii/the-battle-of-bosworth/bosworth-contemporary-tudor-accounts/
   9.↑ (note: more information about other parts of his bio and reign at Luminarium and Britannia)
   • Wikipedia: Henry VII of England
   • findagrave.com
   • The Peerage
   • Tudor History
   • [S6] G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, ed, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 vol in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 vol, Gloucester: Alan Sutton, 2000), vol II, p 45
   • [S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 149. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Family. 4. [S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 151.
   •Royal Ancestry D. Richardson 2013 Vol. V pp. 206-211
   •Royal Tombs of Medieval England M. Duffy 2003 pp. 277-289
   •Helpful family tree: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England#Ancestry
   

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Historische gebeurtenissen

• Geboortedag 28 januari 1457
• Trouwdag 18 januari 1486
• Dag van overlijden 21 april 1509

Dezelfde geboorte/sterftedag

• Ook geboren op 28 januari
• Ook overleden op 21 april

Over de familienaam Tudor

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