The temperature on August 14, 1913 was between 10.6 °C and 18.3 °C and averaged 14.9 °C. There was 0.3 mm of rain. There was 2.1 hours of sunshine (14%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 12, 1908 to August 29, 1913 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. Th. Heemskerk (AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
March 18 » King George I of Greece is assassinated in the recently liberated city of Thessaloniki.
May 30 » The Treaty of London is signed, ending the First Balkan War; Albania becomes an independent nation.
August 10 » Second Balkan War: Delegates from Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, Montenegro, and Greece sign the Treaty of Bucharest, ending the war.
August 13 » First production in the UK of stainless steel by Harry Brearley.
October 9 » The steamship SSVolturno catches fire in the mid-Atlantic.
December 17 » A spur of the Shaker Heights streetcar line opens, the first line of the eventual Cleveland RTA Rapid Transit system.
Day of death January 13, 1944
The temperature on January 13, 1944 was between 7.1 °C and 10.8 °C and averaged 9.3 °C. There was 1.8 mm of rain during 5.9 hours. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
January 22 » World War II: The Allies commence Operation Shingle, an assault on Anzio and Nettuno, Italy.
April 29 » World War II: British agent Nancy Wake, a leading figure in the French Resistance and the Gestapo's most wanted person, parachutes back into France to be a liaison between London and the local maquis group.
June 26 » World War II: The Battle of Osuchy in Osuchy, Poland, one of the largest battles between Nazi Germany and Polish resistance forces, ends with the defeat of the latter.
July 6 » Jackie Robinson refuses to move to the back of a bus, leading to a court-martial.
August 25 » World War II: Paris is liberated by the Allies.
October 25 » Second World War: Heinrich Himmler orders a crackdown on the Edelweiss Pirates, a loosely organized youth culture in Nazi Germany that had assisted army deserters and others to hide from the Third Reich.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Tom, "Stammbaum Grütter", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stammbaum-grutter/P758.php : accessed October 17, 2026), "Roman Wilhelm Hoppen (1913-1944)".
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