The temperature on May 12, 1838 was about 7.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southeast. Weather type: helder. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 6 » Alfred Vail and colleagues demonstrate a telegraph system using dots and dashes (this is the forerunner of Morse code).
June 10 » Myall Creek massacre: Twenty-eight Aboriginal Australians are murdered.
September 1 » Saint Andrew's Scots School, the oldest school of British origin in South America, is established.
September 3 » Future abolitionist Frederick Douglass escapes from slavery.
November 3 » The Times of India, the world's largest circulated English language daily broadsheet newspaper is founded as The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce.
December 16 » Great Trek: Battle of Blood River: Voortrekkers led by Andries Pretorius and Sarel Cilliers defeat Zulu impis, led by Dambuza (Nzobo) and Ndlela kaSompisi in what is today KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Day of marriage August 13, 1870
The temperature on August 13, 1870 was about 20.6 °C. The air pressure was 6 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 70%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 3 » Construction work begins on the Brooklyn Bridge in New York, United States.
January 23 » In Montana, U.S. cavalrymen kill 173 Native Americans, mostly women and children, in what becomes known as the Marias Massacre.
February 3 » The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing voting rights to male citizens regardless of race.
April 13 » The New York City Metropolitan Museum of Art is founded.
May 12 » The Manitoba Act is given the Royal Assent, paving the way for Manitoba to become a province of Canada on July 15.
September 19 » Franco-Prussian War: The siege of Paris begins. The city will hold out for over four months before surrendering.
Day of death May 21, 1930
The temperature on May 21, 1930 was between 3.6 °C and 14.9 °C and averaged 10.1 °C. There was 0.8 hours of sunshine (5%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the north. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 10, 1929 to May 26, 1933 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck III, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
January 6 » The first diesel-powered automobile trip is completed, from Indianapolis, Indiana, to New York, New York.
January 30 » The Politburo of the Soviet Union orders the extermination of the Kulaks.
March 12 » Mahatma Gandhi begins the Salt March, a 200-mile march to the sea to protest the British monopoly on salt in India.
April 22 » The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limiting shipbuilding.
May 27 » The 1,046 feet (319m) Chrysler Building in New York City, the tallest man-made structure at the time, opens to the public.
December 2 » Great Depression: In a State of the Union message, U.S. President Herbert Hoover proposes a $150 million (equivalent to $2,296,000,000 in 2019) public works program to help generate jobs and stimulate the economy.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hans Weening, "Family tree Weening", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-weening/I53523.php : accessed October 15, 2026), "Johannes Willems Bottema (1838-1930)".
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