The temperature on May 12, 1838 was about 7.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southeast. Weather type: helder. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 6 » Alfred Vail and colleagues demonstrate a telegraph system using dots and dashes (this is the forerunner of Morse code).
June 10 » Myall Creek massacre: Twenty-eight Aboriginal Australians are murdered.
August 18 » The Wilkes Expedition, which would explore the Puget Sound and Antarctica, weighs anchor at Hampton Roads.
October 5 » The Killough massacre in east Texas sees eighteen Texian settlers either killed or kidnapped.
October 27 » Missouri governor Lilburn Boggs issues the Extermination Order, which orders all Mormons to leave the state or be killed.
December 16 » Great Trek: Battle of Blood River: Voortrekkers led by Andries Pretorius and Sarel Cilliers defeat Zulu impis, led by Dambuza (Nzobo) and Ndlela kaSompisi in what is today KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Day of marriage August 13, 1870
The temperature on August 13, 1870 was about 20.6 °C. The air pressure was 6 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 70%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
February 23 » Reconstruction Era: Post-U.S. Civil War military control of Mississippi ends and it is readmitted to the Union.
May 12 » The Manitoba Act is given the Royal Assent, paving the way for Manitoba to become a province of Canada on July 15.
July 1 » The United States Department of Justice formally comes into existence.
September 1 » Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Sedan is fought, resulting in a decisive Prussian victory.
September 4 » Emperor Napoleon III of France is deposed and the Third Republic is declared.
December 12 » Joseph H. Rainey of South Carolina becomes the second black U.S. congressman.
Day of death May 21, 1930
The temperature on May 21, 1930 was between 3.6 °C and 14.9 °C and averaged 10.1 °C. There was 0.8 hours of sunshine (5%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the north. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 10, 1929 to May 26, 1933 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck III, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
January 30 » The Politburo of the Soviet Union orders the extermination of the Kulaks.
February 3 » Communist Party of Vietnam is founded at a "Unification Conference" held in Kowloon, British Hong Kong.
March 29 » Heinrich Brüning is appointed German Reichskanzler.
May 7 » The 7.1 Mw Salmas earthquake shakes northwestern Iran and southeastern Turkey with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). Up to three-thousand people were killed.
August 7 » The last confirmed lynching of blacks in the Northern United States occurs in Marion, Indiana; two men, Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith, are killed.
October 27 » Ratifications exchanged in London for the first London Naval Treaty go into effect immediately, further limiting the expensive naval arms race among its five signatories.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hans Weening, "Family tree Weening", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-weening/I53523.php : accessed October 12, 2026), "Johannes Willems Bottema (1838-1930)".
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