The temperature on July 31, 1851 was about 15.8 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 93%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from November 1, 1849 to April 19, 1853 the cabinet Thorbecke I, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 28 » Northwestern University becomes the first chartered university in Illinois.
May 15 » The first Australian gold rush is proclaimed, although the discovery had been made three months earlier.
June 5 » Harriet Beecher Stowe's anti-slavery serial, Uncle Tom's Cabin, or Life Among the Lowly, starts a ten-month run in the National Era abolitionist newspaper.
August 22 » The first America's Cup is won by the yacht America.
October 18 » Herman Melville's Moby-Dick is first published as The Whale by Richard Bentley of London.
October 24 » William Lassell discovers the moons Umbriel and Ariel orbiting Uranus.
Day of marriage October 13, 1892
The temperature on October 13, 1892 was about 5.1 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 98%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 21, 1891 to May 9, 1894 the cabinet Van Tienhoven, with Mr. G. van Tienhoven (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
July 4 » Western Samoa changes the International Date Line, causing Monday (July 4) to occur twice, resulting in a year with 367 days.
July 6 » Three thousand eight hundred striking steelworkers engage in a day-long battle with Pinkerton agents during the Homestead Strike, leaving ten dead and dozens wounded.
July 7 » The Katipunan is established, the discovery of which by Spanish authorities initiated the Philippine Revolution.
September 8 » The Pledge of Allegiance is first recited.
September 9 » Amalthea, third moon of Jupiter is discovered by Edward Emerson Barnard.
December 17 » First issue of Vogue is published.
Day of death November 13, 1920
The temperature on November 13, 1920 was between 0.5 °C and 6.7 °C and averaged 3.4 °C. There was 1.9 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
January 19 » The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is founded.
April 15 » Two security guards are murdered during a robbery in South Braintree, Massachusetts. Anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti would be convicted of and executed for the crime, amid much controversy.
August 10 » World War I: Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI's representatives sign the Treaty of Sèvres that divides up the Ottoman Empire between the Allies.
August 20 » The first commercial radio station, 8MK (now WWJ), begins operations in Detroit.
November 21 » Irish War of Independence: In Dublin, 31 people are killed in what became known as "Bloody Sunday".
December 11 » Irish War of Independence: In retaliation for a recent IRA ambush, British forces burn and loot numerous buildings in Cork city. Many civilians report being beaten, shot at, robbed and verbally abused by British forces.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hans Weening, "Family tree Weening", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-weening/I34156.php : accessed September 30, 2026), "Johannes Rienks Kuipers (1851-1920)".
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