The temperature on November 11, 1835 was about 0.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: half bewolkt regenachtig. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 7 » HMSBeagle, with Charles Darwin on board, drops anchor off the Chonos Archipelago.
January 24 » Slaves in Salvador da Bahia, Brazil, stage a revolt, which is instrumental in ending slavery there 50 years later.
May 6 » James Gordon Bennett, Sr. publishes the first issue of the New York Herald.
August 25 » The first Great Moon Hoax article is published in The New York Sun, announcing the discovery of life and civilization on the Moon.
September 20 » The decade-long Ragamuffin War starts when rebels capture Porto Alegre in Brazil.
November 27 » James Pratt and John Smith are hanged in London; they are the last two to be executed for sodomy in England.
Day of marriage May 2, 1863
The temperature on May 2, 1863 was about 12.2 °C. The air pressure was 1.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 53%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 8 » American Civil War: Second Battle of Springfield.
January 29 » The Bear River Massacre: A detachment of California Volunteers led by Colonel Patrick Edward Connor engage the Shoshone at Bear River, Washington Territory, killing hundreds of men, women and children.
July 4 » American Civil War: Siege of Vicksburg: Vicksburg, Mississippi surrenders to U.S. forces under Ulysses S. Grant after 47 days of siege. One hundred fifty miles up the Mississippi River, a Confederate army is repulsed at the Battle of Helena, Arkansas.
July 9 » American Civil War: The Siege of Port Hudson ends, giving the Union complete control of the Mississippi River.
October 29 » Eighteen countries meet in Geneva and agree to form the International Red Cross.
November 16 » American Civil War: Battle of Campbell's Station near Knoxville, Tennessee: Confederate troops unsuccessfully attack Union forces.
Day of death August 21, 1913
The temperature on August 21, 1913 was between 9.5 °C and 19.8 °C and averaged 14.5 °C. There was 6.7 hours of sunshine (47%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the west-northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 12, 1908 to August 29, 1913 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. Th. Heemskerk (AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 13 » The 13th Dalai Lama proclaims Tibetan independence following a period of domination by Manchu Qing dynasty and initiated a period of almost four decades of independence.
February 17 » The Armory Show opens in New York City, displaying works of artists who are to become some of the most influential painters of the early 20th century.
May 3 » Raja Harishchandra, the first full-length Indian feature film, is released, marking the beginning of the Indian film industry.
June 1 » The Greek–Serbian Treaty of Alliance is signed, paving the way for the Second Balkan War.
December 14 » Haruna, the fourth and last Kongō-class ship, launches, eventually becoming one of the Japanese workhorses during World War I and World War II.
December 21 » Arthur Wynne's "word-cross", the first crossword puzzle, is published in the New York World.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hans Weening, "Family tree Weening", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-weening/I31490.php : accessed October 5, 2026), "Antje Minderts Spoelstra (1835-1913)".
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