Family tree Weening » Aaltje Jans Helder (1793-1868)

Christening day April 1, 1793

• The temperature on April 1, 1793 was about 9.0 °C. Wind direction mainly east-southeast. Weather type: zeer betrokken. Source: KNMI
• Erfstadhouder Prins Willem V (Willem Batavus) (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1751 till 1795 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden)
• In the year 1793: Source: Wikipedia
  • January 23 » Second Partition of Poland.
  • June 2 » French Revolution: François Hanriot, leader of the Parisian National Guard, arrests 22 Girondists selected by Jean-Paul Marat, setting the stage for the Reign of Terror.
  • June 24 » The French Constitution of 1793 is formally adopted, although it is effectively suspended by the Committee of Public Safety.
  • July 23 » Kingdom of Prussia re-conquers Mainz from France.
  • October 16 » War of the First Coalition: French victory at the Battle of Wattignies forces Austria to raise the siege of Maubeuge.
  • December 25 » General "Mad Anthony" Wayne and a 300 man detachment identify the site of St. Clair's 1791 defeat by the large number of unburied human remains at modern Fort Recovery, Ohio.

Day of marriage June 6, 1818

• The temperature on June 6, 1818 was about 15.0 °C. Wind direction mainly east-northeast. Weather type: betrokken dampig. Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In the year 1818: Source: Wikipedia
  • February 5 » Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte ascends to the thrones of Sweden and Norway.
  • February 12 » Bernardo O'Higgins formally approves the Chilean Declaration of Independence near Concepción, Chile.
  • March 30 » Physicist Augustin Fresnel reads a memoir on optical rotation to the French Academy of Sciences, reporting that when polarized light is "depolarized" by a Fresnel rhomb, its properties are preserved in any subsequent passage through an optically-rotating crystal or liquid.
  • April 5 » In the Battle of Maipú, Chile's independence movement, led by Bernardo O'Higgins and José de San Martín, win a decisive victory over Spain, leaving 2,000 Spaniards and 1,000 Chilean patriots dead.
  • April 20 » The case of Ashford v Thornton ends, with Abraham Thornton allowed to go free rather than face a retrial for murder, after his demand for trial by battle is upheld.
  • July 29 » French physicist Augustin Fresnel submits his prizewinning "Memoir on the Diffraction of Light", precisely accounting for the limited extent to which light spreads into shadows, and thereby demolishing the oldest objection to the wave theory of light.

Day of death August 9, 1868

• The temperature on August 9, 1868 was about 25.3 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m² and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 39%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
• From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
• In the year 1868: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.6 million citizens.
  • March 8 » Sakai incident: Japanese samurai kill 11 French sailors in the port of Sakai, Osaka.
  • June 23 » Christopher Latham Sholes received a patent for an invention he called the "Type-Writer".
  • July 28 » The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is certified, establishing African American citizenship and guaranteeing due process of law.
  • September 25 » The Imperial Russian steam frigate Alexander Nevsky is shipwrecked off Jutland while carrying Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia.
  • November 4 » Camagüey, Cuba, revolts against Spain during the Ten Years' War.
  • December 25 » Pardons for ex-Confederates: United States President Andrew Johnson grants an unconditional pardon to all Confederate veterans.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1816 » Johann August Apel, German jurist and author (b. 1771)
• 1861 » Vincent Novello, English composer and publisher (b. 1781)
• 1886 » Samuel Ferguson, Irish lawyer and poet (b. 1810)
• 1910 » Huo Yuanjia, Chinese martial artist, co-founded the Chin Woo Athletic Association (b. 1868)
• 1919 » Ruggero Leoncavallo, Italian composer and educator (b. 1857)
• 1920 » Samuel Griffith, Welsh-Australian politician, 9th Premier of Queensland (b. 1845)