The temperature on March 10, 1830 was about 10.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: betrokken dampig regen. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
March 26 » The Book of Mormon is published in Palmyra, New York.
April 6 » Church of Christ, the original church of the Latter Day Saint movement, is organized by Joseph Smith and others at either Fayette or Manchester, New York.
July 13 » The General Assembly's Institution, now the Scottish Church College, one of the pioneering institutions that ushered the Bengali Renaissance, is founded by Alexander Duff and Raja Ram Mohan Roy, in Calcutta, India.
August 28 » The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's new Tom Thumb steam locomotive races a horse-drawn car, presaging steam's role in U.S. railroads.
September 11 » Anti-Masonic Party convention; one of the first American political party conventions.
November 29 » November Uprising: An armed rebellion against Russia's rule in Poland begins.
Day of marriage May 13, 1865
The temperature on May 13, 1865 was about 17.3 °C. The air pressure was 2.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 44%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 15 » American Civil War: Fort Fisher in North Carolina falls to the Union, thus cutting off the last major seaport of the Confederacy.
February 17 » American Civil War: Columbia, South Carolina, is burned as Confederate forces flee from advancing Union forces.
July 21 » In the market square of Springfield, Missouri, Wild Bill Hickok shoots and kills Davis Tutt in what is regarded as the first western showdown.
August 12 » Joseph Lister, British surgeon and scientist, performs 1st antiseptic surgery.
November 26 » Battle of Papudo: A Spanish navy schooner is defeated by a Chilean corvette north of Valparaíso, Chile.
December 1 » Shaw University, the first historically black university in the southern United States, is founded in Raleigh, North Carolina.
Day of death July 16, 1900
The temperature on July 16, 1900 was about 30.9 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 58%. Source: KNMI
February 27 » Fußball-Club Bayern München is founded.
June 5 » Second Boer War: British soldiers take Pretoria.
June 9 » Indian nationalist Birsa Munda dies of cholera in a British prison.
June 20 » Boxer Rebellion: The Imperial Chinese Army begins a 55-day siege of the Legation Quarter in Beijing, China.
June 21 » Boxer Rebellion. China formally declares war on the United States, Britain, Germany, France and Japan, as an edict issued from the Empress Dowager Cixi.
October 19 » Max Planck discovers Planck's law of black-body radiation.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hans Weening, "Family tree Weening", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-weening/I196164.php : accessed December 28, 2025), "Johannes Hendriks Smedema (1830-1900)".
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