The temperature on December 19, 1847 was about -1.0 °C. Wind direction mainly east-southeast. Weather type: betrokken. Source: KNMI
De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 1 » The world's first "Mercy" Hospital is founded in Pittsburgh, United States, by a group of Sisters of Mercy from Ireland; the name will go on to grace over 30 major hospitals throughout the world.
January 6 » Samuel Colt obtains his first contract for the sale of revolver pistols to the United States government.
January 16 » John C. Frémont is appointed Governor of the new California Territory.
March 9 » Mexican–American War: The first large-scale amphibious assault in U.S. history is launched in the Siege of Veracruz.
September 13 » Mexican–American War: Six teenage military cadets known as Niños Héroes die defending Chapultepec Castle in the Battle of Chapultepec. American troops under General Winfield Scott capture Mexico City in the Mexican–American War.
November 10 » The passenger ship Stephen Whitney is wrecked in thick fog off the southern coast of Ireland, killing 92 of the 110 on board. The disaster results in the construction of the Fastnet Rock lighthouse.
December 12, 1874
The temperature on December 12, 1874 was about 4.9 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-southeast. The airpressure was 73 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 92%. Source: KNMI
February 21 » The Oakland Daily Tribune publishes its first edition.
May 9 » The first horsebus makes its début in the city of Mumbai, traveling two routes.
May 16 » A flood on the Mill River in Massachusetts destroys much of four villages and kills 139 people.
June 29 » Greek politician Charilaos Trikoupis publishes a manifesto in the Athens daily Kairoi entitled "Who's to Blame?" leveling complaints against King George. Trikoupis is elected Prime Minister of Greece the next year.
October 9 » The Universal Postal Union is created by the Treaty of Bern.
November 7 » A cartoon by Thomas Nast in Harper's Weekly, is considered the first important use of an elephant as a symbol for the United States Republican Party.
May 2, 1932
The temperature on May 2, 1932 was between 9.2 °C and 13.4 °C and averaged 11.3 °C. There was 3.0 mm of rain during 2.7 hours. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the southwest. Source: KNMI
July 8 » The Dow Jones Industrial Average reaches its lowest level of the Great Depression, closing at 41.22.
July 9 » The state of São Paulo revolts against the Brazilian Federal Government, starting the Constitutionalist Revolution.
July 31 » The NSDAP (Nazi Party) wins more than 38% of the vote in German elections.
September 24 » Gandhi and Dr. Ambedkar agree to the Poona Pact, which reserved seats in the Indian provincial legislatures for the "Depressed Classes" (Untouchables).
September 29 » Chaco War: Last day of the Battle of Boquerón between Paraguay and Bolivia.
November 24 » In Washington, D.C., the FBI Scientific Crime Detection Laboratory (better known as the FBI Crime Lab) officially opens.