The temperature on December 24, 1838 was about -3.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south east. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 17 » Weenen massacre: Hundreds of Voortrekkers along the Blaukraans River, Natal are killed by Zulus.
June 28 » Coronation of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
August 18 » The Wilkes Expedition, which would explore the Puget Sound and Antarctica, weighs anchor at Hampton Roads.
September 18 » The Anti-Corn Law League is established by Richard Cobden.
October 27 » Missouri governor Lilburn Boggs issues the Extermination Order, which orders all Mormons to leave the state or be killed.
December 16 » Great Trek: Battle of Blood River: Voortrekkers led by Andries Pretorius and Sarel Cilliers defeat Zulu impis, led by Dambuza (Nzobo) and Ndlela kaSompisi in what is today KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Day of marriage April 23, 1870
The temperature on April 23, 1870 was about 12.9 °C. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 57%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 6 » The inauguration of the Musikverein in Vienna, Austria.
February 28 » The Bulgarian Exarchate is established by decree of Sultan Abdülaziz of the Ottoman Empire.
March 16 » The first version of the overture fantasy Romeo and Juliet by Tchaikovsky receives its première performance.
June 26 » The Christian holiday of Christmas is declared a federal holiday in the United States.
August 6 » Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Spicheren is fought, resulting in a Prussian victory.
September 3 » Franco-Prussian War: The Siege of Metz begins, resulting in a decisive Prussian victory on October 23.
Day of death June 11, 1912
The temperature on June 11, 1912 was between 11.1 °C and 20.6 °C and averaged 16.3 °C. There was 10.5 hours of sunshine (63%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northeast. Source: KNMI
February 25 » Marie-Adélaïde, the eldest of six daughters of Guillaume IV, becomes the first reigning Grand Duchess of Luxembourg.
April 17 » Russian troops open fire on striking goldfield workers in northeast Siberia, killing at least 150.
August 6 » The Bull Moose Party meets at the Chicago Coliseum.
September 2 » Arthur Rose Eldred is awarded the first Eagle Scout award of the Boy Scouts of America.
October 7 » The Helsinki Stock Exchange sees its first transaction.
November 2 » Bulgaria defeats the Ottoman Empire in the Battle of Lule Burgas, the bloodiest battle of the First Balkan War, which opens her way to Constantinople.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hans Weening, "Family tree Weening", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-weening/I128289.php : accessed October 16, 2026), "Martinus Tjeerds Gaikema (1838-1912)".
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