The temperature on April 10, 1845 was about 5.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southwest. Weather type: storm(achtig) half bewolkt dampig. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
March 1 » United States President John Tyler signs a bill authorizing the United States to annex the Republic of Texas.
March 11 » Flagstaff War: Unhappy with translational differences regarding the Treaty of Waitangi, chiefs Hone Heke, Kawiti and Māori tribe members chop down the British flagpole for a fourth time and drive settlers out of Kororareka, New Zealand.
May 19 » Captain Sir John Franklin and his ill-fated Arctic expedition depart from Greenhithe, England.
July 19 » Great New York City Fire of 1845: The last great fire to affect Manhattan begins early in the morning and is subdued that afternoon. The fire kills four firefighters and 26 civilians and destroys 345 buildings.
October 10 » In Annapolis, Maryland, the Naval School (later the United States Naval Academy) opens with 50 students.
December 27 » Ether anesthetic is used for childbirth for the first time by Dr. Crawford Long in Jefferson, Georgia.
Day of marriage September 17, 1884
The temperature on September 17, 1884 was about 26.3 °C. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-southeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 54%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
February 1 » The first volume (A to Ant) of the Oxford English Dictionary is published.
February 19 » More than sixty tornadoes strike the Southern United States, one of the largest tornado outbreaks in U.S. history.
May 1 » The Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions demands the eight-hour work day in the United States.
July 3 » Dow Jones & Company publishes its first stock average.
October 6 » The Naval War College of the United States is founded in Rhode Island.
October 13 » The International Meridian Conference establishes the meridian of the Greenwich Observatory as the prime meridian.
Day of death December 25, 1927
The temperature on December 25, 1927 was between 0.8 °C and 6.9 °C and averaged 3.1 °C. There was 22.8 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east. Source: KNMI
March 15 » The first Women's Boat Race between the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge takes place on The Isis in Oxford.
May 1 » The Union Labor Life Insurance Company is founded by the American Federation of Labor.
May 27 » The Ford Motor Company ceases manufacture of the Ford Model T and begins to retool plants to make the Ford Model A.
August 27 » Five Canadian women file a petition to the Supreme Court of Canada, asking, "Does the word 'Persons' in Section 24 of the British North America Act, 1867, include female persons?"
September 18 » The Columbia Broadcasting System goes on the air.
December 2 » Following 19 years of Ford Model T production, the Ford Motor Company unveils the Ford Model A as its new automobile.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Peeters Mathieu, "FutureHistory", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-riske/I18679.php : accessed December 24, 2025), "Petrus Gummarus van Sand (1845-1927)".
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