Family tree Groothelm » Hermina Ferwerda (1781-1861)

Christening day November 23, 1781

• The temperature on November 23, 1781 was about 6.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south by west. Weather type: omtrent helder betrokken. Source: KNMI
• Erfstadhouder Prins Willem V (Willem Batavus) (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1751 till 1795 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden)
• In the year 1781: Source: Wikipedia
  • January 5 » American Revolutionary War: Richmond, Virginia, is burned by British naval forces led by Benedict Arnold.
  • January 17 » American Revolutionary War: Battle of Cowpens: Continental troops under Brigadier General Daniel Morgan defeat British forces under Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton at the battle in South Carolina.
  • June 3 » Jack Jouett begins his midnight ride to warn Thomas Jefferson and the Virginia legislature of an impending raid by Banastre Tarleton.
  • September 28 » American Revolution: American forces backed by a French fleet begin the siege of Yorktown.
  • October 17 » American Revolutionary War: British General Charles, Earl Cornwallis surrenders at the Siege of Yorktown.
  • November 29 » The crew of the British slave ship Zong murders 133 Africans by dumping them into the sea to claim insurance.

Day of marriage May 10, 1807

• The temperature on May 10, 1807 was about 7.0 °C. Wind direction mainly north. Weather type: zeer betrokken noorderlicht. Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In the year 1807: Source: Wikipedia
  • June 29 » Russo-Turkish War: Admiral Dmitry Senyavin destroys the Ottoman fleet in the Battle of Athos.
  • July 5 » In Buenos Aires the local militias repel the British soldiers within the Second English Invasion.
  • July 9 » The Treaties of Tilsit are signed by Napoleon I of France and Alexander I of Russia.
  • August 29 » British troops under Sir Arthur Wellesley defeat a Danish militia outside Copenhagen in the Battle of Køge.
  • December 17 » Napoleonic Wars: France issues the Milan Decree, which confirms the Continental System.
  • December 22 » The Embargo Act, forbidding trade with all foreign countries, is passed by the U.S. Congress, at the urging of President Thomas Jefferson.

Day of death December 25, 1861

• The temperature on December 25, 1861 was about -2.4 °C. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m² and came mainly from the east. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 94%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
• From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
• In the year 1861: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.6 million citizens.
  • January 1 » Liberal forces supporting Benito Juárez enter Mexico City.
  • January 29 » Kansas is admitted as the 34th U.S. state.
  • March 20 » An earthquake destroys Mendoza, Argentina.
  • April 12 » American Civil War: Battle of Fort Sumter. The war begins with Confederate forces firing on Fort Sumter, in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina.
  • November 7 » The first Melbourne Cup horse race is held in Melbourne, Australia.
  • November 9 » The first documented football match in Canada is played at University College, Toronto.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1824 » Barbara von Krüdener, German mystic and author (b. 1764)
• 1824 » William Lawless, Irish revolutionary, later French Army general (b. 1772)
• 1868 » Linus Yale, Jr., American engineer and businessman (b. 1821)
• 1875 » Young Tom Morris, Scottish golfer (b. 1851)
• 1880 » Fridolin Anderwert, Swiss lawyer and politician, President of the Swiss National Council (b. 1828)
• 1916 » Albert Chmielowski, Polish saint, founded the Albertine Brothers (b. 1845)