The temperature on May 14, 1877 was about 10.1 °C. There was 3 mm of rain. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 93%. Source: KNMI
From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
March 15 » First ever official cricket test match is played: Australia vs England at the MCG Stadium, in Melbourne, Australia.
April 24 » Russo-Turkish War: Russian Empire declares war on Ottoman Empire.
May 16 » The 16 May 1877 crisis occurs in France, ending with the dissolution of the National Assembly 22 June and affirming the interpretation of the Constitution of 1875 as a parliamentary rather than presidential system. The elections held in October 1877 led to the defeat of the royalists as a formal political movement in France.
July 21 » After rioting by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad workers and the deaths of nine rail workers at the hands of the Maryland militia, workers in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, stage a sympathy strike that is met with an assault by the state militia.
October 22 » The Blantyre mining disaster in Scotland kills 207 miners.
December 10 » Russo-Turkish War: The Russian Army captures Plevna after a 5-month siege. The garrison of 25,000 surviving Turks surrenders. The Russian victory is decisive for the outcome of the war and the Liberation of Bulgaria.
Day of marriage April 23, 1900
The temperature on April 23, 1900 was about 8.8 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 68%. Source: KNMI
February 14 » British forces begin the Battle of the Tugela Heights in an effort to lift the Siege of Ladysmith.
March 14 » The Gold Standard Act is ratified, placing the United States currency on the gold standard.
April 14 » The Exposition Universelle begins.
May 1 » The Scofield Mine disaster kills over 200 men in Scofield, Utah in what is to date the fifth-worst mining accident in United States history.
May 17 » The children's novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, by L. Frank Baum, is first published in the United States. The first copy is given to the author's sister.
October 19 » Max Planck discovers Planck's law of black-body radiation.
Day of death December 11, 1949
The temperature on December 11, 1949 was between -0.5 °C and 6.3 °C and averaged 3.0 °C. There was 4.0 hours of sunshine (51%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north-northwest. Source: KNMI
From August 7, 1948 till March 15, 1951 the Netherlands had a cabinet Drees - Van Schaik with the prime ministers Dr. W. Drees (PvdA) and Mr. J.R.H. van Schaik (KVP).
February 14 » The Asbestos Strike begins in Canada. The strike marks the beginning of the Quiet Revolution in Quebec.
February 24 » The Armistice Agreements are signed, to formally end the hostilities of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
May 6 » EDSAC, the first practical electronic digital stored-program computer, runs its first operation.
July 27 » Initial flight of the de Havilland Comet, the first jet-powered airliner.
November 3 » Chinese Civil War: The Battle of Dengbu Island occurs.
November 18 » The Iva Valley Shooting occurs after the coal miners of Enugu in Nigeria go on strike over withheld wages; 21 miners are shot dead and 51 are wounded by police under the supervision of the British colonial administration of Nigeria.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Nico de Kunder, "Family tree De Kunder", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-de-kunder/I6789.php : accessed December 28, 2025), "Gertrudis Backus (1877-1949)".
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