The temperature on February 1, 1857 was about -5.2 °C. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southeast. The atmospheric humidity was 95%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
March 3 » Second Opium War: France and the United Kingdom declare war on China.
March 29 » Sepoy Mangal Pandey of the 34th Regiment, Bengal Native Infantry mutinies against the East India Company's rule in India and inspires the protracted Indian Rebellion of 1857, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny.
May 6 » The East India Company disbands the 34th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry whose sepoy Mangal Pandey had earlier revolted against the British in the lead up to the War of Indian Independence.
May 11 » Indian Rebellion of 1857: Indian rebels seize Delhi from the British.
July 27 » Indian Rebellion: Sixty-eight men hold out for eight days against a force of 2,500 to 3,000 mutinying sepoys and 8,000 irregular forces.
October 5 » The city of Anaheim, California is founded.
Day of marriage November 16, 1882
The temperature on November 16, 1882 was about 1.5 °C. There was 4 mm of rain. The air pressure was 4 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east. The airpressure was 74 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 96%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
March 24 » Robert Koch announces the discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis.
March 29 » The Knights of Columbus is established.
June 30 » Charles J. Guiteau is hanged in Washington, D.C. for the assassination of U.S. President James Garfield.
September 18 » The Pacific Stock Exchange opens.
September 30 » Thomas Edison's first commercial hydroelectric power plant (later known as Appleton Edison Light Company) begins operation.
October 16 » The Nickel Plate Railroad opens for business.
Day of death November 13, 1919
The temperature on November 13, 1919 was between -5.5 °C and 0.8 °C and averaged -1.7 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the south. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
January 31 » The Battle of George Square takes place in Glasgow, Scotland, during a campaign for shorter working hours.
June 14 » John Alcock and Arthur Whitten Brown depart from St. John's, Newfoundland on the first nonstop transatlantic flight.
June 15 » John Alcock and Arthur Brown complete the first nonstop transatlantic flight when they reach Clifden, County Galway, Ireland.
August 8 » The Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919 is signed. It establishes peaceful relations between Afghanistan and the UK, and confirms the Durand line as the mutual border. In return, the UK is no longer obligated to subsidize the Afghan government.
September 10 » Austria and the Allies sign the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye recognizing the independence of Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia.
October 28 » The U.S. Congress passes the Volstead Act over President Wilson's veto, paving the way for Prohibition to begin the following January.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Nico de Kunder, "Family tree De Kunder", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-de-kunder/I5765.php : accessed October 23, 2026), "Pieternella Gazan (1857-1919)".
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