The temperature on April 9, 1843 was about 5.0 °C. Wind direction mainly north-northeast. Weather type: helder. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 25 » Lord George Paulet occupies the Kingdom of Hawaii in the name of Great Britain in the Paulet Affair (1843).
June 17 » The Wairau Affray, the first serious clash of arms between Māori and British settlers in the New Zealand Wars, takes place.
August 15 » Tivoli Gardens, one of the oldest still intact amusement parks in the world, opens in Copenhagen, Denmark.
September 21 » John Williams Wilson takes possession of the Strait of Magellan on behalf of the Chilean government.
October 16 » William Rowan Hamilton invents quaternions, a three-dimensional system of complex numbers.
November 28 » Ka Lā Hui (Hawaiian Independence Day): The Kingdom of Hawaii is officially recognized by the United Kingdom and France as an independent nation.
Day of marriage February 13, 1873
The temperature on February 13, 1873 was about 3.2 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 89%. Source: KNMI
From July 6, 1872 till August 27, 1874 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Vries - Fransen van de Putte with the prime ministers Mr. G. de Vries Azn. (liberaal) and I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal).
March 3 » Censorship in the United States: The U.S. Congress enacts the Comstock Law, making it illegal to send any "obscene literature and articles of immoral use" through the mail.
May 20 » Levi Strauss and Jacob Davis receive a U.S. patent for blue jeans with copper rivets.
August 23 » Albert Bridge in Chelsea, London opens.
September 1 » Cetshwayo ascends to the throne as king of the Zulu nation following the death of his father Mpande.
September 15 » Franco-Prussian War: The last Imperial German Army troops leave France upon completion of payment of indemnity.
September 18 » The bank Jay Cooke & Company declares bankruptcy, contributing to the Panic of 1873.
Day of death April 21, 1900
The temperature on April 21, 1900 was about 22.8 °C. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 46%. Source: KNMI
January 6 » Second Boer War: Having already besieged the fortress at Ladysmith, Boer forces attack it, but are driven back by British defenders.
February 14 » British forces begin the Battle of the Tugela Heights in an effort to lift the Siege of Ladysmith.
February 23 » Second Boer War: During the Battle of the Tugela Heights, the first British attempt to take Hart's Hill fails.
June 5 » Second Boer War: British soldiers take Pretoria.
July 9 » The Governor of Shanxi province in North China orders the execution of 45 foreign Christian missionaries and local church members, including children.
October 25 » The United Kingdom annexes the Transvaal.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Nico de Kunder, "Family tree De Kunder", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-de-kunder/I3394.php : accessed October 25, 2026), "Engel Moerland (1843-1900)".
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