The temperature on October 23, 1881 was about 4.8 °C. There was 3 mm of rain. The air pressure was 5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 97%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
January 1 » Nigeria becomes a British protectorate.
May 9 » Australia opens its first national parliament in Melbourne.
August 28 » Silliman University is founded in the Philippines. It is the first American private school in the country.
September 2 » Vice President of the United States Theodore Roosevelt utters the famous phrase, "Speak softly and carry a big stick" at the Minnesota State Fair.
October 12 » President Theodore Roosevelt officially renames the "Executive Mansion" to the White House.
November 18 » Britain and the United States sign the Hay–Pauncefote Treaty, which nullifies the Clayton–Bulwer Treaty and withdraws British objections to an American-controlled canal in Panama.
Day of death August 12, 1953
The temperature on August 12, 1953 was between 15.3 °C and 30.9 °C and averaged 23.6 °C. There was 8.0 hours of sunshine (54%). The partly clouded was. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south east. Source: KNMI
January 13 » An article appears in Pravda accusing some of the most prestigious and prominent doctors, mostly Jews, in the Soviet Union of taking part in a vast plot to poison members of the top Soviet political and military leadership.
February 19 » Book censorship in the United States: The Georgia Literature Commission is established.
May 25 » Nuclear weapons testing: At the Nevada Test Site, the United States conducts its first and only nuclear artillery test.
June 17 » Cold War: East Germany Workers Uprising: In East Germany, the Soviet Union orders a division of troops into East Berlin to quell a rebellion.
August 17 » Addiction: First meeting of Narcotics Anonymous takes place, in Southern California.
September 21 » Lieutenant No Kum-sok, a North Korean pilot, defects to South Korea with his jet fighter.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Nico de Kunder, "Family tree De Kunder", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-de-kunder/I3129.php : accessed October 25, 2026), "Martinus Leenheers (1881-1953)".
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