Olson's Tree » Hon. Oliver Ames (1779-1863)

Day of marriage April 7, 1803

• The temperature on April 7, 1803 was about 11.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south-southeast. Weather type: zeer betrokken. Source: KNMI
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  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In the year 1803: Source: Wikipedia
  • February 24 » In Marbury v. Madison, the Supreme Court of the United States establishes the principle of judicial review.
  • July 4 » The Louisiana Purchase is announced to the American people.
  • July 5 » The Convention of Artlenburg is signed, leading to the French occupation of the Electorate of Hanover (which had been ruled by the British king).
  • July 26 » The Surrey Iron Railway, arguably the world's first public railway, opens in south London, United Kingdom.
  • November 30 » In New Orleans, Spanish representatives officially transfer the Louisiana Territory to a French representative. Just 20 days later, France transfers the same land to the United States as the Louisiana Purchase.
  • November 30 » The Balmis Expedition starts in Spain with the aim of vaccinating millions against smallpox in Spanish America and Philippines.

Day of death September 11, 1863

• The temperature on September 11, 1863 was about 14.8 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 2.5 kgf/m² and came mainly from the north-northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 65%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1863: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.6 million citizens.
  • April 2 » American Civil War: The largest in a series of Southern bread riots occurs in Richmond, Virginia.
  • May 14 » American Civil War: The Battle of Jackson takes place.
  • June 14 » American Civil War: Second Battle of Winchester: A Union garrison is defeated by the Army of Northern Virginia in the Shenandoah Valley town of Winchester, Virginia.
  • September 19 » American Civil War: The first day of the Battle of Chickamauga, in northwestern Georgia, the bloodiest two-day battle of the conflict, and the only significant Confederate victory in the war's Western Theater.
  • November 16 » American Civil War: Battle of Campbell's Station near Knoxville, Tennessee: Confederate troops unsuccessfully attack Union forces.
  • November 25 » American Civil War: Battle of Missionary Ridge: At Missionary Ridge in Tennessee, Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant break the Siege of Chattanooga by routing Confederate troops under General Braxton Bragg.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1823 » David Ricardo, English economist and politician (b. 1772)
• 1843 » Joseph Nicollet, French mathematician and explorer (b. 1786)
• 1865 » Christophe Léon Louis Juchault de Lamoricière, French general (b. 1806)
• 1888 » Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, Argentinian journalist and politician, 7th President of Argentina (b. 1811)
• 1896 » Francis James Child, American scholar and educator (b. 1825)
• 1911 » Louis Henri Boussenard, French explorer and author (b. 1847)