The temperature on June 14, 1870 was about 25.8 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 56%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 15 » A political cartoon for the first time symbolizes the Democratic Party with a donkey ("A Live Jackass Kicking a Dead Lion" by Thomas Nast for Harper's Weekly).
February 9 » US president Ulysses S. Grant signs a joint resolution of Congress establishing the U.S. Weather Bureau.
May 14 » The first game of rugby in New Zealand is played in Nelson between Nelson College and the Nelson Rugby Football Club.
July 18 » The First Vatican Council decrees the dogma of papal infallibility.
September 19 » Franco-Prussian War: The siege of Paris begins. The city will hold out for over four months before surrendering.
October 27 » Franco-Prussian War: Marshal Bazaine surrenders to Prussian forces at the conclusion of the Siege of Metz along with 140,000 French soldiers.
Day of marriage August 14, 1902
The temperature on August 14, 1902 was between 6.0 °C and 18.9 °C and averaged 13.1 °C. There was 3.6 hours of sunshine (24%). Source: KNMI
January 30 » The first Anglo-Japanese Alliance is signed in London.
April 2 » Dmitry Sipyagin, Minister of Interior of the Russian Empire, is assassinated in the Marie Palace, Saint Petersburg.
April 20 » Pierre and Marie Curie refine radium chloride.
May 17 » Greek archaeologist Valerios Stais discovers the Antikythera mechanism, an ancient mechanical analog computer.
November 29 » The Pittsburgh Stars defeated the Philadelphia Athletics, 11–0 to win the first championship associated with an American national professional football league.
December 14 » The Commercial Pacific Cable Company lays the first Pacific telegraph cable, from San Francisco to Honolulu.
Day of death July 21, 1961
The temperature on July 21, 1961 was between 12.9 °C and 15.8 °C and averaged 14.2 °C. There was 0.5 mm of rain during 0.9 hours. There was -0.1 hours of sunshine (0%). The almost completely overcast was. The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the west-northwest. Source: KNMI
January 31 » Project Mercury: Mercury-Redstone 2: Ham the Chimp travels into outer space.
May 5 » Alan Shepard becomes the first American to travel into outer space, on a sub-orbital flight.
May 9 » FCC Chairman Newton N. Minow gives his Wasteland Speech.
May 28 » Peter Benenson's article The Forgotten Prisoners is published in several internationally read newspapers. This will later be thought of as the founding of the human rights organization Amnesty International.
May 31 » The South African Constitution of 1961 becomes effective, thus creating the Republic of South Africa, which remains outside the Commonwealth of Nations until 1 June 1994, when South Africa is returned to Commonwealth membership.
September 18 » U.N. Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld dies in an air crash while attempting to negotiate peace in the Katanga region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Sim Mostert, "Genealogy Pot en Smit", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/genealogie_pot_smit/I768.php : accessed December 25, 2025), "ELIZABETH de GRUIJTER (1870-1961)".
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