The temperature on February 17, 1857 was about 1.0 °C. The atmospheric humidity was 86%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
March 6 » The Supreme Court of the United States rules in the Dred Scott v. Sandford case.
March 29 » Sepoy Mangal Pandey of the 34th Regiment, Bengal Native Infantry mutinies against the East India Company's rule in India and inspires the protracted Indian Rebellion of 1857, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny.
May 10 » Indian Rebellion of 1857: In India, the first war of Independence begins. Sepoys mutiny against their commanding officers at Meerut.
August 24 » The Panic of 1857 begins, setting off one of the most severe economic crises in United States history.
September 12 » The SSCentral America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush.
November 16 » Second relief of Lucknow: Twenty-four Victoria Crosses are awarded, the most in a single day.
Day of marriage November 24, 1881
The temperature on November 24, 1881 was about 5.1 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 97%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
January 25 » Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell form the Oriental Telephone Company.
March 13 » Alexander II of Russia is assassinated.
April 28 » Billy the Kid escapes from the Lincoln County jail in Mesilla, New Mexico.
June 13 » The USS Jeannette is crushed in an Arctic Ocean ice pack.
June 28 » The Austro–Serbian Alliance of 1881 is secretly signed.
July 1 » General Order 70, the culmination of the Cardwell and Childers reforms of the British Army, comes into effect.
Day of death August 19, 1935
The temperature on August 19, 1935 was between 7.9 °C and 23.3 °C and averaged 16.8 °C. There was 9.9 hours of sunshine (68%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the ??. Source: KNMI
February 2 » Leonarde Keeler administers polygraph tests to two murder suspects, the first time polygraph evidence was admitted in U.S. courts.
June 10 » Dr. Robert Smith takes his last drink, and Alcoholics Anonymous is founded in Akron, Ohio, United States, by him and Bill Wilson.
June 11 » Inventor Edwin Armstrong gives the first public demonstration of FM broadcasting in the United States at Alpine, New Jersey.
August 31 » In an attempt to stay out of the growing tensions concerning Germany and Japan, the United States passes the first of its Neutrality Acts.
September 8 » US Senator from Louisiana Huey Long is fatally shot in the Louisiana State Capitol building.
November 9 » The Congress of Industrial Organizations is founded in Atlantic City, New Jersey, by eight trade unions belonging to the American Federation of Labor.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Sim Mostert, "Genealogy Pot en Smit", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/genealogie_pot_smit/I6174.php : accessed December 25, 2025), "CLASINA LOUWMAN (1857-1935)".
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