The temperature on October 13, 1835 was about 15.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: betrokken regen winderig. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 7 » HMSBeagle, with Charles Darwin on board, drops anchor off the Chonos Archipelago.
January 8 » The United States national debt is zero for the only time.
September 15 » HMSBeagle, with Charles Darwin aboard, reaches the Galápagos Islands. The ship lands at Chatham or San Cristobal, the easternmost of the archipelago.
October 28 » The United Tribes of New Zealand are established with the signature of the Declaration of Independence.
December 28 » Osceola leads his Seminole warriors in Florida into the Second Seminole War against the United States Army.
December 29 » The Treaty of New Echota is signed, ceding all the lands of the Cherokee east of the Mississippi River to the United States.
Day of marriage November 4, 1863
The temperature on November 4, 1863 was about 12.0 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 12 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 93%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
April 16 » American Civil War: During the Vicksburg Campaign, gunboats commanded by acting Rear Admiral David Dixon Porter run downriver past Confederate artillery batteries at Vicksburg.
May 2 » American Civil War: Stonewall Jackson is wounded by friendly fire while returning to camp after reconnoitering during the Battle of Chancellorsville. He succumbs to pneumonia eight days later.
June 14 » American Civil War: Second Battle of Winchester: A Union garrison is defeated by the Army of Northern Virginia in the Shenandoah Valley town of Winchester, Virginia.
July 9 » American Civil War: The Siege of Port Hudson ends, giving the Union complete control of the Mississippi River.
August 17 » American Civil War: In Charleston, South Carolina, Union batteries and ships bombard Confederate-held Fort Sumter.
October 29 » Eighteen countries meet in Geneva and agree to form the International Red Cross.
Day of death November 12, 1905
The temperature on November 12, 1905 was between 2.6 °C and 5.7 °C and averaged 4.5 °C. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east-southeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 1, 1901 to August 16, 1905 the cabinet Kuijper, with Dr. A. Kuijper (AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 17, 1905 to February 11, 1908 the cabinet De Meester, with Mr. Th. de Meester (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
February 23 » Chicago attorney Paul Harris and three other businessmen meet for lunch to form the Rotary Club, the world's first service club.
June 30 » Albert Einstein sends the article On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies, in which he introduces special relativity, for publication in Annalen der Physik.
August 10 » Russo-Japanese War: Peace negotiations begin in Portsmouth, New Hampshire.
October 30 » Czar Nicholas II issues the October Manifesto, granting the Russian peoples basic civil liberties and the right to form a duma. (October 17 in the Julian calendar)
November 25 » Prince Carl of Denmark arrives in Norway to become King Haakon VII of Norway.
November 28 » Irish nationalist Arthur Griffith founds Sinn Féin as a political party with the main aim of establishing a dual monarchy in Ireland.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Sim Mostert, "Genealogy Pot en Smit", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/genealogie_pot_smit/I5561.php : accessed September 30, 2026), "FREDERIK BROEKSMIT (1835-1905)".
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