January 16 » Virginia enacts the Statute for Religious Freedom authored by Thomas Jefferson.
May 1 » In Vienna, Austria, Mozart's opera The Marriage of Figaro is performed for the first time.
June 29 » Alexander Macdonell and over five hundred Roman Catholic highlanders leave Scotland to settle in Glengarry County, Ontario.
August 8 » Mont Blanc on the French-Italian border is climbed for the first time by Jacques Balmat and Dr. Michel-Gabriel Paccard.
September 11 » The beginning of the Annapolis Convention.
November 7 » The oldest musical organization in the United States is founded as the Stoughton Musical Society.
Day of marriage January 5, 1814
The temperature on January 5, 1814 was about 1.0 °C. Wind direction mainly northeast. Weather type: betrokken regen. Source: KNMI
This page is only available in Dutch.
De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
April 6 » Nominal beginning of the Bourbon Restoration; anniversary date that Napoleon abdicates and is exiled to Elba.
May 4 » King Ferdinand VII abolishes the Spanish Constitution of 1812, returning Spain to absolutism.
May 17 » Occupation of Monaco changes from French to Austrian.
July 24 » War of 1812: General Phineas Riall advances toward the Niagara River to halt Jacob Brown's American invaders.
November 1 » Congress of Vienna opens to re-draw the European political map after the defeat of France in the Napoleonic Wars.
December 24 » Representatives of the United Kingdom and the United States sign the Treaty of Ghent, ending the War of 1812.
Day of death September 9, 1862
The temperature on September 9, 1862 was about 14.7 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 96%. Source: KNMI
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
March 8 » American Civil War: The Naval Battle of Hampton Roads begins.
June 9 » American Civil War: Stonewall Jackson concludes his successful Shenandoah Valley Campaign with a victory in the Battle of Port Republic; his tactics during the campaign are now studied by militaries around the world.
August 28 » American Civil War: Second Battle of Bull Run, also known as the Battle of Second Manassas. The battle ends on August 30.
November 5 » American Civil War: Abraham Lincoln removes George B. McClellan as commander of the Army of the Potomac.
December 17 » American Civil War: General Ulysses S. Grant issues General Order No. 11, expelling Jews from parts of Tennessee, Mississippi, and Kentucky.
December 26 » American Civil War: The Battle of Chickasaw Bayou begins.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Sim Mostert, "Genealogy Pot en Smit", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/genealogie_pot_smit/I4449.php : accessed December 25, 2025), "LENA van KUIJK (1786-1862)".
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