From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
February 26 » Japan and Korea sign a treaty granting Japanese citizens extraterritoriality rights, opening three ports to Japanese trade, and ending Korea's status as a tributary state of Qing dynasty China.
April 20 » The April Uprising begins. Its suppression shocks European opinion, and Bulgarian independence becomes a condition for ending the Russo-Turkish War.
July 8 » The Hamburg massacre prior to the 1876 United States presidential election results in the deaths of six African-Americans of the Republican Party, along with one white assailant.
August 8 » Thomas Edison receives a patent for his mimeograph.
November 17 » Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's "Slavonic March" is given its premiere performance in Moscow, Russia.
November 25 » American Indian Wars: In retaliation for the American defeat at the Battle of the Little Bighorn, United States Army troops sack the sleeping village of Cheyenne Chief Dull Knife at the headwaters of the Powder River.
Day of marriage May 18, 1898
The temperature on May 18, 1898 was about 10.7 °C. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 62%. Source: KNMI
April 21 » Spanish–American War: The United States Navy begins a blockade of Cuban ports. When the U.S. Congress issued a declaration of war on April 25, it declared that a state of war had existed from this date.
June 13 » Yukon Territory is formed, with Dawson chosen as its capital.
June 22 » Spanish–American War: In a chaotic operation, 6,000 men of the U.S. Fifth Army Corps begins landing at Daiquirí, Cuba, about 16 miles (26km) east of Santiago de Cuba. Lt. Gen. Arsenio Linares y Pombo of the Spanish Army outnumbers them two-to-one, but does not oppose the landings.
July 1 » Spanish–American War: The Battle of San Juan Hill is fought in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
August 11 » Spanish–American War: American troops enter the city of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
November 10 » Beginning of the Wilmington insurrection of 1898, the only instance of a municipal government being overthrown in United States history.
Day of death October 20, 1960
The temperature on October 20, 1960 was between 5.6 °C and 12.7 °C and averaged 9.6 °C. There was 1.0 mm of rain during 1.9 hours. There was 0.3 hours of sunshine (3%). The almost completely overcast was. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east. Source: KNMI
February 13 » With the success of a nuclear test codenamed "Gerboise Bleue", France becomes the fourth country to possess nuclear weapons.
June 25 » Cold War: Two cryptographers working for the United States National Security Agency left for vacation to Mexico, and from there defected to the Soviet Union.
June 26 » The former British Protectorate of British Somaliland gains its independence as Somaliland.
September 24 » USSEnterprise, the world's first nuclear-powered aircraft carrier, is launched.
October 29 » In Louisville, Kentucky, Cassius Clay (who later takes the name Muhammad Ali) wins his first professional fight.
December 11 » French forces crack down in a violent clash with protesters in French Algeria during a visit by French President Charles de Gaulle.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Sim Mostert, "Genealogy Pot en Smit", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/genealogie_pot_smit/I1831.php : accessed October 8, 2026), "CORNELIA de GRAAFF (1876-1960)".
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