The temperature on January 1, 1868 was about -4.9 °C. The air pressure was 5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 76%. Source: KNMI
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
March 5 » Mefistofele, an opera by Arrigo Boito, receives its premiere performance at La Scala.
April 10 » At Arogee in Abyssinia, British and Indian forces defeat an army of Emperor Tewodros II. While 700 Ethiopians are killed and many more injured, only two British/Indian troops die.
April 11 » Former shōgun Tokugawa Yoshinobu surrenders Edo Castle to Imperial forces, marking the end of the Tokugawa shogunate.
May 26 » The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson ends with his acquittal by one vote.
November 27 » American Indian Wars: Battle of Washita River: United States Army Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer leads an attack on Cheyenne living on reservation land.
December 11 » Paraguayan War: Brazilian troops defeat Paraguayan at the Battle of Avay.
Day of death March 17, 1939
The temperature on March 17, 1939 was between -1.5 °C and 4.0 °C and averaged 1.7 °C. There was 0.7 mm of rain during 0.5 hours. There was 1.3 hours of sunshine (11%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north-northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from June 24, 1937 to July 25, 1939 the cabinet Colijn IV, with Dr. H. Colijn (ARP) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from July 25, 1939 to August 10, 1939 the cabinet Colijn V, with Dr. H. Colijn (ARP) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 10, 1939 to September 3, 1940 the cabinet De Geer II, with Jonkheer mr. D.J. de Geer (CHU) as prime minister.
March 16 » From Prague Castle, Hitler proclaims Bohemia and Moravia a German protectorate.
September 1 » Adolf Hitler signs an order to begin the systematic euthanasia of mentally ill and disabled people.
September 28 » World War II: The siege of Warsaw comes to an end.
October 15 » The New York Municipal Airport (later renamed LaGuardia Airport) is dedicated.
November 8 » Venlo Incident: Two British agents of SIS are captured by the Germans.
November 17 » Nine Czech students are executed as a response to anti-Nazi demonstrations prompted by the death of Jan Opletal. All Czech universities are shut down and more than 1,200 students sent to concentration camps. Since this event, International Students' Day is celebrated in many countries, especially in the Czech Republic.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: James Downs, "Downs Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/downs-tree/I312393604795.php : accessed December 9, 2025), "Mary Ada Birch (1868-1939)".
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