Carter-Aaron-boom » Rona Florence Katterfeldt (1905-)

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1. England & Wales, Index of Wills and Probates, 1853-1943

   Florence Katterfeldt<br>Gender: Female<br>Event Year: 1936<br>Residence: Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand<br>Death: Dec 22 1935 - Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand<br>Record Type: Probate<br>Husband: Francis Albert Katterfeldt<br>Beneficiaries:
   Name Relation
   Francis Albert Katterfeldt Husband

   The England & Wales Index to Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration, 1853-1943, collection spans an important development in English probate law. Prior to 1858, grants of probate and letters of administration fell under the jurisdiction of the ecclesiastical courts of the Church of England: primarily the Prerogative Court of York and the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. This collection contains an index of grants of probate and letters of administration made in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury from 1853 to 1857. As the highest ecclesiastical court, the Prerogative Court of Canterbury was responsible for probating the estates of an individual meeting any of the following criteria:
   
   

   • High level of personal wealth
   • Property in more than one diocese in the Province of Canterbury
   • Property in both the Province of York and the Province of Canterbury
   • Died outside of England, but owned property in England

   
   Therefore, it was very uncommon for an individual to have enough wealth or property for a grant of probate or letter of administration to be made in the Court of Canterbury. If an individual is found in the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, it may be possible to find a copy of their will at the National Archives of England.
   
   The Court of Probate Act of 1857 created a new civil court that centralized all grants of probates and letters of administration, effectively transferring all jurisdiction from the ecclesiastical courts of the Church of England to Her Majesty’s Court of Probate. The majority of records in this collection are dated after 1857 and were therefore administered in the Court of Probate. Even though this act centralized the administration of estates, it was still uncommon for an individual to leave a will to be probated. Therefore, this collection remains a good substitute for, or supplement to, the death records of relatively wealthy individuals.
   
   This collection is an index of a variety of legal documents but is composed of primarily four document types:
   
   

   1. Grants of Probate: Legal documents that authorize the executor(s) to administer a deceased individual’s estate according to the provisions of the will.
   2. Letters of Administration: Legal authority for the executor(s) to administer a deceased individual’s estate when no will was made prior to death.
   3. Scottish Confirmation: The Scottish equivalent of a grant of probate.
   4. Eik to a Confirmation: A supplementary document to an existing confirmation for additional assets not listed in the original confirmation.

   
   This collection does not contain any copies of the original wills. However, it may be possible to find the copies of wills for individuals found within this index. For individuals who died in England, in or after 1858, their wills may be found by searching the records of the United Kingdom. For individuals who died in Scotland before 1926, their wills may be found through a paid search of ScotlandsPeople.
   
   While primarily composed of individuals who were living in England and Wales, this collection does include the information of deceased persons living throughout the British Empire, as long as the decedent owned property in England or Wales. While relatively few in number, this collection contains records of individuals who resided in the following countries:
   
   Scotland, Ireland, Northern Ireland, France, Spain, Germany, Belgium, Sweden, Netherlands, Denmark, Austria, Italy, Switzerland, Portugal, Greece, Jersey, Isle of Man, South Africa, Guernsey, Prussia, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Russia, Canada, United States of America, Australia, New Zealand, Tasmania, India, Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Egypt, China, Japan, Singapore, East Indies, Burma, Turkey, Malta, West Africa, Nairobi, East Africa, Syria, Nigeria, Uganda, Monaco, Guyana, Mauritius, Sierra Leone, Kenya, Algiers, Canary Islands, Mesopotamia (Iraq), Macedonia, Cuba, Chile, Brazil, Peru, Jamaica, Mexico, Barbados, Trinidad, Argentina, and the West Indies.

2. Honolulu, Hawaii Passenger Lists, 1900-1953

   Rona Florence Katterfeldt<br>Gender: Female<br>Marital status: Single<br>Birth: Circa 1905<br>Arrival: May 10 1935 - Honolulu, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States<br>Age: 30<br>Origin: atterfeldt Father
   Mr D Ogier Cousin<br>Source information: Passenger Lists of Vessels Arriving at Honolulu, Hawaii, 1900-1953 (National Archives Microfilm Publication A3422, roll 154, line number 3, record id 007501157_00083_2); Digital Folder Number 007501157, Image Number 00083-s.<br>Nationality: New Zealander<br>Departure from: Auckland N Z&;lt;br>Residence in country of origin: New Zealand<br>Destination: Honolulu

   Immigration to Hawaii was primarily driven by the need for labor on rice, sugar, and pineapple plantations. This need was filled by young male immigrants who arrived in Hawaii under labor contracts, typically lasting a minimum of five years. After they completed their labor contracts those immigrant laborers who remained in Hawaii would send for their families. There was often a shortage of eligible single females, so many marriages were arranged via postcards with the bride immigrating without having ever met her future husband.

   
   

   The Hawaiian Organic Act of 1900 considered labor contracts exploitative and declared the contracts, “null and void and terminated” and stated that “no law shall be passed to enforce said contracts in any way.” However, contracts established prior to 1898 were still considered legal. The elimination of labor contracts accelerated immigration as new immigrants were not obligated to remain on a plantation and could quickly move on to other work. No longer forced to reside on plantations, entire families were able to immigrate together.

   
   

   The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 and the United States’ subsequent involvement in World War II drastically impacted immigration in Hawaii. The day following the attack President Franklin D. Roosevelt suspended all immigration and naturalization proceedings for Italian, German, and Japanese immigrants. All existing immigrants from Italy, Germany, and Japan were required to register with the U.S. government, had their travel restricted, and were prohibited from possessing any items considered a threat to the United States, such as cameras and radios.

   
   

   There were three groups of Asian immigrants who had a particular impact on Hawaii. The first substantial wave of immigrants to arrive in Honolulu were Chinese plantation workers. They arrived under labor contracts to work on rice farms. Following the completion of their labor contract, as many as two-thirds of Chinese laborers remained in Hawaii. Former laborers went on to successfully found banks and businesses and they would become one of the first middle class groups in Hawaii. Racism and discrimination led to a general fear of Chinese immigrants and the Federal Government, as well as individual states, adopted extreme measures against the Chinese. The Federal Government passed the Chinese Exclusion Act, effectively eliminating any Chinese immigration until its repeal in 1943.

   
   

   Japanese laborers were the next significant group of immigrants. Hundreds of thousands of Japanese immigrants arrived before the Asian Exclusion Act of 1924, which essentially halted any new immigration from Asia. They arrived to work on sugar plantations and following the completion of their labor contracts many stayed and sent for their families. Japanese immigrants were often suspected of supporting the Japanese Empire during World War II and faced extreme discrimination. Over one-third of Hawaii’s population during World War II, nearly 150,000 people, had Japanese ancestry. Until the 2010 U.S. census, Japanese immigrants and their descendants made up the largest ethnic group in Hawaii.

   
   

   The third substantial group of immigrants were Filipinos who began to arrive shortly after the conclusion of the Philippine-American War. Filipinos were considered American nationals and had an easier time immigrating to Honolulu as they were exempt from the Immigration Act of 1924. They were not bound to any labor contracts because they arrived after the Hawaiian Organic Act was passed and quickly made up half of the sugar plantations’ labor force. Even though they were American nationals, Filipinos were not exempt from discrimination. In 1934, the Tydings-McDuffie Act brought an end to Filipino immigration. The Act set a yearly quota of only 50 Filipino immigrants. The Filipino Repatriation Act was passed in 1935 and provided free one-way travel back to the Philippines for Filipino immigrants. When the Philippines was granted independence from the United States on July 4, 1946, the Luce-Celler Act allowed for the immigration of only 100 Filipinos per year.

Over de familienaam Katterfeldt

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