Carter-Aaron-boom » Charles Henry Franks (1864-1937)

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1. Honolulu, Hawaii Passenger Lists, 1900-1953

   Chas H Franks<br>Gender: Male<br>Birth: Circa 1864<br>Arrival: Dec 10 1916 - Honolulu, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States<br>Age: 52<br>Origin: onal Archives Microfilm Publication T715, roll 52, line number 8, record id 007501004_00049_7); Digital Folder Number 007501004, Image Number 00049.<br>Nationality: New Zealander<br>Departure from: Sydney via Honolulu and Pago Pago<br>Residence in country of origin: New Zealand<br>Destination: New Zealand

   Immigration to Hawaii was primarily driven by the need for labor on rice, sugar, and pineapple plantations. This need was filled by young male immigrants who arrived in Hawaii under labor contracts, typically lasting a minimum of five years. After they completed their labor contracts those immigrant laborers who remained in Hawaii would send for their families. There was often a shortage of eligible single females, so many marriages were arranged via postcards with the bride immigrating without having ever met her future husband.

   
   

   The Hawaiian Organic Act of 1900 considered labor contracts exploitative and declared the contracts, “null and void and terminated” and stated that “no law shall be passed to enforce said contracts in any way.” However, contracts established prior to 1898 were still considered legal. The elimination of labor contracts accelerated immigration as new immigrants were not obligated to remain on a plantation and could quickly move on to other work. No longer forced to reside on plantations, entire families were able to immigrate together.

   
   

   The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 and the United States’ subsequent involvement in World War II drastically impacted immigration in Hawaii. The day following the attack President Franklin D. Roosevelt suspended all immigration and naturalization proceedings for Italian, German, and Japanese immigrants. All existing immigrants from Italy, Germany, and Japan were required to register with the U.S. government, had their travel restricted, and were prohibited from possessing any items considered a threat to the United States, such as cameras and radios.

   
   

   There were three groups of Asian immigrants who had a particular impact on Hawaii. The first substantial wave of immigrants to arrive in Honolulu were Chinese plantation workers. They arrived under labor contracts to work on rice farms. Following the completion of their labor contract, as many as two-thirds of Chinese laborers remained in Hawaii. Former laborers went on to successfully found banks and businesses and they would become one of the first middle class groups in Hawaii. Racism and discrimination led to a general fear of Chinese immigrants and the Federal Government, as well as individual states, adopted extreme measures against the Chinese. The Federal Government passed the Chinese Exclusion Act, effectively eliminating any Chinese immigration until its repeal in 1943.

   
   

   Japanese laborers were the next significant group of immigrants. Hundreds of thousands of Japanese immigrants arrived before the Asian Exclusion Act of 1924, which essentially halted any new immigration from Asia. They arrived to work on sugar plantations and following the completion of their labor contracts many stayed and sent for their families. Japanese immigrants were often suspected of supporting the Japanese Empire during World War II and faced extreme discrimination. Over one-third of Hawaii’s population during World War II, nearly 150,000 people, had Japanese ancestry. Until the 2010 U.S. census, Japanese immigrants and their descendants made up the largest ethnic group in Hawaii.

   
   

   The third substantial group of immigrants were Filipinos who began to arrive shortly after the conclusion of the Philippine-American War. Filipinos were considered American nationals and had an easier time immigrating to Honolulu as they were exempt from the Immigration Act of 1924. They were not bound to any labor contracts because they arrived after the Hawaiian Organic Act was passed and quickly made up half of the sugar plantations’ labor force. Even though they were American nationals, Filipinos were not exempt from discrimination. In 1934, the Tydings-McDuffie Act brought an end to Filipino immigration. The Act set a yearly quota of only 50 Filipino immigrants. The Filipino Repatriation Act was passed in 1935 and provided free one-way travel back to the Philippines for Filipino immigrants. When the Philippines was granted independence from the United States on July 4, 1946, the Luce-Celler Act allowed for the immigration of only 100 Filipinos per year.

2. New Zealand PO Directory 1890 (Wise), 1890

   <p>New Zealand PO Directory 1890 (Wise)<br />Year: 1890<br />Place: New Zealand</p>

   This Wise's New Zealand directory contains towns, alphabetical, trade and miscellaneous sections which lists the names, addresses and professions of every one in New Zealand in 1890-91. It also includes a street guide for some of the major towns and separate directories for banking, public companies, medical, legal, ecclesiastical, educational, pastoral, municipal and government.

   Directories are an extremely useful tool for establishing when and where a person lived however this is just a starting point, look further in the directory to find out more information about the society in which they lived, the occupation they held and the people they knew.

   This product provides a great tool for researching New Zealand history making information that is difficult to find plainly and easily accessible on one CD.

3. New Zealand PO Directory 1905 (Wise), 1905

   <p>New Zealand PO Directory 1905 (Wise)<br />Year: 1905<br />Place: New Zealand</p>

   These three classifications enable the enquirer to see at a glance the Householders or Traders in any one town; the business and address of any resident in the colony; and the firms throughout New Zealand engaged in any trade or profession.

   The Towns section contains separate alphabetical directories for over 2,000 towns, boroughs, cities and districts.

   The Alphabetical section contains the names, occupations and postal addresses for the entire colony.

   The Trades section shows the business firms of the State, arranged under their trade or profession.

   Separate directories are given in the following areas, making the work comprehensive and complete

   • Medical
   • Ecclesiastical
   • Legal
   • Educational
   • Banking and finance
   • County council
   • Municipal
   • Insurance
   • Pastoral
   • Agricultural
   • Marine
   • Local and General Government

   The directory includes many pages of advertisements - all useful information, often including names of people and places.

4. New Zealand PO Directory 1892-93 (Wise), 1892

   <p>New Zealand PO Directory 1892-93 (Wise)<br />Year: 1892<br />Place: New Zealand</p>

   listed in the following sections:

   • colony-wide alphabetical directory
   • district directories
   • city street directories?Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Wellington
   • trades directory

   Names can be found in the following sections sometimes accompanied with additional information:

   • manufacturers of English goods for export to New Zealand
   • banking and finance?bank managers
   • legal?judges and magistrates, court officials, coroners, crown prosecutors, sheriffs, barristers and solicitors, justices of the peace
   • ecclesiastical?clergy
   • insurance?company administrators
   • educational?administrators, tertiary educators, head teachers, private school teachers
   • medical?Otago University School of Medicine, medical associations, medical practitioners, hospital administrators, dentists, chemists
   • pastoral and agricultural
   • municipal?county, town and borough clerks, harbour masters, road and river boards
   • government directories?elected members, ministers and government departmental administrators

   Directories are one of the most effective ways of tracing members of a family, especially tradesmen. Many small businesses needed to ensure the public was aware of their activity and one of the better ways to do this in an age before media dominated was via a directory. The value of directories as a research tool is enhanced when no census material is available.

5. United States, Border Crossings from Canada, 1895-1956

   Charles H Franks<br>Gender: Male<br>Marital status: Married<br>Birth: Otago New Zealand<br>Arrival: Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada<br>Last residence: England<br>Age: 55<br>Ship: Aquitania<br>Destination: Sydney, Nova Scotia W<br>Relatives:
   Name Relation Address
   D Radeliffe Relative Ramsey Isle Of Man<br>Source information: Soundex Index to Canadian Border Entries through the St. Albans, Vermont, District, 1895-1924 (National Archives Microfilm Publication M1461 156)

   The ports of entry included in this collection, by US state, are as follows:
   

   • Idaho: Eastport (1924-1956); Porthill (1923-1952)
     
   • Maine: Vanceboro (1906-1952); Calais (1906-1952); Jackman (1909-1953)
     
   • Michigan: Detroit (1906-1954)
     
   • Minnesota: Noyes (1912-1956); Baudette, Warroad, and International Falls (1910-1923)
     
   • Montana: Havre, Loring, Opheim, Raymond, Turner, Westby, and White Tail (1924-1956); Chief Mountain, Cut Bank, Del Bonita, Gateway, Great Falls, and Roosville (1923-1956); Babb (1928-1956)
     
   • New York: Buffalo, Lewiston, Niagara Falls, and Rochester (1902-1954); Alexandria Bay, Cape Vincent, Champlain, Clayton, Fort Covington, Mooers, Rouses Point, Thousand Island Bridge, and Trout River (1929-1956); Hogansburg, Malone, Morristown, Nyando, Odgensburg, Rooseveltown, and Waddington (1929-1956)
     
   • North Dakota: Dunseith, Neche, Pembina, Saint John, and Walhalla (1912-1956); Ambrose, Antler, Carbury, Fortuna, Noonan, Northgate, Portal, Sherwood, and Westhope (1921-1952); Northgate and Saint John (1910-1921)
     
   • Vermont: St. Albans (1895-1952); Small ports in Vermont (1895-1924)

   
   Comprised of the following NARA publications by order of frequency: M1461, M1480, M1478, M1463, A3460, A3448, M2071, M1462, A3447, M2042, A3491, A3386, M1481, M1482, M2046, A3462, A3560, A3479, A3490.

6. New Zealand, Birth Index, 1840-1901

   Charles Henry Franks<br>Birth: 1864<br>Father: Francis Franks<br>Mother: Susanna Elizabeth<br>Registration #: 19800

   Births have been officially recorded in New Zealand since 1848, and were originally under the jurisdiction of the Colonial Secretary. If a birth was a stillbirth it is indicated in the record. The records in this collection are provided by the New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.

7. California Passenger Lists, 1893-1957

   Chas H Franks<br>Gender: Male<br>Marital status: Married<br>Birth: Circa 1864<br>Arrival: Dec 26 1916 - San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States<br>Age: 52<br>Origin: New Zealand<br>Ship: Ventura<br>Nationality: New Zealander<br>Residence in country of origin: New Zealand<br>Departure from: Sydney, Australia<br>Destination: Christ Church, N Z<br>Relatives:
   Name Relation Address
   N Friend <br>Source information: Passenger Lists of Vessels Arriving at San Francisco, CA, 1893-1953 (National Archives Microfilm Publication M1410, roll 94, line number 6, record id 004893409_00855_5); Digital Folder Number 004893409, Image Number 00855-s.

   Early passenger lists were single-page manifests and recorded minimal information about passengers. Over time, forms were standardized and additional questions were added. By 1907, passenger manifests contained 29 columns and were two pages wide. The addition of names and addresses of relatives both in the United States and in the home country were also added to manifests starting in 1907.
   A common omission for genealogists when dealing with two-page manifests has been to locate the first page and miss the existence of the second. This collection includes single joint-images that have been stitched together, so that important information will not be missed.

8. Australia, New South Wales Death Index, 1787-1986

   Charles Henry Franks<br>Death:
   Year: 1937
   District: Sydney, New South Wales, Australia<br>Registration: New South Wales, Australia<br>Father: Francis Franks<br>Mother: Susanna Franks

   The district given in a record refers primarily to an electoral district, city, or township within New South Wales; however, the point of reference may also be a street or intersection. The vast majority of the deaths occurred in New South Wales, with a small minority that took place in Queensland, Tasmania, or elsewhere.

9. New Zealand, Electoral Rolls, 1881-1935

   Charles H Franks<br>Voter registration:
   Year: 1896
   Electorate: Christchurch
   Region: Canterbury<br>Address: St Albans lane<br>Occupation: Solicitor<br>Comments: Residential<br>Record #: 4825<br>Reference: F652

   Electoral rolls can serve as a substitute for census listings. They are particularly important for genealogy work in New Zealand, because the earliest available census listing is from 1961. In 1893, New Zealand became the first country to grant women’s suffrage.

10. Boston, Massachusetts Passenger Lists, 1891-1943

    Charles Henry Franks<br>Gender: Male<br>Marital status: Married<br>Birth: Circa 1864<br>Arrival: 1924 - Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts, United States<br>Age: 60<br>Origin: Great Britain<br>Ship: Scythia<br>Relatives:
    Name Relation
    Kynaston Franks Son<br>Source information: "Passenger Lists of Vessels Arriving at Boston, Massachusetts, 1891-1943" (National Archives Microfilm Publication T843, roll 293, line number 4, record id 005103887_00162_3); Digital Folder Number 005103887, Image Number 00162-s.<br>Nationality: New Zealander<br>Residence in country of origin: England<br>Destination: Christc

    Boston became a popular destination for European immigrants, particularly Irish immigrants, during the Irish Potato Famine in the mid-19th Century. The Cunard Line began offering service to Boston for Irish immigrants because their travel was often subsidized by the British government. However, even with subsidization many immigrants arrived in Boston destitute and unable to travel farther requiring them to find immediate work in Boston.

    
    

    Later in the 19th Century the Irish were joined by immigrants from Eastern and Mediterranean Europe. Russian Jews, finding themselves blamed for the assassination of Alexander II, fled the frequent and violent pogroms of Imperial Russia and settled in Boston. A newly unified Italy, suffering from an ineffective and unstable government as well as widespread poverty, left many Italians searching for better opportunities. Irish, Jewish, and Italian immigrants formed thriving communities in Boston.

    
    

    Boston was a prosperous economic hub and offered many opportunities for new immigrants. Work seemed to always be available for laborers building roads, bridges, the subway, and electric street cars. In addition to public works projects, laborers were needed on the docks, railroads, and in private factories where immigrants made items ranging from clothes and textiles to chemicals and rubber goods. However, employment for immigrants was not without challenges. As automation progressed, many skilled factory jobs were replaced by mechanization, resulting in long and dangerous shifts at significantly lower wages. Many immigrants turned to entrepreneurship, opening groceries, restaurants, and other retail to avoid the dangers of factory life and achieve upward socioeconomic mobility.

    
    

    Boston's subway system, the first in the nation, meant that communities near the city could flourish. This contributed to the development of what some contemporary sociologists referred to as Zones of Emergence. New immigrants and skilled workers aspiring to reach the middle-class lived together in these zones between the inner city and wealthier suburbs. Zones of Emergence were described as neighborhoods where "the air is brighter, cleaner, and more vibrant; sunshine falls in floods rather than in narrow shafts..." and provided an improved standard of living for many immigrants.

    
    

    The population of Boston more than doubled between 1880 and 1920. Immigration to Boston peaked in the 1910s, prior to World War I, and at that time immigrants accounted for approximately 40% of Boston's population. Despite the large number of immigrants arriving in Boston, the East Boston Immigration Station did not open until 1920. Prior to this station, also known as "Boston's Ellis Island", most immigrants were simply processed on the docks when they arrived. Shortly after "Boston's Ellis Island" opened, the Immigration Act of 1924 placed significant restrictions on immigration that effectively brought an end to Boston's "Golden Era" of immigration.

11. New Zealand, Marriage Index, 1840-1901

    Charles Henry Franks & Maud Ick<br>Marriage: 1890<br>Groom: Charles Henry Franks<br>Bride: Maud Ick<br>Registration #: 3248

    Marriages have been officially recorded in New Zealand since 1854, and were originally under the jurisdiction of the Colonial Secretary. The records in this collection are provided by the New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs.

Historische gebeurtenissen

• Geboortedag 27 maart 1864

Dezelfde geboorte/sterftedag

• Ook geboren op 27 maart

Over de familienaam Franks

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