Ancestral Trails 2016 » Archibald CAMPBELL (1629-1685)

Persoonlijke gegevens Archibald CAMPBELL 

• Hij is geboren op 26 februari 1629 in Dalkeith, Midlothian, Scotland.
• Titel: 9th Earl of Argyll
• Kaste: Hereditary Chief of Clan Campbell.
• Hij is overleden op 30 juni 1685 in Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, hij was toen 56 jaar oud.

  Executed for treason & libel

• Een kind van Archibald CAMPBELL en Margaret DOUGLAS

Gezin van Archibald CAMPBELL

(1) Hij is getrouwd met Mary STEWART.

Zij zijn getrouwd op 13 mei 1650 te Canongate Kirk, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, hij was toen 21 jaar oud.

Kind(eren):

1. Charles CAMPBELL  1662-????
2. Jean CAMPBELL  ± 1666-???? 
3. Anne CAMPBELL  ± 1665-????
4. James CAMPBELL  1663-1713
5. John CAMPBELL  1660-1729 
6. Archibald CAMPBELL  1658-1703 

(2) Hij is getrouwd met Anna MACKENZIE.

Zij zijn getrouwd op 28 januari 1670, hij was toen 40 jaar oud.

Notities over Archibald CAMPBELL

Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl of Argyll (26 February 1629 - 30 June 1685) was a Scottish peer and soldier.

The hereditary chief of Clan Campbell, and a prominent figure in Scottish politics, he was a Royalist supporter during the latter stages of the Scottish Civil War and its aftermath. During the period of the Cromwellian Protectorate he was involved in several Royalist uprisings and was for a time imprisoned.

Despite his previous loyalty, after the Restoration of Charles II, Argyll fell under suspicion due to his hereditary judicial powers in the Highlands and his strong Presbyterian religious sympathies. Condemned to death in 1681 on a highly dubious charge of treason and libel, he escaped from prison and fled into exile, where he began associating with Whig opponents of the Stuart regime. Following the accession of Charles' brother to the throne as James II in 1685, Argyll returned to Scotland in an attempt to depose James, organised in parallel with the Monmouth Rebellion. Argyll's Rising failed, and Argyll was captured and beheaded.

He was born in 1629 in Newbattle Abbey, Dalkeith, Scotland, the eldest son of Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll, and Lady Margaret Douglas, the daughter of William Douglas, 7th Earl of Morton.

At the age of four, an agreement was made, in accordance with a custom common amongst the Scottish nobility of the time, for young Archibald to be fostered with Colin Campbell of Glenorchy, one of his father's kinsmen. At his parents' insistence he was raised bilingually in English and Gaelic. He enrolled at Glasgow University in 1643, and between 1647-49 his father sent him to travel in France and Italy, mainly to protect him from the political upheavals taking place in Scotland at the time. His father, as one of the most powerful nobles in Scotland, became heavily involved in the politics of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, emerging as the leader of the Presbyterian Covenanter party and as the de facto head of the Scottish government for much of the period.

While still on the Continent, young Archibald heard the news of the execution of King Charles I, and wrote to Queen Henrietta Maria assuring her of his loyalty to the Stuart dynasty. In the letter he also reiterated his father's loyalty, and defended him against accusations that he had approved of Charles's trial and execution, but added that he would serve the King even against his father, if the latter really meant otherwise than he professed.

From c.1638 he bore the courtesy title Lord Lorne.

1650s
In 1650, after his return to Scotland, Lorne married Mary Stuart, the daughter of James Stuart, 4th Earl of Moray: the same year he was appointed to the governing Committee of Estates, his first major position of responsibility.

At the Restoration
At the 1660 Restoration of Charles II, Lorne went to London and was received kindly by the King. However, when his father, the Marquess, followed him hoping for a reconciliation with Charles he was arrested: as a result of his role in the Civil War he was executed in May 1661 for treason and his estates forfeit. Despite Lorne's history of loyalty to Charles he had powerful enemies at Court, and fifteen months after his father's death was himself threatened with beheading over a charge of "leasing making" (a form of libel). Charles however requested that the sentence be postponed: several months later Lorne was released, and his grandfather's title and estates were restored.

Death
On 30 June 1685 Argyll was executed, like his father, on the maiden in Edinburgh. He had spent much of his time in Holland preparing for a death he anticipated, and he faced his execution with fortitude and good humour. A story was repeated afterwards that an official who came to his room to bring him to execution found him sleeping peacefully, and was filled with remorse in the face of Argyll's calmness (though detractors claimed that following his 1658 head injury he had always had a similar sleep every day). To Sophia Lindsay he wrote:"what shall I say in this great day of the Lord, wherein, in the midst of a cloud, I find a fair sunshine. I can wish no more for you, but that the Lord may comfort you, and shine upon you as he doth upon me, and give you that same sense of His love in staying in the world, as I have in going out of it." On the scaffold he gave a speech reiterating his opposition to "Popery", and finally joked that the guillotine, as his "inlet to glory" was "the sweetest maiden he had ever kissed".

He was first interred in Greyfriars Kirkyard and later reburied at Kilmun Parish Church.

Character
There are few personal descriptions of Argyll. John Lauder, Lord Fountainhall said that he was "witty in knacks" (i.e. clever in small inventions) and was "so conceitly" he had about twenty pockets in his coat and breeches. Lauderdale said that he had habits of winking his eye as he spoke and of holding his thumb in the palm of his hand, both of which were supposed to be "ill signs" prophetic of his violent fate. Argyll himself made reference to his own slight build and stature. Napier, the highly partisan pro-Jacobite historian, repeated several derogatory stories of Argyll's character and quoted John Leslie, 1st Duke of Rothes who said of Argyll that ""neither does either his person, or way of converse, recommend him". However, Argyll had, like his father, made many enemies in his lifetime, and other sources give a far more favourable impression of him. Airy noted that Argyll's correspondence on the death of his first wife was "touching", and Andrew Lang wrote that his unpublished private letters showed him to be a "man of singularly affectionate character and tender heart", adding that his conduct at his execution demonstrated great personal bravery.

Family
On 13 May 1650, at the Canongate Kirk, he married Lady Mary Stewart, daughter of the 4th Earl of Moray, with whom he had seven children:

Archibald Campbell, 1st Duke of Argyll
John Campbell of Mamore, Commissioner for Argyllshire, and later MP for Dunbartonshire.
Charles Campbell, Commissioner for Campbeltown
James Campbell (c. 1660-1713?)
Mary Campbell
Anne Campbell, married 1st Richard Maitland, 4th Earl of Lauderdale; 2nd, to Charles Stuart, 6th Earl of Moray
Jean Campbell, married William Kerr, 2nd Marquess of Lothian

He married again, in 1670, the widow Lady Anne Mackenzie, Countess of Balcarres. She survived her husband, being spared execution, and died of old age in 1707.
SOURCE: Wikipedia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archibald_Campbell,_9th_Earl_of_Argyll

Heeft u aanvullingen, correcties of vragen met betrekking tot Archibald CAMPBELL?
De auteur van deze publicatie hoort het graag van u!

Tijdbalk Archibald CAMPBELL

Klik op de namen voor meer informatie. Gebruikte symbolen:  grootouders    ouders    broers/zussen    kinderen