Ancestral Trails 2016 » OTTO von SAXONY II (± 955-983)

Persoonlijke gegevens OTTO von SAXONY II 

• Hij is geboren rond 955 in Sachsen, Preussen, Germany.
• Titel: Holy Roman Emperor
• (Relationship) : 33rd Great Grandfather.
• (Relationship) : 33rd Great Grandfather.
• Hij is overleden op 7 december 983 in Rome, Lazio, Italy.
• Een kind van OTTO von SAXONY en ADELAIDE de BURGUNDY

Gezin van OTTO von SAXONY II

Hij is getrouwd met THEOPHANA.

Zij zijn getrouwd op 14 april 972.

Kind(eren):

1. Sophia von SAXONY  975-1039
2. Adelheid von SAXONY  973-????
3. MECHTILDE von SAXONY  979-1025 
4. Otto von SAXONY  980-1002

Notities over OTTO von SAXONY II

Otto II (end 955 - Rome , December 7, 983 ) was Duke of Saxony , King of Germany and Italy and Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire .

Otto was the son of Emperor Otto de Grote , the most successful king since Charles the Great , and his second wife Adelheid of Italy . Otto was raised by his uncle Bruno de Grote , Archbishop of Cologne and his step brother William, Archbishop of Mainz . As a result, he had a good education and interest in science and theology. To ensure his success, Otto I crowned his son Otto II during his life:

On April 14, 972 , he married the Byzantine princess Theophanu , cousin of Emperor Johannes I Tzimiskes . In 973, Otto followed his father after his death as king of Germany and Italy, and Duke of Saxony. On the first Christmas day of that year he was crowned again in Rome as an emperor.

Germany
The first period of his government gave Otto priority to assuring his dominant position in Germany and the conflicts with the neighboring states of Germany.

First of all, Otto faced a revolt in Lorraine , led by French support by the brothers Reinier IV of Hainaut and Lambert I van Leuven . At first he managed to suppress the insurgency, but in 976 Otto decided to settle peace with the brothers after an undecided battle in Bergen and give them back the counties of their father.

In 974 Otto was in conflict with his cousin Hendrik II of Bavaria when Burchard III of Swabian died. Hendrik was promised that he would become Duke of Swabs, but Otto gave the title to another cousin Otto I van Zwaben . The mother of Hendrik, Judith of Bavaria , organized a conspiracy against the emperor, who was attended by bishop Abraham van Freising , the Duke of Bohemia , Poland and various members of the clergy and the nobility who were dissatisfied with the policy of the previous Emperor, Otto I the Great. However, the plan was discovered and relatively easily suppressed. In the same year, Otto's troops could successfully eradicate an attempt by Harald I of Denmark to reject the Saxon yoke. In 975 Otto failed to expedite Bohemia because of problems in Bavaria, making Bohemia and Poland practically independent. The following year Otto Hendrik forced to flee to Bohemia. Otto gave the Duchy of Bavaria to Otto van Zwaben, but made Austria and Carinthia separate from Bavaria and made independent duchies of. He also exaggerated control of the diocese of Prague to the Archdiocese of Regensburg and gave it to the Archdiocese of Mainz. In 977 he opposed the resistance in Bavaria, with the conquest of Passau , and Bohemia. In 979 Otto also concluded peace with Poland.

In 977, he offered his cousin Charles of Lower Lorraine refuge when he was banned from France and made him the Duke of Lower Lorraine . As a result, he encountered conflict with King Lotharius from France who even managed to occupy Aachen for a short while. Otto could escape his time in Aachen from time to time, but Lothar could make valuable treasures. In September 978 Otto returned. With an army of 30,000 men Otto entered the West Franconian territories. He met little resistance, but illness among his troops forced him to give up a begun siege of Paris . On the return trip, the backbone of his army was defeated when the Aisne crossed. The luggage train with all the spoils was in the hands of West Franken. Otto's mother, Adelheid , who was also mother in law of Lotharius, broke Otto and pulled her family in Burgundy . During a discussion in Margot in 980, Otto concluded peace with Lotharius who saw Lorraine's descent. In return, Otto II acknowledged the rights of the son of Lotharius, Louis V of France on the West Frankish throne. Hugo Capet was afraid he would become Otto's new goal and invested a lot in the relations with Otto (he would visit him even in Rome), Theophanu and Adelheid.

He was the guardian of the Saint Baafs abbey in Ghent .

Italy
After all these complications were brought to a reasonable conclusion from his perspective, Otto II was now free to travel to Italy. The German government relied on the Chancellor Willigis and Duke Bernhard I van Saxen . He was accompanied on his journey by his wife, son, Otto of Bavaria and Swabians, the bishops of Worms , Metz and Merseburg and numerous other graves and barons. He left the Alps in modern Switzerland. In Pavia , he reconciled to his mother, after which he celebrated Christmas in Ravenna in 980 .

Otto had the ambition to restore order throughout Italy's entire continent and to subject it to his kingdom. He began with Rome, where anarchy had arisen after his father's death. Pope Benedict VI , still chosen by his father, was detained by the Roman citizen in Castel Sant'Angelo , where he died in 974. His successor Boniface VII fled to Constantinople and Benedict VII , former bishop of Sutri , was now a pope. Prior to Benedict VII, Otto II officially entered Rome on Easter Sunday . Otto held a magnificent court in Rome, attended by princes and nobles from all parts of western Europe. During a feast in the Vatican , all rebellious nobles were invited, a list of names was read and all persons were taken on the list by soldiers and killed outside. Otto is therefore also called "the Bloody" in Italy.

After the death of his Langobardian Vazal, Pandulf, Iron Head in 981, southern Italy was a political and military patchwork where the Byzantine Empire , the Saracens and independent princes of Langobardian origin fought each other continually. Otto eventually obtained recognition of his authority of all the Langobardian rulers in southern Italy under the command of Manso I of Amalfi . In January 982 German troops marched to the Byzantine territories and conquered Bari and Tarente . Otto, however, suffered a severe defeat against the Saracens in Crotone 's battle and had to retreat to the north.

Via Rome he traveled to Verona . On a national day there in June 983, mainly attended by northern Italian princes, he confirmed his young son Otto III as king of Germany and prepared a new campaign against the Saracens. He concluded an agreement with the Republic of Venice , of which he needed hard help after the Crotone defeat. In Rome, Otto accomplished the election of Peter of Pavia as Pope John XIV .

Just as the news of a general uprising of the Slavic tribes on the eastern border of the East Franconian empire, he died on December 7, 983 at his palace in Rome - not 30 years old yet. Otto suffered from malaria and had aggravated himself by taking too much a dose of laxative . Otto was buried in the atrium of St. Peter's Basilica . When this church was rebuilt, its remains were transferred to the crypt , where its grave can still be seen.

Marriage and progeny
On April 14, 972 , he married the Byzantine princess Theophanu , (infamous) niece of Emperor Johannes I Tzimiskes. Five children were born from this marriage:

Adelheid, (973/974 - 14 January 1044), abducted in the abbey of Quedlinburg and during his uprising by Hendrik II of Bavaria; in 999 abdis of Quedlinburg, in 1014 of Gernrode and in 1039 of the Gandersheim
Sophia (October 975 - end of January 1039), raised in the abbey of Gandersheim where she became, in 1002 abbess of Gandersheim and in 1012 also abbess of Essen
Mathilde (979 - Echtz , 1025), married to Ezzo van Lorraine and mother of Richeza , queen of Poland
Otto III , (June / July 980-1002), Roman Emperor
A daughter, a twin sister of Otto, died before October 8, 980
SOURCE: Wikipedia - https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=en&sl=nl&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman_III_van_Werl&prev=search

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