Ancestral Trails 2016 » Alexander I Pavlovich ROMANOV (1777-1825)

Persoonlijke gegevens Alexander I Pavlovich ROMANOV 

• Hij is geboren op 23 december 1777 in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

  Let op: Leeftijd bij trouwen (28 september 1793) lag beneden de 16 jaar (15).

• Titel: Tsar of Russia, Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias
• (Ancestry) : House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov.
• Hij is overleden op 1 december 1825 in Taganrog, Rostov, Russia, hij was toen 47 jaar oud.

  Died from Typhus

• Hij is begraven december 1825 in St Peter &, Paul Cathedral, St Petersburg, Russia.
• Een kind van Paul Petrovich of RUSSIA en Sophie Marie Dorothea von WURTTEMBERG

Gezin van Alexander I Pavlovich ROMANOV

Hij is getrouwd met Louise Maria von BADEN.

Zij zijn getrouwd op 28 september 1793 te Saint Petersburg, Russia, hij was toen 15 jaar oud.

Notities over Alexander I Pavlovich ROMANOV

Alexander I (Russian: Aleksandr Pavlovich; 23 December 1777 - 1 December 1825]) reigned as Emperor of Russia from 23 March 1801 to 1 December 1825. He was the son of Paul I and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg. Alexander was the first Russian King of Poland, reigning from 1815 to 1825, as well as the first Russian Grand Duke of Finland. He was sometimes called Alexander the Blessed.

He was born in Saint Petersburg to Grand Duke Paul Petrovich, later Emperor Paul I, and succeeded to the throne after his father was murdered. He ruled Russia during the chaotic period of the Napoleonic Wars. As prince and emperor, Alexander often used liberal rhetoric, but continued Russia's absolutist policies in practice. In the first years of his reign, he initiated some minor social reforms and (in 1803-04) major, liberal educational reforms, such as building more universities. He promised constitutional reforms and a desperately needed reform of serfdom in Russia but made no concrete proposals. Alexander appointed Mikhail Speransky, the son of a village priest, as one of his closest advisors. The Collegia was abolished and replaced by the State Council, which was created to improve legislation. Plans were also made to set up a parliament and sign a constitution.

In foreign policy, he changed Russia's position relative to France four times between 1804 and 1812 among neutrality, opposition, and alliance. In 1805 he joined Britain in the War of the Third Coalition against Napoleon, but after the massive defeat at the Battle of Austerlitz he switched and formed an alliance with Napoleon by the Treaty of Tilsit (1807) and joined Napoleon's Continental System. He fought a small-scale naval war against Britain between 1807 and 1812. He and Napoleon could never agree, especially about Poland, and the alliance collapsed by 1810. The tsar's greatest triumph came in 1812 as Napoleon's invasion of Russia proved a total disaster for the French. As part of the winning coalition against Napoleon he gained some spoils in Finland and Poland. He formed the Holy Alliance to suppress revolutionary movements in Europe that he saw as immoral threats to legitimate Christian monarchs. He helped Austria's Klemens von Metternich in suppressing all national and liberal movements.

In the second half of his reign he was increasingly arbitrary, reactionary and fearful of plots against him; he ended many earlier reforms. He purged schools of foreign teachers, as education became more religiously oriented as well as politically conservative. Speransky was replaced as advisor with the strict artillery inspector Aleksey Arakcheyev, who oversaw the creation of military settlements. Alexander died of typhus in December 1825 while on a trip to southern Russia. He left no heirs, as his two daughters died in childhood. Both of his brothers wanted the other to become emperor. After a period of great confusion that included the failed Decembrist revolt of liberal army officers, he was succeeded by his younger brother, Nicholas I.

Private life
On 9 October 1793, Alexander married Louise of Baden, known as Elisabeth Alexeyevna after her conversion to the Orthodox Church. He later told his friend Frederick William III that the marriage, a political match devised by his grandmother, Catherine the Great, regrettably proved to be a misfortune for him and his spouse. Their two children died young. Their common sorrow drew the spouses closer together. Towards the close of his life their reconciliation was completed by the wise charity of the Empress in sympathising deeply with him over the death of his beloved daughter Sophia Naryshkina, the daughter of his mistress Maria Naryshkina, with whom he had a relationship from 1799 until 1818. In 1809, Alexander I was widely and famously rumored to have had an affair with the Finnish noble Ulla Möllersvärd and to have had a child by her, but this is not confirmed.

Death
Tsar Alexander I became increasingly suspicious of those around him, especially after an attempt was made to kidnap him when he was on his way to the conference in Aachen, Germany. In the autumn of 1825 the Emperor undertook a voyage to the south of Russia due to the increasing illness of his wife. During his trip he himself caught a cold which developed into typhus from which he died in the southern city of Taganrog on 19 November 1825. His two brothers disputed who would become tsar-each wanted the other to become tsar. Rumours circulated for years that he had not died but had become the monk Feodor Kuzmich. His wife died a few months later as the emperor's body was transported to Saint Petersburg for the funeral. He was interred at the St. Peter and Paul Cathedral of the Peter and Paul Fortress in Saint Petersburg on 13 March 1826.

Children of Alexander I of Russia.
By his wife Louise of Baden
Maria/Maryia Alexandrovna, Grand Duchess of Russia 29 May 1799-8 July 1800 Sometimes rumoured to be the child of Adam Czartoryski, died aged one.
Elisabeta/Elisaveta Alexandrovna, Grand Duchess of Russia 15 November 1806-12 May 1808 Sometimes rumoured to be the child of Alexei Okhotnikov, died aged one of an infection.

By Sophia Sergeievna Vsevolozhskaya
Nikolai Yevgenyevich Lukash 11 December 1796-20 January 1868 Married Princess Alexandra Lukanichna Guidianova and Princess Alexandra Mikhailovna Schakhovskaya; had four children from first marriage and one child from second marriage.

By Maria Narishkin
Zenaida, Narishkin c. 1806-8 May 1810 Died aged four.
Sophia, Narishkin 1808-18 June 1824 Died aged sixteen, unmarried.
Emanuel, Narishkin 30 July 1813-31 December/1 January 1901 Married Catherine Novossiltzev, no issue.

*unconfirmed and disputed
By Marguerite-Josephine Weimer
Maria Alexandrovna Parijskaia 19 March 1814-1874 Married Vassili Joukov, had issue.

By an unknown mother
Wilhelmine Alexandrine Pauline Alexandrov 1816-4 June 1863 Married Ivan Arduser von Hohendachs, had issue.

By Veronica Dzierzanowska
Gustave Ehrenberg 14 February 1818-28 September 1895 Married firstly Felicite Pantcherow, no issue. Married secondly, Emilie Pantcherow, had one son.

By Barbara Tourkestanov, Princess Tourkestanova
Maria Tourkestanova, Princess Tourkestanova 20 March 1819-19 December 1843 Died aged twenty-four, no issue.

By Maria Ivanovna Katatcharova
Nicolas Vassilievich Isakov 10 February 1821-25 February 1891 Married Anna Petrovna Lopukhina (a descendant of Eudoxia Lopukhina), had issue.

Other
Alexander I was the godfather of future Queen Victoria who was christened Alexandrina Victoria in honour of the tsar.
Alexander I was the namesake for the Alexanderplatz in Berlin, Germany.
It was due to Alexander I that the first name "Alexander", hitherto virtually unknown in Russia, became one of the most common Russian names.
SOURCE: Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia#Private_life

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